This is an HTML version of an attachment to the Official Information request 'Can you please provide the NIWA annual reports from 2002 through to 2010'.

2010
Annual Report
d]Y\af_]fnajgfe]flYdk[a]f[]



2
8
10 
12
16
18
20
22
28
 | 1 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
contents
1501
Chairman & Chief Executive’s report 
Financial summary 
Organisational responsibility  
Performance against Statement  
of Corporate Intent 
Capability funding 
Board of Directors 
Report of the Directors 
Corporate governance statement 
Financial statements 
Directory 60
environmental   science projects   on the go   through our   national centres
 
$127.9  million revenue from  research and   applied science  services
From the top of the 
atmosphere to the 
bottom of the ocean, 
NIWA delivers leading 
environmental science.
750 staff across 16 sites   in New Zealand   and Australia
Cover photo: Dave Allen, NIWA
Nelson Boustead
Nelson Boustead, NIWA


 | 3 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
“Science and innovation are key to our nation’s prosperity.” 
John Morgan, Chief Executive
 
$127.9  million
$9.55  million profit before income tax
$127.4 
revenue from   research and applied   science services
million total assets
Right: Chief Executive John Morgan 
and Chairman Chris Mace
 
In spite of all these ongoing changes,  the 2009–10 financial year has been  another successful period for NIWA.  Our productivity and revenue exceeded  budget, our costs were well managed,  and as an organisation we were able   to invest in our most important asset,  our staff, as well as some new and  exciting technology.  
Aspects of our science, particularly  regarding climate data, continue to be  scrutinised. While we must accept that  scepticism and close scrutiny play a   role in the assessment and validation  of new knowledge, we must also be  prepared to defend our reputation  against inaccurate, ideologically or  politically motivated criticism.  
While the year ahead looks challenging,  with changes to purchasing and funding  procedures, I would like to sincerely  thank the Directors, John Morgan   and his hard working executive, and  indeed all of the NIWA team, for their  ongoing efforts and contribution to   NIWA in this important area of  environmental science. 
Chris Mace Chairman
capital expenditure programme. The aim  was to hold all existing business and be  well positioned to take advantage of new  business opportunities as they emerged  by maintaining our research and applied  science capability. 
To achieve this we focused on being a  very lean operation – taking a cautious  approach to personnel costs,   re-using resources, extending the life of  consumables, and cutting key areas like  overseas travel. We were acutely aware  of how this constrained the professional  lives of our staff, and we are grateful  for their cooperation and willingness to  temporarily suspend some important  components of professional operation.
 
CHAIRMAN & CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REPORT
From the Chairman
“As economic development receives  unprecedented focus, attention is  turning to Research, Science and  Technology to address the challenges  we face both nationally and globally.”
So says Neville Jordan CNZM  in his statement as Chair of the  Crown Research Institute (CRI)  Taskforce. The Board of NIWA agrees  with the statement, and with the  recommendations of the Taskforce  to streamline funding processes,  strengthen governance structures,   and clarify goals for each CRI.
The past year has set a new course for  science and innovation in New Zealand  by recognising its potential contribution  to all New Zealanders. NIWA, with  its specialist skills in environmental  science, will join other CRIs and  Universities at the forefront of making  this contribution a reality.
NIWA continues to work alongside   our Minister of Research, Science   and Technology Dr Wayne Mapp, the  Prime Minister’s Chief Science Advisor  Sir Peter Gluckman, and officials to  finalise new processes and implement  the changes.  
Our Chief Executive John Morgan as   Chair of Science New Zealand has made  a significant contribution to this work on  behalf of all CRIs.  
Planning for a tough year
The demand for NIWA’s environmental  science has grown steadily in recent  years; however, it was not clear when we  were preparing our business plan for the  2009–10 year quite how much we would  be affected by what was being described  as the worst economic period the world  had faced in a generation.
We planned for a tough year by  budgeting for static revenue and cutting  back on as many operating costs as  we could without damaging our long- term capability. We did so with a  determination to retain all permanent  staff and to continue to complete the  final year of an extensive three year 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
2 | 




 | 5 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
- puku, 
- puku at 
 is getting an 
Tangaroa
  
 to stay in one place (within a few metres) or move 
Tangaroa
Top right: Minister of Research, Science and Technology, Dr Wayne Mapp, 
officially opens NIWA’s High Performance Computing Facility (HPCF), 
following successful trials and installation at NIWA’s Greta Point site  
in Wellington. 
The HPCF is the most powerful research computer of its type in the 
Southern Hemisphere and the 15th largest p575 POWER6 supercomputer 
in the world. It is one of the largest single investments in New Zealand 
science and represents a major strategic asset for NIWA and the country. Photo: Dave Allen, NIWA
Bottom left: NIWA’s flagship research vessel 
upgrade, with the installation of an advanced dynamic positioning system. 
This will allow 
unerringly along a path to deploy and operate precisely scientific, fishing, 
or mining equipment.
NIWA’s multi-million dollar investment will significantly advance  
New Zealand’s capability for ocean sciences and marine  
resource exploration. Photo: Daniel Hayward, NIWA 
Bottom right: NIWA Chief Executive, John Morgan, along with Minister of 
Research, Science and Technology, Dr Wayne Mapp, and Chief Scientist, 
Aquaculture & Biotechnology, Andrew Forsythe, view juvenile ha
NIWA’s Bream Bay Aquaculture Park.
NIWA has conducted six years of intensive research into farming ha
and is the first in the world to close the life cycle of this premium seafood 
product in captivity.
The team started with the capture of wild broodstock and is now producing 
young fish from selected breeding stock.
- puku,  
- puku and kingfish. Six years ago, 
- puku, and this year we market-
measurement. This year we were  employed to measure and monitor  environmental conditions by local  authorities, developers, builders of  infrastructure, and users of natural  resources. NIWA runs the country’s  only national-scale river water  monitoring system, the National   River Water Quality Network.   The network this year provided a  picture of the declining quality of  our waterways. Although they are  still exceptional by international  standards, the public discussion   about the issue shows that   New Zealanders want to stop the  decline. Our research is showing   ways to fix the problems.  
Another example of focus in this field  is the Land and Water Forum, a group  of key industries and authorities  charged with producing a national  freshwater strategy for New Zealand  that enhances both our economy and  the environment. NIWA’s freshwater  expertise has been a key contributor  to the Land and Water   Forum’s deliberations. 
Developing economic opportunities
The second key role for NIWA is to  focus its research on areas that are  relevant to New Zealand and make  ourselves the best at the science  involved in these fields in order  to identify and realise economic  opportunities. These fields include  climate, environmental forecasting,  freshwater, renewable energy, and  finfish aquaculture.
One example which has come to  fruition this year is the farming of  ha NIWA saw that farming of new   species of finfish was possible in   New Zealand, and that there would   be high commercial demand for it.   After several years of extensive  research we now have a complete  understanding of the life-cycle of  ha tested the results with our farmed  product – to universal acclaim  from chefs and buyers in the  international fish market. Although  we are about two years away from full  commercialisation of ha our kingfish research has now 
The establishment of a ‘CRI Taskforce’  resulted in a report making a number  of recommendations to enhance the  performance of CRIs. In essence,  this was to provide clarity about the  role and purpose of CRIs, improve  the efficiency and administration  of core science funding, increase  the accountability of CRI boards  and executives, and increase the  connectedness between CRIs and   the economic sectors they serve.
The NIWA Board and Executive have  responded enthusiastically to the  CRI Taskforce recommendations,  recognising that there a number of  key outcomes for New Zealand that  NIWA’s science can contribute to.  Examples include improving economic  growth through the sustainable  management of our nation’s  freshwater and ocean resources, and  growing renewable energy production  utilising aquatic and atmospheric  energy resources.
NIWA’s science will also help   New Zealand better understand the  impacts, and exploit the opportunities,  of climate variability and change, and  enhance New Zealand’s international  reputation and competiveness through  mitigating changes in atmospheric  composition from greenhouse gases  and air pollutants. 
NIWA’s science will also make a  key contribution to getting a better  understanding of the Antarctic and  Southern Ocean climate, oceans,  and ecosystems and their longer- term impact on New Zealand, and  increasing the resilience of   New Zealand and the South-West  Pacific Islands to weather and climate  related hazards like drought, floods,  tsunami, and sea level rise.
Effective and accurate   environmental monitoring 
Most New Zealanders recognise  that the environment and our  unique biodiversity is the bedrock  of our economy, and that astute  environmental management and  balance is essential. NIWA has a key  role to play in this in two main areas.
The first is effective and accurate  environmental monitoring and 
.
Tangaroa
CHAIRMAN & CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REPORT
Continued investment in capability
The tighter belts were made more  bearable by the professionally  inspiring addition of some substantial  new science facilities and equipment.  As well as major upgrades in state- of-the-art laboratory equipment,  we invested in the most powerful  supercomputer in the southern  hemisphere, an IBM p575 POWER6,  at a cost of $12.7 million, and  strengthened our commitment to  oceans research with the first stage   of a $20 million upgrade to the  capability of our flagship research  vessel 
NIWA, through its 750 dedicated  people, has a well-earned reputation  internationally for the calibre and  breadth of its science skills, but  research and applied science need  modern tools as well. For that reason,  we were determined to continue  the capital investment programme  to support our aspiration to remain  as one of the most respected  environmental science organisations  in the world.  
As the 2009–10 year progressed, and  economic conditions remained tough,  the demand for NIWA’s environmental  services held firm, and our people   and resource capability remained   fully utilised.  
The final result was revenue of   $127.9 million, compared with  a budget of $119.2 million, with  earnings before interest and taxation  (EBIT) of $9.5 million, compared with  a budget of $7.09 million.
A change in the treatment of property  depreciation announced in the  Government’s May budget had a one- off negative tax impact of $2.2 million,  resulting in a net surplus after tax   of $4.5 million, compared with a  budget of $4.86 million.
Contributing to New Zealand’s  prosperity
During the year New Zealand was  seeing a new emphasis in the role  of ‘science and innovation’ with the  Prime Minister, John Key, announcing  it would be one of the pillars for  economic and environmental  prosperity for our country.  
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
4 | 


 | 7 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
Anthony Hull, Australian Antarctic Division
2006
24.4
24.4
$’000
50,374
16,060
39,980
15,706
10,342
8,480
Previous  
NZ GAAP
106,414
million
2007
22.6
22.6
$’000
53,418
17,183
43,310
15,843
10,461
9,107
Previous  
NZ GAAP
113,911
ted return on average equity’  
0.009%
3.5 
ds. The transition required the 
2007
21.2
14.1
$’000
9,813
9,107
113,911
53,418
17,183
43,310
14,279
lost time from injuries   or accidents
data transfers from the  Water Resources Archive  made to more than 35  agencies in the past year (4000% more than last year)
2008
17.9
12.8
$’000
120,671
55,536
15,127
50,008
14,309
10,095
13,985
9.8
7.1
2009
$’000
9,050
6,011
120,438
58,883
14,121
47,434
21,187
7.0
5.2
2010
$’000
9,550
4,497
127,917
65,646
16,682
45,589
29,985
New Zealand still faces significant  economic challenges, because recovery  from the global recession is far from  over. We expect business conditions   to be difficult over the coming year,   and will monitor our costs and  investments accordingly. 
During the past year our staff  responded well to the need for cost  cutting, yet remained responsive to our  customers’ ongoing expectations for  high quality, cost-effective research  and applied science services. We thank  them for their commitment and efforts.
Thank you also to the NIWA Executive  Team and Board for responding  appropriately to the challenges of the  past year, and providing the guidance  and support that led the organisation to  one of its most successful years ever.  The following pages highlight some of  this year’s successes.   
John Morgan  Chief Executive
CHAIRMAN & CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REPORT
advanced to the stage where  the next step is the sharp end of  commercialisation – production   and marketing.
This year we have also identified and  invested in upgrading our capability  and commercial focus in three  other areas – freshwater, climate  forecasting, and ocean development.  The first two are well underway, but the  third is our newest frontier; applying  research to working out how to benefit  from, and preserve, a massive natural  resource – our oceans. New Zealand  is surrounded by the fourth largest  economic zone in the world. It is wide  and deep, it is the single largest factor  in our climate (which affects our land  resource), and it is filled with minerals,  food, and latent energy generation.   New Zealand is already a world leader  in oceanography. So the step up in  research knowledge, capability, and  application is not only smart business,  it is very achievable.  
Difficult conditions ahead
As confident as we are about the  opportunities for NIWA to contribute  to the economic and environmental  wealth of our country in the years  ahead, we are mindful that  
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
Total revenue (includes interest income)
– Public good science
– Ministry of Fisheries
– Commercial and other
Net profit before tax
Net profit after tax
Capital expenditure
Adjusted return on average equity (%)
Return on average equity (%)
The Group changed their accounting policies on 1 July 2007 to comply with New Zealand international financial reporting standar statement of comprehensive income to be translated into NZIFRS for the year ended 30 June 2007 which is shown above. The ‘adjus uses a valuation basis comparable to other Crown Research Institutes. 
6 | 

 | 9 
2010
2010
2010
2009
2009
2009
2008 
2008 
2008 
2007
2007
2007
Translated
Net surplus
Personnel expenditure
Translated
Translated
Capital expenditure
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
2007
2007
2007
Previous 
NZGAAP
Previous 
NZGAAP
Previous 
NZGAAP
2006
2006
2006
Previous 
NZGAAP
Previous 
NZGAAP
Previous 
NZGAAP
($) in millions
60
50
40
5
0
0
($) in millions
30
25
20
15
10
($) in millions
8
6
4
2
12
10
 
1.2
1.6
2008–09
0.9
1.1
2009–10
Net surplus
This financial year the NIWA Group 
achieved a net surplus of $4.5 million 
(2009: $6.0 million) against a budgeted  
net surplus of $4.9 million. 
The result reflects NIWA’s success in 
generating revenue, balanced against the 
relatively high fixed labour component 
of our cost structure and our decision 
to continue to invest for future growth 
(through major capital expenditure)  
despite tight economic times. 
2010 includes $2.2 million of unexpected 
taxation expense from the 2010 
Government budget changes. 
Dividend 
NIWA has a track record of returning 
healthy dividends to its shareholder  
(the Government of New Zealand) without 
compromising investment in scientific 
research. Being two years through a major 
three-year capital expenditure programme, 
NIWA did not make a dividend payment in 
2009–10. 
Profitability
NIWA continues to be a profitable company. 
Our return on equity this year was 5.2%.  
On the basis of comparable valuations to 
other Crown Research Institutes (CRIs), 
NIWA’s return on equity was 7.0%.  
NIWA’s return on equity based on 
underlying profit (prior to adjustment for 
the 2010 Government budget changes for 
tax treatment) was 7.6%. These results are 
in line with the expectations agreed with 
our shareholder.
Liquidity
NIWA has healthy liquidity, with greater 
assets than liabilities, in line with  
budget expectations.
Current ratio
Quick ratio
.
Tangaroa
“Our financial strength and flexibility enable us to deliver excellent 
applied science.” Kate Thomson, Chief Financial Officer
strengthen infrastructure and equipment 
to rapidly advance NIWA’s science
improve the work environment and 
facilities for NIWA staff
pursue commercialisation opportunities.
 
Expenditure
Personnel
Our employees are fundamental to  
NIWA’s earnings, and that is reflected in 
our investment in staff. Even though our 
overall staff numbers remained relatively 
static during 2009–10, the average 
remuneration per staff member continued 
to rise at a faster rate than New Zealand 
inflation. This is a very deliberate strategy. 
In line with the strategy to increase pay to 
staff during 2009–10, a salary increase of 
3.5% was paid to all staff and additional 
monies were spent in specific areas to 
more closely align NIWA with market rates. 
Furthermore, in 2009–10 each eligible  
full-time equivalent staff member received 
a one-off, yet enduring, payment as a 
profit-share buy-back; this represented  
a further 3.6% increase in personnel costs. 
Capital
2009–10 was the second of a planned 
three-year $60 million capital expenditure 
programme designed to:
• 
• 
• 
Despite the recession, the company has 
continued this investment. This year we 
spent a record $30 million on capital  
items, including a high performance 
computing facility at NIWA Wellington  
and the beginning of the retro-fit work  
for RV 
Total asset base
Average shareholders’ equity at  
30 June 2010 totalled $86.9 million  
(2009: $84.5 million). Total average assets 
were $121.4 million at 30 June 2010  
(2009: $114.6 million).  
More information
The audited financial statements of the National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and 
Group for the financial year ended 30 June 2010 can be found on pp. 28–57 of NIWA’s Annual Report 
2010, or at www.niwa.co.nz/pubs/ar. 
This financial summary is not part of NIWA’s audited accounts. All figures here relate to the NIWA 
Group as a whole, unless otherwise stated. 
On 1 July 2006, the Group changed its accounting policies to comply with the New Zealand 
International Financial Reporting Standards (NZ IFRS). Where applicable, we show the figures for 
2006–07 both as originally reported (NZ GAAP) and ‘translated’ according to the new standards. 
2010
%
41%
14%
11%
 6%
 10%
10%
  9
  7%
  5%
  5%
  5%
  5%
  4%
  3%
  3%
  3%
  2%
    
         6%
           
           
    
2009
               13%
gy 
Freshwater 15%
Fisheries 13%
Oceans 11%
Biodiversity 
& Biosecurity 
Environmental 
Information 
Atmosphere 
Aquaculture 
& Biotechnology 
Climate 
Coasts 
Vessels 
Hazards 
International 
Maori 
Development 
Product sales 
Ener
2008 
Foundation for 
Research, Science 
and Technology  
Central 
government 
Ministry of 
Fisheries  
Other sales  
Capability funding 
Local government  
Private sector  
41%
13%
11%
2007
(includes interest income)
Translated
Revenue by national centre
Revenue by source
15%
10%
2007
14%
Previous 
NZGAAP
2%
6%
3%
9%
Total revenue 
3%
2006
6%
Previous 
NZGAAP
3%
13%
7%
0
4%
80
60
40
20
5%
5%
($) in millions
140
120
100
10%
5%
11%
5%
As I signaled last year, NIWA’s cost 
structure is not elastic. Our costs are 
rightly bound up in our staff, and we 
continue to pursue a policy of lifting  
staff remuneration wherever we can. 
NIWA is a knowledge-based organisation 
competing for highly skilled people in 
a global marketplace, and that poses 
financial challenges. 
Despite this note of caution, however,  
NIWA continues to be a high performing 
Crown Research Institute. Our financial 
strength and flexibility enable us to 
maintain and develop the nation’s scientific 
capability, and contribute to New Zealand’s 
economic improvement by delivering 
excellent applied science.  
Kate Thomson 
Chief Financial Officer
Revenue
Remarkably, in the face of the global 
financial crisis, NIWA increased its 
revenue. In 2009–10, NIWA’s total revenue 
was $127.9 million (2009: $120.4 million). 
The proportion of NIWA’s revenue from its 
main sources remains reasonably stable. 
Science staff had another successful year 
in winning public good science funding, 
with revenue rising from $58.9 million 
in 2008–09 to $65.6 million in 2009–10. 
Overall, this represented 51% of NIWA’s 
revenue in 2009–10. This comprises 
contestable research funding from the 
Foundation for Research, Science and 
Technology (41%; $53 million), and 
capability funding from the Ministry  
of Research, Science and Technology  
(10%; $12 million).
NIWA’s second largest single source 
of revenue was contestable fisheries 
research contracts from the Ministry of 
Fisheries (13%; $16.7 million). This year, 
NIWA recouped approximately $2 million 
in lost revenue through a vessel charter 
postponed from 2008–09. 
The remainder of NIWA’s revenue  
(36%; $45.4 million) largely consisted  
of commercial consultancy work. 
Commercial revenue was down on  
last year ($46.8 million). 
 takes our flagship 
Tangaroa
FINANCIAL SUMMARY
total revenue of $127.9 million  
(including interest income)
operational expenditure of  
$118.2 million
underlying net profit (before one-off 
adjustment for Government budget tax 
changes) of $6.7 million
net profit after tax of $4.5 million.
Highlights
2009–10 was a tough year for most 
businesses. NIWA began the year 
cautiously, focusing on staff retention and 
maintaining capability for the long haul. 
In other areas of operational spend we 
trimmed our planned spending because 
we expected the financial situation to be 
extremely tight. Compared with 2008–09, 
we budgeted to earn slightly less (total 
budget revenue: $119.2 million) and to 
spend slightly more (total budget operating 
expenditure: $112.1 million). 
This prudent planning, and other revenue 
initiatives, however, meant that by the end 
of the year we were ahead of budget on 
revenue, and almost meeting budget on 
profit. Our key financial achievements for 
2009–10 were:
• 
• 
• 
• 
The unexpectedly high income reflects 
NIWA’s success at winning public good 
science funding, strenuous efforts by 
our senior staff to chase every dollar of 
appropriate commercial revenue, and 
the ‘timing’ effect of the deferment of a 
fisheries research survey from 2008–09  
to this year.
Our results are impressive given the 
gloomy economic context, but the year 
ahead will be a challenge and not an easy 
one. During the later half of 2009–10 
we began to see the budgets of many 
of our key clients, especially in central 
government, under pressure. We expect 
this to continue into 2010–11. 
In addition, we are in the third year 
and final year of a $60 million capital 
expenditure programme. In 2010–11 the 
refit of RV 
vessel out of action for almost five months. 
The company regards the retro-fit and the 
installation of a dynamic positioning system 
as essential investments for the future of 
New Zealand science, so we are taking a 
short-term hit for long-term gain. 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
8 | 

 | 11 
million
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
189
87
new or improved   products, processes,   and services
1.6  external requests for   information from our   National Climate Archive
visits from   overseas scientists
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ensuring that all operational activities and
assets comply with resource consents,
relevant environmental standards,
biosecurity and biodiversity regulations,
and permitting requirements
ensuring that all sampling and
experiments with live animals comply with
the Animal Welfare Act 1999
ensuring that all material waste
production and water use is minimised and
that we make maximum practical use of
recycling and electronic media
ensuring that energy consumption and
greenhouse gas emissions are compliant
and best cost-effective and efficient
practice for the activities they relate to
making use of environmental initiatives
introduced and supported by local
industries, councils, and community groups
encouraging our employees to take
positive actions to reduce the effects
of their activities on the environment.
helping others meet their environmental
responsibilities by providing objective
advice on the impacts of their activities and
solutions to mitigate those impacts
providing appropriate tools and training
for community groups and others to
implement environmental monitoring and
habitat rehabilitation projects
providing information on the nation’s 
unique aquatic biodiversity and threats  
to it, so that wise decisions can be made. 
Environmental responsibility
NIWA is committed to ensuring that we
take due care of the environment when
carrying out our activities. Whilst our science
contributes strongly to better environmental
outcomes for New Zealand, we do have
environmental effects when conducting that
science, and such effects must be minimised.
We need to encourage others to use our
knowledge to improve the environmental
outcomes they have responsibility for.
Ensuring our activities are
environmentally responsible
We are committed to:
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
Imparting our knowledge to others to
improve environmental outcomes
We are committed to:
• 
• 
• 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
“We are all committed to making a difference.” Dr Barry Biggs, General Manager, Operations 
listening to our customers
and understanding their needs
and expectations
proposing and delivering innovative
services and solutions
regularly informing customers of progress
and maintaining a ‘no surprises’ policy
providing deliverables on time, to budget,
and to agreed specifications
maintaining professional and
ethical standards
developing long-term relationships,
so that our customers’ success is
our success.
making fiscally responsible decisions and
maintaining NIWA’s short-and long-term
financial viability
ongoing investment in capital items that
enable us to conduct excellent science and
continue to generate revenue.
using our knowledge to help others derive
economic benefit from the efficient and
effective use of New Zealand’s natural
resources and infrastructure
providing solutions that reduce or
eliminate risks from natural or human-
induced environmental impacts on
economic activities
conducting technical and market
assessments of business opportunities
arising from our science, so that
investment risk is better understood
being open to joint ventures with the
private sector where this encourages
start-up of new economic activity
working collaboratively with other parts
of government to ensure that ‘first
adopters’ are appropriately supported
and that government investment is
aligned and effective.
Working with our customers
We are committed to:
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
Economic responsibility
NIWA is committed to operating with
financial discipline, so that we retain our
long-term viability and thus meet our core
purpose science responsibilities. NIWA’s
knowledge and expertise provides significant
opportunities for generating economic
benefit for New Zealand, and we have a
responsibility to ensure that it does.
Continuing to be financially viable
We are committed to:
• 
• 
Generating economic benefit for
New Zealand
We are committed to:
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
912
948
230
presentations on   technical information   and research results
hours of video conference
research collaborations with  overseas organisations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
- ,  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
hapu
 
 
- ori
 
- ori through training in
- ori organisations throughout
- ori research capabilityMa
- ori organisations
- ori are better enabled to
remuneration and rewards that fairly
reflect an individual’s contribution to the
organisation’s success
a professional, participative, and collegial
workplace where people are respected and
supported and enjoy being part of.
engaging positively with local communities
in which we are conducting our science,
explaining what we propose to do,
respecting local traditions and culture, and
keeping them informed of our results
supporting science education and
knowledge transfer to communities
(e.g., Kelly Tarlton’s, Science & Technology
Fairs, work placements, supervision of
postgraduates, educating community
environmental groups)
raising public awareness of the value
of science and innovation through public
talks, media interviews and releases,
our website, and sponsoring local
relevant events
transferring our knowledge to
stakeholders in a way that ensures
enduring benefits for communities
being an active member of the ‘science
community’, and collaborating with others
to provide a cohesive science system that
is effective and efficient
contributing to national policy development
and decision making, so that our expertise
benefits all New Zealanders and helps
New Zealand meet its obligations
as a global citizen.
developing and maintaining effective
long-term relationships with iwi, 
and other Ma
New Zealand
and capacity within NIWA and in our
partner Ma
sharing our knowledge and skills,
so that Ma
realise the potential of their resources
and exercise kaitiakitanga
increasing the capability of our staff to
interact with Ma
te reo and tikanga.
• 
• 
Working in the community
We are committed to:
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
Working in partnership with Ma
We are committed to:
• 
• developing 
• 
• 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
ORGANISATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY
that research undertaken by NIWA
should be undertaken for the benefit of
New Zealand
that NIWA should pursue excellence in all
its activities
that in carrying out its activities
NIWA should comply with any applicable
ethical standards
that NIWA should promote and facilitate
the application of the results of research
and technological developments
that NIWA should be a good employer
that NIWA should be an organisation that
exhibits a sense of social responsibility
by having regard to the interests of the
community in which it operates and
by endeavouring to accommodate or
encourage those interests when able
to do so.
a safe and healthy working environment
with zero harm
a work-life balance that maintains
job satisfaction
a working environment, including learning
and development opportunities, that
enables people to reach their full potential
suitable equipment, so that staff can do the
job that is asked of them
NIWA is committed to making a positive
contribution to New Zealanders’ well-
being. This commitment is reflected in
a set of guiding principles that cover our
social, economic, and environmental
responsibilities. We are dedicated to
continual improvement of our policies,
practices, and strategies that deliver on
these responsibilities.
NIWA is committed to the principles
of operation stated in Section 5 of the
Crown Research Institutes Act 1992,
which require:
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
Social responsibility
NIWA is committed to work practices,
operations, and science outcomes that
support its staff and the wider community.
Our approach is one of partnership and
inclusion to ensure that we incorporate
the interests of others in our activities,
communicate our science well, and maximise
societal benefits from our science.
Caring for our people
We are committed to providing:
• 
• 
• 
• 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
10 | 

**
2
2
 | 13 
Actual
CO
FTE**
FTE**
52.9%
712.2
2008–09  
travel to 
740 hours
Wellington 
than three 
15.3 tonnes/
294 kWh/m
14 797 kWh/
103 kg/FTE 
all recycling
168 kg/FTE 
solid waste
staff – 66% 
work using 
sustainable 
times/week
10 195 tonnes 
means more 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 by 
2010
2
2010
with 
70%
Target
(NIWA
2009–10  
Science)
to below
2006–07
2006–07 
by 2012 
per year
2003–04
emissions
emissions
levels by 
levels by 
reduction
reduction
for vessels
to 2006–07
Reduce to 
2010 and a 
compared 
300 hours 
in building 
June 2010
Reduction 
of energy 
per FTE by 
compared 
and paper 
Reduce total
and reduce

efficiency of 
5 kWh/m
10% by 2012 
50% by 2010
levels by 2010,
10% 
with 2006–07
Improvement 
consumption 
with 2006–07
20% 
in solid waste 
usage by 
compared 

2
2
CO
FTE
FTE
Actual
47.4%
699.96 650
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
2009–10
Data not 
948 hours
available
No survey 
16.9 tonnes/
262 kWh/m
12 860 kWh/
undertaken
11 810 tonnes 
) of research 2
Environmental responsibility
We have been improving the energy efficiency of our facilities and 
tools for almost a decade. The results have been heartening – 
keeping our energy use static even though our organisation’s size 
and capability has increased. We may have reached the point where 
we have achieved practical maximum energy efficiency. The targets 
will now be much harder to reach, especially with the addition of 
productive tools such as our new supercomputer.
Environmental responsibility
Total greenhouse gas emissions for 
NIWA Science (vehicle fleet, gas,  
electricity) and vessels
Total greenhouse gas emissions per 
FTE
Hours of video conference
Energy efficiency (kWh/m
buildings (compared to best in  
class standard)
Energy consumption per FTE
Recycling and solid waste production
Number of staff using alternative 
modes of transport 
Number of staff who believe  
sustainability is core to the NIWA ethos
Total staff FTEs  
(permanent and fixed term)
** Figure adjusted since first reported to enable year-on-year comparisons.
581
563
177
527
144
135
33
349
58
110  
537
10
74%
23%
65%

Actual
2008–09  
Annual 
$3.2 m
2008–09
(80 staff)
275 visits
See pp.8–9 
of NIWA’s 
No survey 
51 visitors
Report 2009
undertaken 
organisations
 
 
400
400
150
300
100
200
20
260
15
50
50
100
70%
20%
80%
Target
2009–10  
in client 
$1.5 m
observe an 
key sectors
No target set
NIWA based 
50% of clients 
improvement
relations with 
on surveys of 
 
83
624
912
66
449
26
52
20
304
39
230

83%
24%
70%
Actual
Report
longer  
2009–10
Data no 
collected
269 visits
$3.744 m
this Annual 
No survey 
undertaken 
in 2009–10
87 visitors
See pp.8–9 of 
Science outputs and collaboration  
(including international connectedness)
Commissioned reports to users*
Presentations on technical  
information and research results*
Publications on technical  
information and research results*
- papers in trade journals, magazines, 
series, or books
- conference papers and abstracts
- research monographs or books
- popular books/articles
- web-based publications
Peer-reviewed articles*
Keynote and plenary presentations*
Client profile (by revenue &  
national centre)
Client feedback
Number of representations on  
international committees
Number of collaborative formal links 
with overseas organisations
Number of international visits/visiting 
scientists
Value of international  
consultancy contracts
Number of significant  
interactions with companies  
and industry boards in NIWA’s key 
target sectors*
- percentage of significant companies 
with which NIWA had meaningful 
interactions
- percentage of significant companies 
with which NIWA was involved in  
decision making
- percentage of significant companies 
providing revenue
- number of positions on  
industry boards
* Measured for calendar year.
63
2217
Actual
84 500
2008–09  
900 000
1000
150
Target
80 000
2009–10  
200 000
87
1938
Actual
2009–10
1.6 million
3.5 million
External advice/services
Indicating the extent of the rise of public, institutional, and 
commercial interest in climate and water quality matters, demand 
for our free online data has had a massive increase. 
The targets were raised last year after a tripling from the year 
before. But even this adjustment did not sufficiently anticipate  
the growth.  
This year there were 1.6 million requests for data from our National 
Climate Database, 700 000 more requests than last year.
Even more astounding, there were 3.5 million requests for data 
from our water resources archive, an increase of over 4000% from 
last year. 
There was a slight rise in demand for information from our marine 
invertebrate collection, from 63 last year to 87 requests this year.  
In addition, scientists working with the collection registered  
13 550 new samples, modified 21 256 samples, and updated  
6836 identifications.
External advice/services
External requests for information from 
our nationally significant databases  
and collections*
National Climate Database
Water Resources Archive
NZ Freshwater Fish Database
Marine invertebrate collection  
and database
* Measured for calendar year.
Science outputs and collaboration
This year, we achieved large increases in mission-critical and 
income-producing science outputs. 
Commissioned reports continue to climb, up from 581 last year 
to 624 this year (seven percent increase). The number of peer-
reviewed articles was also up to over 300. 
Our staff gave 912 presentations on technical research, which is 
more than double the target. This reflects the effort of NIWA staff  
in varied interpretation and application of research and data.
Although we started the year looking to reduce operating costs,  
as revenue remained strong we approved more international 
travel by our scientists. The result was a total of 269 visits by our 
scientists overseas – against a target of 100. 
The overseas profile matched an increase in the value of 
international consultancy contracts, which climbed to $3.74 million 
from $3.2 million last year.
The downside of increased practical application of research  
and increased interaction with the wider science and commercial 
community has been a reduction in the number of articles for 
magazines, trade journals and popular books. 
1.2
1.6
9.8%
7.1%
7.5%
7.1%
0.1%
Actual
Actual
2008–09  
$120.4M
2008–09  
0.9
1.2
7.8%
5.7%
6.2%
5.9%
Target
Target
2009–10  
$119.2M
2009–10  
An annual 
initiatives 
allocation of 
up to $500k 
per year for 
sustainability 
0.9
1.1
7.0%
5.2%
7.8%
7.4%
Actual
Actual
2009–10
$127.9M
2009–10
$473,806
PERFORMANCE AGAINST STATEMENT   OF CORPORATE INTENT
to operate in a financially responsible manner so that sufficient 
operating funds are generated to maintain financial viability
to provide an adequate rate of return on shareholders’ funds
to operate as a going concern.
Financial performance measures
NIWA continues to fufill its financial obligations as specified in 
Section 5 of the Crown Research Institutes Act 1992. These are:
a) 
b) 
c) 
Revenue  
(total including interest income)
Current ratio
Quick ratio
Adjusted return on equity (using valua-
tion basis comparable to  other CRIs)
Return on average equity after tax 
Return on assets 
EBIT margin 
All figures in this table comply with the New Zealand International Financial  Reporting Standards.
Non-financial performance measures
NIWA has a strong commitment to organisational responsibility,  
as outlined on pp.10–11.
Corporate commitment
Despite the worst international and domestic financial conditions 
since the 1930s, NIWA considered it essential to our organisation’s 
purpose, and to our commercial value, that we stuck to our non-
financial performance goals. In this environment, critical among 
these goals is our commitment to staff and to innovation.  
Both factors are at the heart of NIWA’s products and services,  
and therefore are essential to our revenue. 
Corporate commitment
Board reporting and  
communication of commitment,  
sustainability one of core values
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
12 | 


 | 15 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
 ORGANISATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY SUMMARY
Daniel Hayward, NIWA
 
52
10
3
9
0
0
3
4
0
0
Actual
2008–09  
Actual
2008–09  
Total –135
-
50
10
0
1
1
2
10
5
0
0
Target
2009–10  
Target
2009–10  
3
1
71
0
0
 
 
12
5
0
0
Actual
2009–10
60 PhD 
15 MSc
Actual
2009–10
Total new 
Total new 
Total new 
products – 25
processes – 59
services – 105
Grand total –189 
Education
Supervising PhD and MSc students is an important contribution  
to the science sector and safeguards our own interest in access  
to qualified local staff. Therefore we committed to 75 students this 
year, 25 more than the target. This is a healthy sign for the  
science community. 
Education
PhD and MSc students supervised
Postdocs funded
Scholarships awarded
Number of external training  
courses run
Innovation
NIWA integrates innovation into the daily work of all staff, not only 
our commercialisation team. This year we created 25 new products, 
identified 59 totally new commercially saleable processes, and 
created 105 new services to offer to the market.
As we increase our pool of products and processes we hope to 
continue with this year’s record number of licensing arrangements. 
Innovation
Patents granted*
-  in New Zealand
-  overseas
Licensing arrangements  
entered into*
New or improved 
products, processes, and services
Joint ventures or formal associations
Spin-out companies formed*
Spin-off companies formed*
* Measured for calendar year. 
27
0
77
59
33 in 
6.3%
65%
Actual
536 in 
teams
60.5% 
NIWA.  
0.014
$2.9 m
0.61%
2008–09  
research 
research 
support
179 other
76% see 
439 days
Total  – 748
working for 
themselves 
working for 
NIWA in 12 
positive about 
months’ time
5
230  
30  
10
90
60
12%
5%
90%
400

Target

0.03%
2009–10  
Support
Support
20 Fixed 
maintain 

Term staff
a balance 
Technicians
40 Research 
110 General 
50% of staff 
are able to 
260 Scientists
Management
10 Postdocs

between their 
personal and 
working lives
No target set
19
0
55
20
39 in 
Actual
529 in 
teams
5.34%
0.93%
2009–10
0.009%
research 
research 
support
$2.75 m 
have an 
182 other 
57.1% of 
Average 
taken = 7 
Total – 750
shows that 
a balance 
Individual 
hours per 
employee
to maintain 
91% of staff 
Latest survey 
staff are able 
between their 
personal and 
working lives
Development 
Plan in place
training leave 
PERFORMANCE AGAINST STATEMENT   OF CORPORATE INTENT
Social and cultural responsibility 
Under direct pressure and threat from economic conditions  
we could have cut permanent staff numbers as many other  
New Zealand organisations did. As a caring employer, keeping staff 
is one of our highest priorities. So we first chose to cut other costs 
– which staff embraced bravely. As a result, staff turnover was only 
5.3%. This was less than half our target, less than last year, and 
up to four times less than the national average. Given the critical 
importance of staff to our capability, it was pleasing that turnover 
among ‘key staff’ was less than 1% – against a target of less  
than 5%.
Social and cultural responsibility
Staff composition 
Achievement of a desirable  
work-life balance
Value of financial benefits received 
by staff
Staff turnover
- key staff
Number of new jobs created
- main city centre
- rural areas
Staff development
- staff with personal  
development plans
- staff days allocated to  
personal development
Lost time from injuries/accidents
Number of incident/near-miss reports
Number of noho marae attendees
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
14 | 

 | 17 
on tuna management, and iwi liaison - 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
- nanga with hapu
Achievements
Assessed nutrient and ecosystem management tools for improving  water quality with Environment Canterbury
Included nutrient mitigation measures in catchment models
Tested novel wetland contaminant treatment methods for   urban stormwater
Hydrodynamic model and sedimentation dynamics studies with Auckland  and Northland regional councils
Study on sediment dynamics of central North Island coastal   harbours completed 
Biogeochemical models developed for regions of marine farm growth  and diversification
Supported development of hydrodynamic modelling code and ocean  colour algorithms
Completed analysis on tides, ocean chemistry and undersea volcanism
Contributed to Crown Minerals gas hydrate study
software upgraded and tested for catch per unit effort, catch at age  analysis and random station management
15 papers published in referred journals
Participated in Ministry of Fisheries Aquatic Environment research   planning and ecological risk assessments
2 papers published on traditional knowledge and climate change,   hazards and resources
3 joint training wa person recruited
Assessment report and business model developed for finfish culture in  Tai Tokerau
Iwi estuarine health toolkit and water balance framework for   catchment management developed with iwi
New techniques developed for in-situ exposure measurements   for transport and domestic environments
Micro-meteorological techniques developed to assess farm   greenhouse gas flux
Modelling applied to business-as-usual and oil   constrained scenarios
High resolution fluid flow model added to weather model to   forecast wind-farm scales
Provide briefings to Ministers and government agencies on climate  change science
15-day climate forecasts and evaporation information provided for   irrigation modelling
Enhance weather-generator models for use in regional climate   projections
Integrated hazard forecast models trialled on new IBM supercomputer
Linked weather and climate models to catchment models   to forecast water availability
11 sea-level sites and 3 coastal buoys supported
Prototype system developed and trialled by field teams
New system for web access to metadata developed
Hapuku and kingfish broodstock enhanced
Hapuku growth trials in sea cages completed
Culture feasibility of butterfish assessed
Scalable disease management techniques for juvenile fish   culture documented 
Researched native fish biosystematics and new pest fish   control techniques
Updated information database used to support classification system
Post-graduates supported to research control of two invasive   sea squirts
New guides for marine algae and invertebrates and specimen   collection access available via the web
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
- ori 
- ori 
- ori, through the provision of 
- tauranga Ma
- ori research capability through supporting publication of Ma
 Forecast
Establish project in Canterbury to test new water resource   management tools, in association with stakeholders
Improve tools for managing effects of land use on water quality   in rural catchments
Support skills in urban contaminant transport and green    technology treatment
Initiate project on coastal resource management tools, using the Kaipara  Harbour as a test-bed, in association with stakeholders
Support and enhance existing skills in coastal modelling and beach   sedimentation continue support for post-doctoral fellows in key core   skill areas
Develop skills in environmental studies on co-culture in marine farms
Support core skill bases in ocean modelling and satellite   data interpretation
Support the analysis of datasets from previous voyages
Commence collaborative study on Hikurangi margin clathrates 
Support the upgrade of core fisheries survey and analytical   software tools 
Support the publication of fisheries research in international journals
Conduct a gap analysis on fisheries-environment interactions research 
Build Ma based research in the scientific literature
Enhance capability in science transfer to iwi through recruitment of   appropriate skills in freshwater and ma
Assess opportunities in new species aquaculture as a result of iwi   settlements and RMA changes
Strengthen the links between NIWA and Ma support tools, training courses, and targeted research projects
Maintain and develop capability in air quality measurement   and modelling 
Develop new capability in agricultural emissions measurements   to support collaborative research projects
Maintain and enhance energy-scape modelling skills by applying   to various nationwide transport scenarios
Develop wind forecasting tools for use in the Electricity   Commission’s Wind Integration Project
Support collaboration on climate change advice through the NZ Climate  Change Centre
Contribute to Canterbury water resources project (see Freshwater)  through developing complementary climate information tools
Build capability in climate statistics and extreme analysis
Maintain and enhance weather, flood, and coastal hazard   forecasting capability
Contribute to Canterbury water resources project (see Freshwater)  through developing seamless suite of forecasting tools
Maintain sea-level and coastal buoy networks
Develop tools for real-time data quality assurance 
Improve provision of metadata on NIWA’s monitoring systems   to stakeholders
Maintain finfish broodstock for research and early industry start-up
Begin sea-cage trials on finfish aquaculture 
Conduct proof of concept trials on the next finfish species
Develop capability in finfish disease treatment
Maintain freshwater biodiversity and biosecurity capability at risk from  declining research time
Support the upgrade of the River Environment Classification to ensure its  integrity for ongoing use
Develop skills in control techniques for bio-incursions 
Improve web access to data and identification guides
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
Dr Rob Murdoch, General Manager, Research
- ori Development
“Capability funding is helping us preserve vital research capability and 
build New Zealand’s economic future.”
Areas of nationally  recognised expertise
Freshwater 
Coasts
Oceans
Fisheries
Ma
Atmospheric   Composition
Energy
Climate 
Hazards
Environmental  Information
Aquaculture   & Biotechnology
Aquatic Biodiversity  & Biosecurity
 
  Capabilities maintained, enhanced, or developed with Capability Fund, 2009–10
conduct a stakeholder-led collaborative process to recommend 
potential reform of the nation’s freshwater management
identify shared goals and outcomes for freshwater
identify the options to achieve these.
New fish health and nutrition trial units
Management of fish health is crucial to the future success of our 
aquaculture industry. As NIWA scientists work to breed high-value 
native finfish such as hapuku and yellowtail kingfish in captivity,  
a key part of that work is keeping them healthy. 
NIWA has constructed and commissioned two new research units 
to provide future support and R&D capability to the New Zealand 
aquaculture sector as it diversifies and develops. 
The first is a commercial scale nutrition trials unit at Bream Bay 
Aquaculture Park near Whangarei, set up to investigate such things 
as growth potential, feed conversion efficiency and nutrition trials to 
test new ingredients for aquafeeds.
Our newest unit, a fish health investigation and challenge facility at 
our Greta Point campus in Wellington, is designed to safely contain 
and study fish health and any issues involving their wellbeing.   
To support this unit we have a suite of microbiological and 
molecular (including genetic) tools allowing us to isolate and 
identify the causes of farmed fish health issues.
Each unit is directly engaged with companies servicing our existing 
aquaculture sector and also employed addressing aspects of our 
research under our FRST Programmes for High Value Aquaculture 
Species, High Performance Aquaculture Broodstock, and 
Sustainable Aquaculture programmes.
Land and Water Forum tech transfer 
The Government’s Land and Water Forum is a body of almost 60 
organisations that hold a stake in issues relating to the interactions 
with land and freshwater. 
Its mandate is to:
a) 
b) 
c) 
The year-long process that has been run through the Forum has 
involved the cultural, environmental, social, and economic aspects 
of New Zealand’s freshwater resources and there was an early 
recognition that science and knowledge would underpin many of  
the discussions. 
As the country’s leading research provider in freshwater, NIWA has 
played a role as a science advisor to the Forum throughout and  
also hosted a multi-agency water science workshop for  
Forum members.
%
18
39
15
19
9
939
 $’000
1,879
4,092
1,610
2,014
10,534
2008–09
(excl GST)
%
40
35
12
7
6
770
736
$’000
4,951
4,312
1,498
12,267
2009–10
(excl GST)
CAPABILITY FUNDING
Capability funding is provided to Crown Research Institutes (CRIs) 
through the Ministry of Research, Science and Technology to 
support and enhance long-term research capability.
Each CRI’s capability funding is based on its proportion of the 
total government research investment. In 2009–10, NIWA received 
$12.27 million (excluding GST) from this source, down from  
$10.53 million in 2008–09.
Over the past year we have devoted more funds to supporting our 
existing expertise and programmes, while maintaining or trimming 
funds in other categories.
Support core skill bases
Advance new areas of  
science & innovation
Transfer knowledge  
to end-users
Build future  
research capacity
Bridge the gap  
between research &  
commercialisation of  
new products
Total
Fisheries – development of the CASAL model
Getting a measure of the size of fish stocks is essential to ensuring 
New Zealand’s fishing resources are managed sustainably into the 
future. 
NIWA’s CASAL is a highly advanced software package developed  
to assess New Zealand’s fish stocks. By modelling the age structure 
of fish from catch and survey data, CASAL can estimate both the 
size and productivity of fish populations, and use these to predict 
future stock levels. 
And although most computer models can cope only with simplified 
data, CASAL’s ‘integrated modelling approach’ allows a much 
larger range of observations to be combined within a single model, 
producing a better informed stock assessment. CASAL also 
explicitly includes assumptions of uncertainty which can be used  
to evaluate and compare risks in determining future catch limits. 
CASAL is being used for more than a dozen species across  
New Zealand, including hoki, hake, ling, oreo, orange roughy, 
and Foveaux Strait oysters. It has also been used to assess the 
stocks of Antarctic toothfish in the Ross Dependency and to assess 
Patagonian toothfish around both Heard Island and South Georgia.
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
16 | 



 | 19 
 EXECUTIVE TEAM
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
Irene Van de Ven, NIWA
- ori 
- ori governance structures and 
Chris Mace (Chairman)
Chris Mace is an Auckland-based 
businessman. He chaired the Crown Research 
Institute ESR in the 1990s and later Antarctica 
New Zealand. He was a founding trustee of 
the Sir Peter Blake Trust and continues as 
a trustee of the Antarctic Heritage Trust. 
Chris was awarded a CNZM for services 
to Antarctica and the community and was 
appointed Chairman of NIWA in July 2009. 
Jason Shoebridge
Jason Shoebridge is the Managing Director of 
TNS New Zealand. Jason has led consulting 
assignments across a range of industries 
and disciplines in New Zealand and overseas. 
Prior to his consulting career, Jason held 
number of senior commercial and financial 
management roles internationally and in New 
Zealand in large corporates, as well as with 
an international chartered accounting firm. 
Craig Ellison (Deputy Chairman)
Craig Ellison is a director on several boards, 
including New Zealand Trade & Enterprise, 
as well as chairing the New Zealand Seafood 
Standards Council. Dunedin born and bred, 
Craig now lives in Wellington but also has 
commercial interests in Australia. He was 
deeply involved in the settlement of Ma
commercial fisheries claims and maintains an 
interest in Ma
resource management.
John Morgan (Chief Executive)
John joined NIWA as CEO in April 2007. 
He has extensive senior executive and 
governance experience in the science sector, 
including as CEO of AgriQuality Ltd, Executive 
Director of Orica New Zealand Ltd, and 
Chairman of New Zealand Pharmaceuticals 
Ltd. John is passionate about the role science 
can play in contributing to the prosperity of 
New Zealand’s economy and environment. 
John is also currently Chairman of Science 
New Zealand.
Dennis Cairns
Dennis Cairns farms a hill property in 
Southland. He has held management 
positions in the mercantile and meat 
industries and currently holds directorships 
on several private companies. Dennis was 
Board member and Chair of the Southland 
District Health Board from 2001 until 2008.  
He was also an executive member and Chair 
of DHBNZ before joining the NIWA Board. 
Helen Robinson
Helen is the Global Managing Director, 
Environmental Markets, for Markit Group 
Ltd, a financial services organisation 
headquartered in London. Helen has led  
many technology companies over the past 
20 years, including as CEO of Microsoft, 
NZ and as Vice President of APAC, Pivotal 
Corporation. Her directorships include NZ 
Business Excellence Foundation, Auckland 
Plus, and MGL Services NZ.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Dr Wendy Lawson
Dr Wendy Lawson is a glaciologist with a 
particular interest in the impacts of climate 
change and Earth systems. She has more 
than 25 years of remote field science 
experience in Arctic, Antarctic, and alpine 
regions. She is Head of the Department  
of Geography and Professor at the  
University of Canterbury, and serves on  
the Board of the Antarctic Research Centre  
at Victoria University. 
Ed Johnson
Ed Johnson, FInstD, is Chair of Fulton Hogan 
Ltd, Goldpine Industries Ltd, Indevin Ltd and 
Port Marlborough New Zealand Ltd, and a 
director of several entities. He retired as 
Chairman and CFO of Shell New Zealand 
in 2002. In 2001, Ed became the inaugural 
Honorary Fellow of Massey University’s 
Centre for Business and Sustainable 
Development and was made a Fellow of the 
New Zealand Institute of Directors in 2003. 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
18 | 

 | 21 | 21 
h’ 
ent.
eral, 
  
easonable 
 Institute of  
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
Ellison
Ellison
   Craig 
   Director
   Craig 
   Director
Mace 
Mace 
Parent and subsidiary companies
Interested transactions
Any business the NIWA Group has transacted in which a director has an interest has been carried out on a commercial ‘arms-lengt
basis. Any potential conflict is recorded and minuted in Board meetings.
Directors’ remuneration
Details of the directors’ remuneration are provided in the remuneration of directors section of the corporate governance statem
Use of company information by directors
Pursuant to Section 145 of the Companies Act 1993 there were no recorded notices from directors requesting to use company 
information received in their capacity as directors that would not otherwise have been available to them.
Share dealings
During the year no director purchased, disposed or had recorded dealings of any equity securities of the NIWA Group.
Directors’ loans
There were no recorded loans by the NIWA Group to any director.
The Board of the company is responsible for the preparation of these financial statements and the judgements used therein.
The Board of the company is responsible for establishing and maintaining a system of internal controls designed to provide r
assurance as to the integrity and reliability of financial reporting.
In the opinion of the Board, these financial statements fairly reflect the financial position and operations of the National
Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group for the year ended 30 June 2010.
Auditors
In accordance with Section 21(1) of the Crown Research Institutes Act 1992, the auditors, Deloitte on behalf of the Auditor-Gen
continue in office. Their audit remuneration and fees paid for other services are detailed in note 5 of the ‘Notes to the Group
Financial Statements’.
Interests register
The following are transactions types recorded in the interests register for the year.
The directors are pleased with the state of affairs of the NIWA Group.
For and on behalf of the Board:
Christopher 
Chairman 
27 August 2010
Statement of responsibility
The following statement is made in accordance with Section 155 of the Crown Entities Act (2004).
1. 
2. 
3. 
Christopher 
Chairman 
27 August 2010
1
7.1
9.8
7.1
7.5
1.2
1.6
36
74
2009
$’000
9,050
6,011
84,465
up) 
Actual
120,438
111,353
114,559
d  
 range  
d private 
f $4.9 million. 
lion at  
2
SCI
5.9
7.8
5.7
6.2
0.9
1.2
36
73
2010
$’000
6,517
4,862
119,234
112,141
114,827
84,991
61
7.4
7.0
5.2
7.8
0.9
1.1
44
72
2010
9,550
4,497
Actual
$’000
127,917
118,240
121,374
86,890
REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS TO THE SHAREHOLDERS
The directors take pleasure in presenting the National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd (NIWA) and Group (NIWA Gro
Annual Report for the financial year ended 30 June 2010.
Business activities
The NIWA Group provided scientific research and consultancy services in New Zealand and overseas during the financial year.  
In New Zealand, services were provided to the Foundation for Research, Science and Technology, the Ministry of Fisheries, and a
of other public and private sector customers. Internationally, services were provided by NIWA and its subsidiaries to public an
sector customers predominantly in the USA and Australia.
Results
This financial year the NIWA Group achieved a net surplus of $4.5 million (2009: $6.0 million) against a budgeted net surplus o
This was achieved on a turnover of $127.9 million (2009: $120.4 million), against budgeted revenue of $119.2 million.
Average shareholders’ equity at 30 June 2010 totalled $86.9 million (2009: $84.5 million). Total average assets were $121.4 mil
30 June 2010 (2009: $114.6 million).  
Group actual performance versus Statement of Corporate Intent (SCI)
Years ended 30 June
Total revenue (includes interest income)
Operating expenses, depreciation, and amortisation
Operating surplus before tax
Net surplus
Average total assets
Average shareholders’ funds
Profitability
EBIT margin (%) (EBIT/revenue)
Adjusted return on average equity after tax (%) (net surplus/adjusted average equity)
Return on average equity after tax (%) (net surplus/average equity)
Return on assets (%) (EBIT/average total assets) 
Liquidity and efficiency
Current ratio
Quick ratio
Financial leverage
Debt to average equity (%)
Gearing (%)
Proprietorship (%) (shareholders’ funds/total assets)
Donations
Donations of $8,677 were made during the year (2009: $8,180).
Dividends
No dividend payments (2009: $5.6 million) were made to the Government of New Zealand (the Crown) as the sole shareholder. 
Directors
The appointments of Christopher Mace and Jason Shoebridge to the Board of Directors on 1 July 2009 were the changes to the Boar
of Directors for the year ended 30 June 2010. 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
20 | 

1
1
1
1
1
1
1


√*

 | 23 | 23 
Committee
Remuneration 
Unidata Pty Ltd
 
√*






5
5
5*
5
Audit  
Committee
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
Research Institute
NIWA Environmental 
12
11
11
10
12
12
12
Board
 
√*
Pty Ltd
NIWA Australia 
Appointment  
term expires
30 June 2011
30 June 2011
30 June 2011
30 June 2012
30 June 2012
30 June 2012
30 June 2013
 
√*
√√
√√
√√
√√
√√
√√
 
Date of 
NIWA Vessel 
1 July 2008
1 July 2008
1 July 2006
1 July 2009
1 July 2009
1 July 2007
appointment
9 June 2005
Management Ltd
1
2
3
2
Membership and attendance
Director
Director representing minority interest. Management members of the parent company. Management member of Unidata Pty Ltd.
Ed Johnson 
Dennis Cairns
Helen Robinson
Wendy Lawson
Christopher Mace (Chairman)
Jason Shoebridge
Craig Ellison (Deputy Chairman)
* The Chairman is an ex-officio member of the Audit Committee.
Membership of subsidiary Boards
Director
Christopher Mace 
Craig Ellison
Dennis Cairns
Ed Johnson
Helen Robinson
Jason Shoebridge
Wendy Lawson
Bryce Cooper
David Saunders
Kate Thomson
Matt Saunders
* Chairman.
1
2
3
 
We are committed to ensure that best practice governance
principles and ethical standards are upheld and applied consistently.
This governance statement outlines the main corporate governance 
practices as at 30 June 2010. Unless otherwise stated, they reflect 
the over-arching practices in place throughout the financial year 
ending on that date.
Key elements of effective governance
An effective board has a balance of independence, skills, 
knowledge, experience, and perspectives.
Board composition and activity
Shareholding Ministers appoint Board members under the Crown 
Entities Act 2004 and the Board are required to meet the same 
obligations as directors of private sector companies.
Board directors are selected and appointed on the basis of their 
skills and experience. Additionally the balance of these skills and 
experience is required to match the strategic direction and needs  
of the NIWA Group.
Appointment of directors is for a term of up to three years. 
Directors may be reappointed for a second term of up to three 
years, although this is not automatic, with Ministers basing their 
decision on the Group’s needs. Both the Chair and Deputy Chair  
are appointed by the Shareholding Ministers.
During the financial year ended 30 June 2010, the Board comprised 
seven independent non-executive directors (including the Chair). 
The directors’ profiles are presented on page 18. Board meetings 
are held monthly. The Board met formally twelve times during the 
financial year.
 with the 
 with an emphasis  
 which include a delegated 
 that promotes transparency, fairness, 
to promote our responsible ethical 
strategic approach and direction
external auditors
 that has a balance of independence, skills, 
policies and procedures
effective 
audit and legislative committee
disclosure and effective communication
code of conduct 
internal control framework
management of risk
enforced 
effective board
proactive 
remuneration committee
sound 
relevant 
knowledge, experience, and perspectives
input to the company’s 
on internal audit
and reasonableness;
behaviour
authority framework
public, our shareholders, and our stakeholders.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT
Approach and principles to corporate governance
We strongly believe as a company and as a Board of Directors  
(‘the Board’) that corporate governance is of fundamental 
importance no matter what the economic or financial climate.
Doing the right things for our shareholders and stakeholders  
by applying our highest standards to ensure compliance is not  
an exercise in ticking boxes.
We strive for continuous improvement to ensure we achieve  
full and fair transparent disclosure to the public, stakeholders,  
and shareholders so they are provided with relevant, reliable,  
and complete information.
Our corporate governance deals with how the NIWA Group is 
directed and controlled to ensure good ethical behaviour and 
promote shareholders’ interests in a sustainable way. In particular, 
corporate governance applies to the role of the Board and the need 
to ensure a framework of effective accountability and transparency. 
Our key elements of effective governance are:
• an 
• 
• a 
• a 
• a 
• a 
• clear, 
• effective 
• independent, 
• transparent 
The NIWA Group is a Crown Research Institute, established under 
the terms of the Crown Research Institutes Act 1992 and the Public 
Finance Act 1989, and all shares are held by the Minister of Finance 
and the Minister of Research, Science and Technology on behalf of  
the Crown. 
The Board’s authority and accountability is based upon the two acts 
noted above and the Statement of Corporate Intent (SCI). The SCI 
is produced annually, and sets out the Board’s strategic objectives, 
specific goals, and performance targets. The SCI is submitted to the 
Shareholding Ministers for acceptance.
For Crown Research Institutes, the Crown Ownership Monitoring 
Unit (COMU) issues an ‘Owner’s expectations manual’ to assist 
boards to operate efficiently in their roles and to clarify their 
responsibilities. In particular it takes account of expectations of 
the board members of a company owned by the Crown, as opposed 
to private or publicly listed companies. The manual focuses on 
governance, reporting, and their role and responsibilities in general 
rather than operational activities.
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
22 | 

36
17
12
6
3
3
2
3
4


1
1


1
1
1
2009
 | 25 | 25 
 
35
23
14
10
3
3
5
2
3
4
2


1
1

2
1
2010
 
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
compliance with laws and regulations
that all transactions are properly accounted for to allow the 
preparation of the financial statements
that assets are safeguarded against improper or unauthorised use.
The numbers of employees (not including directors) whose 
total remuneration exceeded $100,000 is: 
Group 
$
100,000–109,999
110,000–119,999
120,000–129,999
130,000–139,999
140,000–149,999
150,000–159,999
160,000–169,999
170,000–179,999
180,000–189,999
190,000–199,999
200,000–209,999
210,000–219,999
220,000–229,999
230,000–239,999
250,000–259,999
260,000–269,999
270,000–279,999
550,000–559,999*
* Chief Executive Officer’s remuneration band.
A sound internal control framework
An internal control framework is essential to ensure that there are 
controls in place to mitigate significant business risk. The internal 
control framework is embedded across the NIWA Group and is clearly 
understood and reinforced by management through the documented 
policies and procedures which are regularly reviewed.
The framework is effective in ensuring:
• 
• 
• 

45
36
36
36
36

72
36
2009
$’000
     
72
45
36
36

36
36

36
2010
$’000
we have the right people
we produce high quality science
we challenge and reward staff.
Primarily the annual review is a tool to help boards to analyse their 
performance and identify any areas where performance could 
be improved. The review assists to provide input into the Chair’s 
succession planning and identification of director training needs.
Boards are additionally reviewed as a whole through a set of 
performance measures on an ongoing basis.
Directors’ remuneration received or due and receivable 
during the year is:
Parent
Directors of the National Institute of Water   & Atmospheric Research Ltd
Christopher Mace (Chairman) (appointed 1 July 2009)
Craig Ellison (Deputy Chairman) 
Dennis Cairns 
Ed Johnson
Graham Hill (resigned 30 June 2009)
Helen Robinson 
Jason Shoebridge (appointed 1 July 2009)
Sue Suckling (resigned 30 June 2009)
Wendy Lawson 
No fees were paid in respect of directors of the subsidiaries NIWA 
Vessel Management Ltd, NIWA Environmental Research Institute, 
NIWA Australia Pty Ltd, NIWA Natural Solutions Ltd, EcoConnect Ltd, 
and Unidata Pty Ltd, other than those shown above.
Remuneration of employees
The NIWA Group aims to provide a skills-influenced remuneration 
system that rewards people appropriately, recognising contribution  
to the business and individual performance.
Our remuneration system supports our business plan and values:
• 
• 
• 
Our remuneration system will continue to be upgraded and reviewed 
as required to meet the NIWA Group’s and employees’ needs.
Remuneration packages for all employees are reviewed with due 
regard to performance and other relevant factors.
audit
reporting.
independence – all of the members are independent of the  
executive team, therefore they are able to provide objective and 
impartial advice
competence – the members have the required skills and experience 
to serve on the committee
clarity of purpose – the role and purpose of the committee is clearly 
defined and linked to risk management
open and effective relationships – the committee believes  
in and encourages open and transparent communication with  
all management, employees, stakeholders, and internal and  
external auditors. 
legislative and regulatory compliance
the risk management framework
the internal control environment
internal audit and assurance
A proactive audit and legislative committee with an 
emphasis on internal audit
Audit and Legislative Compliance Committee  
(‘Audit Committee’)
The Audit and Legislative Compliance Committee is a sub-
committee of the Board. During the financial year, the Audit and 
Legislative Compliance Committee comprised three members of 
the Board and met formally five times with the NIWA Chair as an 
ex-officio member.
Four main principles underlie the effectiveness of the  
Audit Committee:
• 
• 
• 
• 
The core responsibilities of the Audit Committee include:
• 
• 
• 
• 
• external 
• financial 
Our Audit Committee is enhanced by regular scheduled meetings, 
with prearranged dates and written agendas, papers, and minutes 
which incorporate an action list.
A Remuneration Committee that promotes transparency, 
fairness, and reasonableness
The Remuneration Committee is comprised of all Board members.
The Remuneration Committee reviews the remuneration policies 
applicable to the Chief Executive Officer on an annual basis and 
makes recommendations on remuneration packages and terms  
of employment to the Board. The Remuneration Committee also 
ratifies the remuneration packages of the direct reports to the  
Chief Executive Officer. 
Remuneration packages are reviewed with due regard to 
performance and other relevant factors.
Directors’ remuneration is annually reviewed and approved by the 
Shareholding Ministers.  Remuneration is set at levels that are fair 
and reasonable in a competitive market for the skills, knowledge,  
and experience required by the NIWA Group.
 
objectives
risks
reviewing and approving major strategies for achieving objectives
reviewing and approving capital investments
ensuring compliance with statutory requirements
providing leadership in the relationship with key stakeholders
determining the overall policy framework within which the business 
is conducted 
establishing appropriate governance structures
monitoring management’s performance with respect to  
these matters.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT
Responsibilities of the Board and management
The Board of the NIWA Group are responsible for managing the 
business and the affairs of the Group as stated within the  
Companies Act.
The NIWA Group is a Crown entity and the Board differs in some 
respects from a board of a privately owned company. For example,  
all operation decisions must be in accordance with the company’s 
SCI.
The responsibilities of the Board include but are not limited to:
• establishing 
• 
• managing 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
The Board delegates management of the day-to-day affairs and 
management responsibilities of the NIWA Group to the Chief 
Executive Officer (CEO) who, with the support of his executive team, 
delivers the strategic direction and goals determined by the Board.  
A formal delegations authority framework establishes the 
operational and expenditure delegations within which the CEO must 
operate.
Director development
A sector-specific induction programme is conducted for all new 
directors by COMU. A formal induction into all aspects of the NIWA 
Group is provided by the Chair and management representatives.
All directors are responsible for keeping up to date their knowledge 
of the legal and professional duties of Board members.
Ongoing professional development is agreed between the directors 
and the Chair as part of the annual review process.
Directors’ insurance
The NIWA Group has arranged policies for directors liability 
insurance which, with a deed of indemnity, ensures that generally 
directors will incur no monetary loss as a result of lawful actions 
undertaken by them as directors. Certain actions are specifically 
excluded; for example, incurring penalties and fines which may be 
imposed in respect of breaches of the law.
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
24 | 

 | 27 | 27 
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
Governance achievements
The internal audit function has grown from its infancy when it was 
first introduced in 2007–08 to delivering four robust and clear 
reports to the Audit Committee throughout 2009–10. 
A thorough and robust banking facility review was completed  
during the 2009–10 year with a full tender process conducted.  
This resulted in a preferred institution being awarded NIWA’s 
banking arrangements and provided NIWA with assurances that  
our expectations and requirements would continue to be exceeded.
During the 2009–10 year the delegated authorities document was 
completely revised, reviewed, and reconfigured to ensure the 
document met NIWA’s requirements for all revenue, expenditure, 
and contract authorisation.
Our employees are the core ingredient of NIWA’s success. 
Interactions between staff and the Board are valuable in assisting 
the Board to remain up to date with our science, people, and 
activities. By holding Board meetings and luncheons at NIWA 
Group’s various locations, the Board’s visibility has increased.
  
Transparent disclosure and effective communication with 
the public, our shareholders, and our stakeholders
Effective communication underpins the trust relationship among 
the shareholders, the Board, management, and stakeholders. 
As expressed in the owner’s expectations manual, all Crown entities 
should engage with stakeholders to assist with the Government’s 
industrial, environmental, and social development objectives, 
particularly for science and innovation to raise productivity and  
add value. To achieve this we build on existing knowledge, develop 
new knowledge, and transfer this knowledge for the benefit of  
New Zealand.
Details of how the NIWA Group transfers our knowledge to 
the public, end users, and our peers, are contained within the 
non-financial performance measures section. Examples of this 
transfer of knowledge include the access of information on our 
free databases, presentations of work from scientists to users and 
peers, reports to users, and sponsorships of various science fairs.
Our direct customers are those who fund our research and applied 
science services. The Government is our largest customer, but we 
also conduct research for, and provide advice and information to, 
many others, ranging from international conglomerates to local 
commercial fishers and schools. 
Most of our research and applied science is aimed at addressing 
issues which are relevant to the general public – the sustainability 
of our society and civilisation. 
Each year an operating framework is issued to Crown Research 
Institutes and is the cornerstone document in which Shareholding 
Ministers communicate their yearly expectations.
From the operating framework, the Board develops a Statement 
of Corporate Intent (SCI) which Shareholding Ministers need to 
approve before it is tabled in Parliament and becomes a public 
document. Shareholding Ministers are then accountable for the 
performance against the SCI to Parliament. 
The NIWA Group reports quarterly against its SCI to the COMU, 
yearly to Treasury, and half-yearly and yearly reports are generated 
for shareholders and stakeholders.
The NIWA Group reports annually to Parliament on its performance 
in its half-yearly and annual report. Quarterly progress reports 
are also prepared for Shareholding Ministers and performance 
is measured against the objectives in the SCI. This continuous 
disclosure is a major contributor to the high standard of information 
provided to our shareholders.
Effective management of risk
Risk-averse governance is not necessarily good governance. 
Effective risk management is the key to success. Each director 
requires a clear understanding of the current and potential risks 
the NIWA Group may be exposed to, especially in the ever-changing 
economic environment. 
Risk management has been incorporated into the normal business 
processes of the NIWA Group, with practices such as business 
planning and budgeting, operational management, and project 
management. Appropriate processes are regularly verified by the 
Board to identify and manage potential and relevant risks.
The Board reviews the delegations authority framework which sets 
authorities for operational and expenditure delegations, including 
authority for undertaking treasury activities of the NIWA Group. 
Regardless of the terms of the delegated authority, ultimate 
responsibility rests with the Board.
The Audit Committee receives reports on internal audit and risk 
management reviews. The committee also meets with the external 
auditors to discuss findings and management’s comments from the 
annual audit.
Independent, effective, external auditors
The appointment of auditors to conduct statutory audit work,  
and the annual audit fees, are approved annually by the  
Auditor-General.
The Board and the auditors are jointly responsible for ensuring that 
the audit is conducted with independence, integrity, and objectivity.
Rotation of audit partners promotes independence and objectivity. 
Audit partners are rotated every six years; the 2007–08 and 2008–09 
years had an audit partner change.
To ensure the independence of the external auditors, NIWA does not 
consult the external auditor for tax or management related services 
and takes care not to make use of the external auditors for any 
work which they may need to evaluate as part of the external audit.
perform to the best of their ability, and be committed to a high 
quality of work performed in a safe manner
take the initiative and be creative in resolving problems, seeking 
improved productivity, and responding to opportunities within areas 
of responsibility
make decisions and be responsible for those decisions and the 
actions that flow from them
be supportive of their work teams
treat staff and equipment with care and respect.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT
A relevant code of conduct to promote our responsible 
ethical behaviour
The reputation and standing of the NIWA Group is determined 
to a large degree by public perception of the conduct of its staff 
(including the Board and management). We promote the highest 
standards of integrity, discretion, and ethical conduct. 
The NIWA Group encourages staff to:
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
It is expected that managers will guide staff in accordance with 
management’s philosophy, policies, and standards.
In making decisions about conflicts of interest, management 
are guided by the concepts of integrity, honesty, transparency, 
openness, independence, and good faith. Situations may not be 
clear-cut, and judgement is exercised when necessary on a case-
by-case basis.
Both employees and directors must disclose any financial, 
professional, or personal interests (direct or indirect) that may 
create a conflict with the NIWA Group’s interests. We expect our 
employees and directors to be open and honest with disclosures.   
Clear, enforced policies and procedures which include  
a delegated authority framework
The effectiveness of the NIWA Group’s governance system  
relies on the defined ‘rules’ in which the NIWA Group operates.  
A comprehensive set of policies and procedures is located on our 
intranet which all employees have access to. It is important that 
these are documented, accessible, understood, and enforced, 
as they create the foundation of right and wrong in our business 
processes and activities. The policies and procedures are reviewed 
on a regular basis to ensure new developments and processes  
are reflected.
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
26 | 

23

 | 29 | 29 
(32)
Total  
equity
6,011
6,034
4,497
4,465
Total  
4,119
4,119
1,394
1,394
84,273
(5,649)
84,658
84,658
89,123
equity
75,924
(5,649)
74,394
74,394
75,788
––
26

23
23

49
49


(32)
(32)
17
4,119
4,119
1,394
1,394
51,125
(5,649)
49,595
49,595
50,989
Retained 
earnings
Foreign currency 
translation reserve
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 





Share  
capital
24,799
24,799
24,799
24,799
ancial statements.
49
18

18

67
67
27

27

94
interest
8
8–
Non-controlling 
Notes



5,993
5,993
4,470
4,470
59,399
(5,649)
59,743
59,743
64,213
Retained 
earnings








Share  
capital
24,799
24,799
24,799
24,799
8
8
Notes
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY for the year ended 30 June 2010
Group in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Balance at 1 July 2008
Profit for the year
Translation of foreign operations
Total comprehensive income
Dividends to equity holders
Balance at 30 June 2009
Balance at 1 July 2009
Profit for the year
Translation of foreign operations
Total comprehensive income
Dividends to equity holders
Balance at 30 June 2010
Parent in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Balance at 1 July 2008
Profit for the year
Total comprehensive income
Dividends to equity holders
Balance at 30 June 2009
Balance at 1 July 2009
Profit for the year
Total comprehensive income
Dividends to equity holders
Balance at 30 June 2010
The accompanying ‘Notes to the financial statements’ are an integral part of, and should be read in conjunction with, these fin
    




2009 
190
(417)
481
(11)
470
5,570
6,040
4,119
4,119
4,119
4,119
4,119
4,119
Parent
Actual
48,349
10,534
14,121
39,786
(9,985)
(1,921)
112,980
(52,144)
(44,864)
(97,008)
15,972
13



(92)
62
2010
(953)
154
5,311
5,372
1,394
1,394
1,394
1,394
1,394
1,394
Parent
Actual
53,379
12,267
16,682
37,641
(1,660)
(2,319)
119,982
(54,610)
(47,496)
17,876
(11,612)
(102,106)

193
23
18
18
(464)
490
(35)
455
Group
2009 
Actual
48,349
10,534
14,121
46,751
8,595
9,050
(3,039)
6,011
6,034
5,993
6,011
6,016
6,034
ancial statements. 
119,948
(57,345)
(41,989)
(99,334)
20,614
(11,555)




(235)
(576)
(576)
(47)
(47)
Group
2010 
7,093
6,517
(1,655)
4,862
4,862
4,909
4,862
4,909
4,862
Budget
51,760
12,267
16,018
39,189
119,234
(57,874)
(39,604)
(97,478)
21,756
(14,428)
13
55
27
27
(984)
182
(127)
(32)
Group
2010 
Actual
53,379
12,267
16,682
45,394
9,495
9,550
(2,838)
(2,215)
4,497
4,465
4,470
4,497
4,438
4,465
127,735
(60,959)
(42,623)
24,153
(13,674)
(103,582)
4
 
5
16
18
6
7
7
Notes
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Revenues and other gains
Public good science and technology
       Contract funding
       Capability Fund
Ministry of Fisheries
Commercial
Other gains
Total income
Operating expenses
Employee benefits expense 
Other expenses
Profit/(loss) before interest, income tax, depreciation,  and amortisation
Depreciation and impairment
Amortisation
Profit/(loss) before interest and income tax
Interest income
Finance expense
Net interest and other financing income
Profit/(loss) before income tax
Income tax credit/(expense)
Income tax credit/(expense) relating to the 2010 Budget changes
Profit/(loss) for the period
Other comprehensive income
Foreign currency translation differences for foreign operations
Total comprehensive income for the period
Profit/(loss) attributable to:
Parent interest
Non-controlling interest
Profit for the period
Total comprehensive income attributable to:
Parent interest
Non-controlling interest 
Total comprehensive income for the period
The accompanying ‘Notes to the financial statements’ are an integral part of, and should be read in conjunction with, these fin
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME for the year ended 30 June 2010
28 | 



28

 | 31 | 31 
2009
       –
1,022
2,094
1,360
1,033
4,686
1,195
Parent
Actual
68,631
12,709
       314
82,676
18,190
28,586
111,262

69
1

27
2010
803
703
406
1,401
1,194
4,048
1,578
Parent
Actual
76,193
12,709
90,478
16,309
24,963
115,441
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
37




314
886
Group
2009
       –            
Actual
84,287
3,099
1,380
4,686
2,264
84,638
18,472
30,787
ancial statements.
115,425
–            
–            






Group
2010 
1,000
2,141
4,098
2,282
Budget
95,798
95,798            
18,175
27,696
123,494
6

1


803
69
27
Group
2010 
Actual
99,552
2,396
16,510
1,299
4,138
2,549
100,431
26,919
127,350
16
18
19
21
15
22
23
15–––
Note
Ellison
   Craig 
   Director
Mace 
intangibles
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION as at 30 June 2010
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Property, plant, & equipment
Identifiable 
Investments
Receivables 
Prepayments
Forward exchange derivatives
Intercompany
Total non-current assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents 
Receivables 21
Prepayments
Taxation receivable
Uninvoiced receivables
Inventory
Intercompany
Forward exchange derivatives
Total current assets
Total assets
  The accompanying ‘Notes to the financial statements’ are an integral part of, and should be read in conjunction with, these fin
For and on behalf of the Board:
Christopher 
Chairman 
27 August 2010  

 
2009
638
650
       –
       –
       –
2,223
2,861
9,113
7,086
1,237
5,996
9,925 
Parent
Actual
24,799
49,595
74,394
74,394
        –
34,007
111,262



2010
625
643
3,732
4,357
8,874
5,528
5,905
1,277
6,668
6,303
Parent
Actual
24,799
50,989
75,788
75,788
        98
35,296
115,441
67

260
726
650
Group
2009
       –
       –
Actual
24,799
59,792
3,542
7,094
1,269
6,646
84,591
84,658
4,528
10,580
        –
26,239
ancial statements.
115,425
2
––––

6–––


285
827
Group
2010 
7,300
3,224
9,538
4,976
3,86
8,564 
       –
       –
Budget
24,799
60,113
84,912
84,914
11,636
26,944
123,494
94




279
727
98
Group
2010 
Actual
24,799
64,230
5,026
5,513
5,905
1,333
7,328
1,525
89,029
89,123
6,032
10,493
32,195
127,350
9
10
11
12
13
14
14
11
12
12
15
Note
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity
Share capital
Equity reserves
Shareholders’ interest
Non-controlling interest 
Total equity
Non-current liabilities
Unsecured loans
Borrowings
Provision for employee entitlements
Deferred tax liability
Forward exchange derivatives
Total non-current liabilities 
Current liabilities
Payables and accruals
Revenue in advance
Borrowings
Overdraft
Provision for employee entitlements
Accrued employee entitlements
Taxation payable
Intercompany
Forward exchange derivatives
Total current liabilities
Total equity and liabilities 
  The accompanying ‘Notes to the financial statements’ are an integral part of, and should be read in conjunction with, these fin
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION as at 30 June 2010
30 | 

 | 33 | 33 
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
New Zealand Improvements to International Financial Reporting Standards 
2010 (effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 July 2010, and 1 
January 2011).
whether total contract revenue could be measured reliably
the probability that economic benefits associated with the contract will flow  
to the Group
whether the contract costs to complete the contract and the stage of contract 
completion at balance date could be reliably measured
whether contract costs attributable to the contract can be clearly identified 
and measured reliably so that the actual contract costs incurred can be 
compared with prior estimates.
Basis of consolidation
• 
All standards and interpretations above are expected to be initially applied when 
they become mandatory.
With the exception of NZ IFRS 9, the directors anticipate that the above Standards 
and Interpretations will have no material impact on the financial statements  
of the Group or Parent in the period of initial application. It is likely that the 
changes arising from NZ IFRS 9 will affect the recognition and measurement,  
and classification of amounts recognised in the Group and Parent financial 
statements. However, it is not practical to provide a reasonable estimate of that 
effect until a detailed review has been completed.
Accounting judgements and major sources of estimation uncertainty
In the application of the Group’s accounting policies, the directors are required 
to make judgements, estimates, and assumptions about the carrying amounts 
of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The 
estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and 
other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from 
these estimates.
Judgements in applying accounting policies
The following are the judgements, apart from those involving estimations that  
the directors have made in the process of applying the entity’s accounting policies, 
and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in these 
financial statements.
Revenue recognition
In determining the revenue to be recognised in the year from the rendering 
of services, the directors have exercised their judgement in respect of the 
percentage of completion of contracts as outlined in policy (b).
In making their judgement, the directors considered:
• 
• 
• 
• 
Following review of the Group’s contract transactions the directors are satisfied 
that the above criteria have been met and the recognition of the revenue in the 
current year is appropriate, in conjunction with the recognition of an appropriate 
uninvoiced receivables/revenue in advance.
Major sources of estimation uncertainty
The following are the key assumptions concerning the future, and other major 
sources of estimation uncertainty at 30 June 2010, that have a significant risk of 
resulting in a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities 
within the next financial year.
Useful lives of property, plant, and equipment
As described in policy (l), the Group reviews the estimated useful lives of property, 
plant, and equipment at the end of each annual reporting period. 
Credit, interest, and currency sensitivity
As described in note 26, the Group is subject to credit, interest, and currency risks 
which will impact upon the Group’s assets and liabilities. The note details how the 
Group reduces this risk exposure.
Significant accounting policies
The following significant accounting policies have been adopted in the preparation 
and presentation of the financial reports and have been applied consistently to all 
periods, unless otherwise stated.
(a) 
The Group financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the 
company and entities (including special-purpose entities) controlled by the 
company (its subsidiaries). Control is achieved where the company has the power 
to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits 
from its activities.
improvements to New Zealand equivalents to International Financial 
Reporting Standards 2009 (effective for accounting periods beginning  
on or after 1 January 2010)
amendments to NZ IFRS 2 ‘Share-Based Payment’ – group cash-settled 
share-based payment transactions (effective for accounting periods beginning 
on or after 1 January 2010)
amendments to NZ IAS 32 ‘Financial Instruments: Presentation’ – 
classification of rights issues (effective for accounting periods beginning  
on or after 1 February 2010)
amendments to NZ IAS 24 ‘Related Party Disclosures’  
(effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2011)
New Zealand IFRS 9 ‘Financial Instruments’ (effective for accounting periods 
beginning on or after 1 January 2013)
New Zealand IFRIC 19 ‘Extinguishing Financial Liabilities with Equity 
Instruments’ (effective for accounting periods beginning on or after  
1 July 2010)
amendments to NZ IFRIC 14 ‘Prepayments of a Minimum Funding 
Requirement’ (effective for accounting periods beginning on or after  
1 January 2011)
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS as at 30 June 2010
1. Reporting entity 
The National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd (NIWA) and Group  
is a profit-oriented company registered in New Zealand under the Companies  
Act 1993.  
The consolidated (or ‘Group’) financial statements comprise NIWA (the ‘parent 
company’), its subsidiaries, and the Group’s interest in associates and joint 
ventures. The financial statements for NIWA and the Group are presented in 
accordance with the requirements of the Crown Research Institutes Act 1992,  
the Crown Entities Act 2004, the Public Finance Act 1989, the Companies Act 1993, 
and the Financial Reporting Act 1993. The NIWA financial statements are for the 
parent company as a separate entity. 
2. Nature of activities
The NIWA Group conducts research in water and atmospheric sciences in  
New Zealand and internationally.
3. Statement of accounting policies
Statement of compliance
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with New Zealand 
generally accepted accounting practice (NZ GAAP). They comply with New Zealand 
equivalents to international financial reporting standards (NZ IFRS) and other 
applicable financial reporting standards appropriate for profit-oriented entities.
The financial statements comply with international financial reporting standards 
(IFRS). The financial statements were authorised for issue by the directors on  
27 August 2010.
Basis of preparation
The measurement basis adopted in the preparation of these financial statements 
is historical cost, except for financial instruments as identified in specific 
accounting policies below. Cost is based on the fair value of consideration given  
in exchange for assets.
The presentation and functional currency used in the preparation of these financial 
statements is New Zealand dollars.
Accounting polices are selected and applied in a manner to ensure that the 
resulting financial information meets the concepts of relevance and reliability, 
ensuring that the substance of the underlying transaction or event is reported.
The accounting policies have been applied in preparing the financial statements 
for the year ended 30 June 2010 and the comparative information for the year 
ended 30 June 2009.
Adoption of new and revised standards
Standards and interpretations effective in the current period
There no new standards and interpretations effective in the current period with  
a material impact.
Standards and interpretations approved but not yet effective
The following are the new or revised standards or interpretations in issue that are 
not yet required to be adopted by entities preparing their financial statements for 
periods ending on 30 June 2010.
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
5
(10)
2009
481
298
(417)
650
150
9,060
2,094
2,094
2,094
Parent
Actual
(1,198)
(5,649)
(7,008)
(7,116)
113,201
(97,953)
14,526
(14,515)
(14,634)
15,308
(17,317)
6

(92)
2010
154
(795)
110
(82)
5,255
1,573
(611)
2,094
1,401
1,401
1,401
Parent
Actual
120,437
19,010
(101,780)
17,930
(19,271)
       (953)
(20,114)
(22,692)
5
490
(35)
301
650
150
Group
2009 
(417)
       –
       –
Actual
(2,714)
(5,649)
(4,999)
9,303
3,099
3,099
3,099
ancial statements.
120,820
(99,035)
19,531
(20,770)
(20,886)
(6,354)



(576)
2,338
Group
2010 
       –
       –
(1,955)
(5,000)
7,338
       –
       –
Budget
(1,590)
120,360
(94,892)
22,937
(26,865)
(26,865)
(2,276)
(3,866)
(3,866)
(3,866)
6



–––––
182
(127)
110
(953)
5,255
(565)
Group
2010 
(138)
Actual
(1,158)
5,255
3,099
2,396
2,396
2,396
128,158
(103,006)
24,055
(29,032)
(29,875)
24
16
18
9
11
Note
Receipts from customers
Dividends received
Interest received
Payments to employees and suppliers
Interest paid
Taxation paid
Sale of property, plant, & equipment
Purchase of property, plant, & equipment
Purchase of intangible assets
Dividends paid to shareholders
Short-term advance facility (repaid)
Subsidiary loan proceeds
Subsidiary loan (repaid)
Cash
Short-term deposits
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
CASH FLOW STATEMENT for the year ended 30 June 2010
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Cash flows from operating activities 
Cash was provided from:
Cash was disbursed to:
Net cash inflow from operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash was provided from:
Cash was applied to:
Net cash (outflow) in investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities
Cash was applied to:
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Effects of exchange rate changes on the balance of cash held in 
foreign currency
Opening balance of cash and cash equivalents
Closing cash and cash equivalents balance
Made up of:
Closing cash and cash equivalents balance
The accompanying ‘Notes to the financial statements’ are an integral part of, and should be read in conjunction with, these fin
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
32 | 

 | 35 | 35 
 
years
years
10 years
26 years
16 years
20 years
10 years
  4 years
3 years
5 years
10 years 
4 years
5 years 
5–12 years
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
 hull 
 hull 
currencies
 hull 
Property, plant, and equipment
Tangaroa Kaharoa Ikatere
(k) 
Property, plant, and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation 
to date, less any impairment losses. 
Expenditure incurred on property, plant, and equipment is capitalised where such 
expenditure will increase or enhance the future economic benefits provided by 
the assets’ existing service potential. Expenditure incurred to maintain future 
economic benefits is classified as repairs and maintenance.
The gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant, 
and equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and 
the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profit or loss.
(l) Depreciation
Property, plant, and equipment, except for freehold land and work in progress,  
are depreciated on a straight-line basis at rates estimated to write off the cost  
of the property, plant, and equipment over their estimated useful lives, which are 
as follows.
Buildings & leasehold improvements
Buildings 40 
Leasehold improvements, freehold property 
Leasehold improvements, rented property 
Vessels RV  RV  RV 
Plant & equipment Plant & equipment  Scientific equipment 
Electronic data processing equipment Supercomputer 8  Electronic data processing equipment  Office equipment  Furniture & fittings  Motor vehicles  Small boats 
m) Receivables
Receivables are categorised as loans and receivables.
Loans and receivables are stated at amortised cost using the effective interest 
rate, less any impairment.
Collectability of receivables is reviewed on an ongoing basis. Debts which are 
known to be uncollectable are written off against the provision, once approved by 
the Board of Directors. A provision for doubtful debts is established when there 
is objective evidence that the Group will not be able to collect all amounts due 
according to the original terms of receivables. Changes in the carrying amount  
of the provision are recognised in profit or loss.
(n) Inventory
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is calculated 
on the weighted average basis for consumables and first in first out (FIFO) for 
finished goods and work in progress.
(o) Foreign 
i)    Transactions
Transactions in foreign currencies are converted to the functional currency of 
New Zealand dollars, by applying the spot exchange rate between the functional 
currency and the foreign currency at the date of transaction. At the end of each 
reporting period, monetary assets and liabilities are translated to New Zealand 
dollars using the closing rate of exchange at balance date, and any exchange gains 
or losses are taken to profit or loss.
ii)  Translation of foreign operations
On consolidation, revenues and expenses of foreign operations are translated to 
New Zealand dollars at the average exchange rates for the period. Assets and 
liabilities are converted to New Zealand dollars at the rates of exchange ruling at 
balance date. Exchange rate differences arising from the translation of the foreign 
operations are recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated as a 
separate component of equity in the Group’s foreign currency translation reserve. 
Such exchange differences are reclassified from equity to profit or loss (as a 
reclassification adjustment) when the foreign operation is disposed of.
Goodwill and fair value adjustment arising on the acquisition of a foreign operation 
are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign operations and translated at the 
exchange rate ruling at balance date.
tax
the product or process is clearly defined and the costs attributable to the 
product or process can be identified separately and measured reliably
the ability to use or sell the product or process
the Group intends to produce and market, or use, the product or process
the existence of a market for the product or process or its usefulness to the 
Group, if it is to be used internally, can be demonstrated
adequate resources exist, or their availability can be demonstrated, to 
complete the projects and market or use the product or process.
(h) Income 
The income tax expense for the period is the tax payable on the current period’s 
taxable income, based on the income tax rate for each jurisdiction. This is then 
adjusted by changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to temporary 
differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying 
amounts in the financial statements, and changes in unused tax losses.
Deferred tax is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method in respect  
of temporary differences arising from the carrying amount of assets and 
liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax base of those 
items. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary 
differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible 
temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that sufficient taxable 
amount will be available against which those deductible temporary differences  
can be utilised.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for the taxable temporary differences 
arising on investment in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures, except where 
the consolidated entity is able to control the reversal of the temporary differences 
and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable 
future. Deferred tax assets arising from deductible temporary difference from 
these investments are only recognised to the extent that it is probable there 
will be sufficient taxable profits against which to utilise the asset and they are 
expected to reverse in the foreseeable future.
Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises 
from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets 
and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the 
accounting profit.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected 
to apply to the period when the asset and liability giving rise to them are realised 
or settled, based on the tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted 
at balance date. 
Current and deferred tax is recognised in profit or loss, except when it relates to 
items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which 
case the deferred or current tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income 
or directly in equity, or where it arises from the initial accounting for a business 
combination.  In the case of a business combination, the tax effect is taken into 
account in calculating goodwill or in determining the excess of the acquirer’s 
interest in the net fair value of the acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities, and 
contingent liabilities over the cost of the business combination. The carrying 
amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance date and reduced to the 
extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available 
to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
(i)   Purchased intangible assets
Purchased identifiable intangible assets, comprising copyrights, and software,  
are recorded at cost less amortisation and impairment. Amortisation is charged 
on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful life 
and amortisation method are reviewed each balance date.
The estimated useful life for the copyrights is five years.
The estimated useful life for software is one year.
(j)   Development costs
Intangible assets which arise from development costs that meet the following 
criteria are recognised as an asset in the statement of financial position:
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
Capitalisation is limited to the amount which, taken together with any further 
related costs, is likely to be recovered from related future economic benefits.  
Any excess is recognised as an expense.
All other development and research costs are expensed as incurred.
Subsequent to initial recognition, internally generated intangible assets are 
reported at cost, less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment 
losses, on the same basis as purchased identifiable intangible assets.
grants
recognition
benefits
costs
Goods and services tax (GST)
Impairment of tangible and intangible assets (excluding goodwill)
(b) Revenue 
Rendering of services
Revenue from services rendered is recognised in profit or loss in proportion 
to the stage of completion of the transaction at reporting date. The amount of 
revenue unbilled is represented by ‘uninvoiced receivables’, which is stated at 
the proportion to the stage of completion in the statement of financial position. 
Revenue received but not earned is recognised as revenue in advance on the face 
of the statement of financial position.  
Goods sold
Revenue from the sale of goods is measured at the fair value of the consideration 
received or receivable, net of returns and allowances. Revenue is recognised 
when the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the 
buyer, recovery of the consideration is probable, the associated costs and possible 
return of goods can be estimated reliably, and there is no continuing management 
involvement with the goods.
Transfers of risks and rewards vary depending on the individual terms of the 
contract sale. For sales of instruments, transfer occurs upon receipt by the 
customer.
Dividend revenue
Dividend revenue from investments is recognised when the shareholder’s right  
to receive payment has been established.
(c) Government 
Government grants are assistance by the government in the form of transfers 
of resources to the Group in return for past or future compliance with certain 
conditions relating to the operating activities of the Group. The primary condition 
is that the Group should undertake research activities as defined under the 
contractual agreements which award the funding. 
Government grants relating to this funding are recognised as income in the  
profit or loss on a systematic basis in the equivalent period in which the expense 
is recognised.
There were no government grants received during the year (2009: nil).
(d) Finance 
Interest expense is accrued on a time basis using the effective interest method.
(e) 
These financial statements are prepared on a GST-exclusive basis, except for  
receivables and payables, which are stated GST inclusive.
(f) Employee 
Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits and annual 
leave, long-service leave, retirement leave, and training leave are recognised 
when it is probable that settlement will be required and they are capable of being 
measured reliably. Provisions, in respect of employee benefits, are measured at 
their nominal values using the remuneration rate expected to apply at settlement. 
Employee benefits are separated into current and non-current liabilities. Current 
liabilities are those benefits that are expected to be settled within 12 months of 
balance date.
Provisions made in respect of employee benefits which are not expected to be 
settled within 12 months are measured at the present value of the estimated 
future cash outflows to be made by the Group in respect of services provided by 
employees up to the reporting date.
(g) 
Intangible assets that have an indefinite life are not subject to amortisation and 
are tested annually for impairment. Other assets are reviewed for impairment 
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount 
may not be recoverable. If such an indication exists, the recoverable amount of  
the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss.  
The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less cost to sell and value  
in use. 
If the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated to be less than its carrying 
value, the carrying value is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss 
is recognised in profit or loss.
Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the 
asset is increased to the revised recoverable amount, but only to the extent that 
the increased carrying value does not exceed the carrying amount that would have 
been recognised if the asset had no impairment loss recognised in the past.  
This reversal is recognised in profit or loss.
the aggregate of the fair value of the consideration received and the fair 
value of any retained interest, and
the previous carrying amount of the assets (including goodwill),  
and liabilities of the subsidiary and any non-controlling interests.
1. 
2. 
Accounting for jointly controlled operations
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS as at 30 June 2010
Non-controlling interests in the net assets of the consolidated subsidiaries may 
be initially measured either at fair value or at the non-controlling interest’s 
proportionate share of the fair value of the acquirer’s identifiable net assets. 
The choice of measurement basis is made on an acquisition-by-acquisition 
basis. Subsequent to acquisition, non-controlling interests consist of the amount 
attributed to such interests at initial recognition and the non-controlling interest’s 
share of changes in equity since the date of the combination. Total comprehensive 
income is attributed to non-controlling interests even if this results in the non-
controlling interests having a deficit balance.
The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are included 
in profit or loss from the effective date of acquisition or up to the effective date of 
disposal, as appropriate. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial 
statements of subsidiaries to bring the accounting policies used into line with 
those used by other members of the Group. 
All intra-group transactions, balances, income, and expenses are eliminated  
in full on consolidation.
Changes in the Group’s interests in a subsidiary that do not result in a loss of 
control are accounted for as equity transactions. Any difference between the 
amount by which the non-controlling interests are adjusted and the fair value  
of the consideration paid or received is recognised directly in equity and attributed 
to owners of the Company.
When the Group loses control of a subsidiary, the profit or loss on disposal is 
calculated as the difference between:
 
 
Amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income in relation to 
the subsidiary are accounted for (i.e., reclassified to profit or loss, or transferred 
directly to retained earnings) in the same manner as would be required if the 
relevant assets or liabilities were disposed of. The fair value of any investment 
retained in the former subsidiary at the date when control is lost is regarded  
as the fair value on initial recognition for subsequent accounting under NZ IAS 39 
Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement or, when applicable,  
the cost on initial recognition of an investment in an associate or jointly  
controlled entity.
Investments in subsidiaries are recorded at cost less any impairment in the parent 
company’s financial statements.
i)  
Where the Group has joint control in a jointly controlled operation, the Group 
recognises the assets that it controls and the liabilities that it incurs, along with 
expenses that it incurs and the Group’s share of income it earns from the sale  
of goods and services by the joint venture.
ii)    Accounting for goodwill
Goodwill arising on the acquisition of a subsidiary or jointly controlled entity is 
recognised as an asset at the date that control is acquired (the requisition date). 
Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, 
the amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree, and the fair value of  
the acquirer’s previously held equity interest (if any) in the acquiree over the fair 
value of the identifiable net assets recognised.
If, after reassessment, the Group’s interest in the fair value of the acquiree’s 
identifiable net assets exceeds the sum of the consideration transferred, 
 the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree and the fair value  
of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest (if any) in the acquiree, the excess 
is recognised immediately in profit or loss as a bargain purchase gain.
Goodwill is not amortised, but is reviewed for impairment at least annually.  
For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Group’s 
cash-generating units expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. 
Cash-generating units to which goodwill has been allocated are tested for 
impairment annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the unit 
may be impaired. The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less cost to 
sell, and value in use. If the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is  
less than the carrying amount of the unit, the impairment loss is allocated first  
to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the 
other assets of the unit pro-rata on the basis of the carrying amount of each asset 
in the unit. Any impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss and is 
not subsequently reversed.
On disposal of a subsidiary or jointly controlled entity, the attributable amount  
of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss on disposal.
34 | 

 (9)

44
 | 37 | 37 
2009
190
190
298
143
143
2,713
2009
2009 
1,702
2009 
2009
Parent
110,072
112,790
Parent
Parent
Parent
Parent
13
13
(70)
2010
297
139
139
2,188
2010
2010 
(125)
2,284
2010 
 (654)
2010
Parent
117,775
119,969
Parent
Parent
Parent
Parent
ncial year. The total value of the payment 
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 

193
193
 (9)
298
(66)
165
165
Group
2009
10,637
Group
2009
1,791
Group
2009
109,113
119,755
Group
2009 
Group
2009 
6565
13
13
1818
––––
297
(70)
 (654)
(181)
162
162
Group
2010
10,856
Group
2010
2,383
Group
2010
116,860
127,722
Group
2010
Group
2010
Rental and operating lease costs
Remuneration of directors
Bad debts written off
Movement within doubtful debt provision
Change in the fair value of derivatives
Foreign currency gain (loss)
4. Revenues and other gains
Revenue
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Sale of goods
Rendering of services
Dividends
Total operating revenue
Other gains 
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Net gain on sale from property, plant and equipment
Total other gains
5. Operating expenses and other gains 
Operating expenses
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Operating expenses include:
Other gains included in operating expenses
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Other expenses include:
In 2009–10, the Parent and Group paid compensation or other benefits to two people who ceased to be an employee during the fina was $54,042.32 (2008-09: $189,757.82).
Auditor’s remuneration
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Auditor’s remuneration to Deloitte comprise:
  Audit of the financial statements
  Other assurance services
Total auditor’s remuneration
Loans and receivables
Changes in accounting policies
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are classified as current assets 
and are stated at fair value, and changes resulting in a gain or loss are recognised 
in profit or loss.
(ii) 
Loans and receivables have fixed or determinable payments and are not quoted  
in an active market. They arise when the Group provides money, goods, or services 
directly to a debtor with no intention of selling the receivable. They are included  
in current assets, except for those with maturities greater than 12 months after 
the statement of financial position date which are classified as a non-current 
asset. These are subsequently recorded at amortised cost less impairment.
Impairment of financial assets
Financial assets, other than those at fair value through profit or loss, are assessed 
for indicators of impairment at each balance date. Financial assets are impaired 
where there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that 
occurred after the initial recognition of the financial asset, the estimated future 
cashflows of the investment have been impacted.
For certain categories of financial assets, such as trade receivables, assets 
that are assessed not to be impaired individually are subsequently assessed for 
impairment on a collective basis. Objective evidence of impairment for a portfolio 
of receivables could include the Group’s past experience of collecting payments, 
an increase in the number of delayed payments in the portfolio past the average 
credit period of 60 days, as well as observable changes in national or local 
economic conditions that correlate with default on receivables.
For financial assets carried at amortised cost, the amount of the impairment 
is the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of 
estimated future cashflows, discounted at the financial asset’s original effective 
interest rate.
The carrying amount of the financial asset is reduced by the impairment loss 
with the exception of trade receivables, where the carrying amount is reduced 
through the use of an allowance account. When a trade receivable is considered 
uncollectible, it is written off against the allowance account. Changes in the 
carrying amount of the allowance account are recognised in profit or loss.
Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are classified as either financial liabilities at fair value through 
profit or loss or other financial liabilities. Financial liabilities are classified as at 
fair value through profit or loss where the liability is either held for trading or it is 
designated as at fair value. A financial liability is classified as held for trading if it 
meets similar criteria as financial assets held for trading.
A financial liability other than a financial liability held for trading may be 
designated as at fair value through profit or loss upon recognition if it meets 
similar criteria as financial assets designated as at fair value through profit  
or loss.
Financial liabilities at fair value are stated at fair value with any resultant gain 
or loss recognised in profit or loss. This incorporates any interest paid on the 
financial liability.
Other financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value through profit or loss, 
net of transaction costs. Other financial liabilities are subsequently measured 
at amortised cost using the effective interest method, with interest expense 
recognised on an effective interest basis.
The effective interest method is the method of calculating the amortised cost  
of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period.  
The effective interest rate is the rate that discounts estimated future cash 
payments through the expected life of the financial liability, or, where appropriate, 
a shorter period to the net carrying amount of the financial liability.
The Group derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Group’s 
obligations are discharged, cancelled or they expire. 
(s) 
There have been no changes in accounting policies this period. 
 
instruments
Statement of cash flows
 Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
it has been incurred principally for the purpose of selling in the near future, 
or
it is a derivative that is not designated and effective as a hedge instrument, or
it is part of an identified portfolio of financial instruments that the  
Group manages together and has a recent actual pattern of short-term  
profit making.
such designation eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or 
recognition inconsistency that would otherwise arise, or
the financial asset forms part of a group of financial assets or financial 
liabilities or both, which is managed and its performance is evaluated on 
a fair value basis, in accordance with either the Group’s documented risk 
management or investment strategy, and information about the grouping  
is provided internally on that basis, or
it forms part of a contract containing one or more embedded derivative,  
and it is allowable to be designated at fair value through profit or loss. 
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS as at 30 June 2010
(p) Leases 
Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer 
substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. All other 
leases are classified as operating leases. 
The Group has not contracted for any leases which would be classified as  
finance leases.
Operating lease payments are recognised on a systematic basis that is 
representative of the benefit to the Group (straight line).
(q) 
The statement of cash flows is prepared exclusive of GST, which is consistent  
with the method used in the statement of comprehensive income.  
Operating activities comprise the provision of research services, consultancy,  
and manufacture of scientific instruments and other activities that are not 
investing or financing activities. Investing activities comprise the purchase and 
disposal of property, plant, and equipment, intangible assets, and advances to 
subsidiaries. Financing activities are those which result in changes in the size  
and composition of the capital structure of the Group. 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, cash in banks and investments 
in money market, net of outstanding bank drafts. 
(r) Financial 
Derivative financial instruments
The Group may use derivative financial instruments to hedge its exposure to 
foreign exchange and interest rate risks arising from operational, financing,  
and investing activities. 
Derivative financial instruments such as forward exchange contracts are 
categorised as held for trading (unless they qualify for hedge accounting),  
and are initially recognised in the statement of financial position at fair value  
and transaction costs are expensed immediately. Subsequent to initial  
recognition, derivative financial instruments are stated at fair value. The gain or 
loss on remeasurement to fair value is recognised immediately in profit or loss 
unless the derivative is designated and effective as a hedging instrument in which 
event the timing of the recognition in profit or loss depends on the nature of the 
hedge relationship.
The fair value of outstanding derivative financial instruments at 30 June 2010  
is $70k (2009: nil).
Other financial assets
Non-derivative financial assets comprise receivables, cash and cash equivalents, 
uninvoiced receivables, and intercompany and are initially recorded at fair value 
plus transaction costs (except for financial assets at fair value through profit or 
loss which are initially recorded at fair value).
Financial assets are classified into the following specified categories; 
classification depends on the nature and purpose of the financial asset and  
is determined at the time of initial recognition.
(i) 
Financial assets are classified at fair value through profit or loss where the 
financial asset is either held for trading or it is designated at fair value through 
profit or loss.
A financial asset is classified as held for trading if:
• 
• 
• 
A financial asset other than a financial asset held for trading may be designated  
as at fair value upon recognition if:
• 
• 
• 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
36 | 


 | 39 | 39 
2009 
650
115
638
638
2009 
2009
2009 
Parent
24,799
1,758
4,238
1,122
7,871
7,233
Parent
Parent
Parent

2010 
130
627
625
2010 
2010
5,905
2010 
Parent
24,799
2,180
4,486
1,147
8,570
7,945
Parent
Parent
Parent
l impact on the carrying amount of the 
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
260
ment due on 7 May 2014. The loan is 
650
115
726
726
rmined by the expected employment 
Group
2009 
24,799
 amongst the shareholders.
Group
2009 
s not subject to any interest charge. 
Group
2009
Group
2009 
2,081
4,565
1,154
8,641
7,915
appropriate liability. Training leave is based 
on an on-call basis and a short-term advance   that were applicable during this period are 
279
130
723
727
Group
2010
24,799
5,905
Group
2010 
Group
2010
Group
2010 
2,447
4,880
1,208
9,388
8,661
Borrowings
Salary accrual
Annual leave
Training leave
Long service leave
Retirement leave
Current
Non-current
9. Share capital
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Issued and fully paid capital
24,798,700 ordinary shares (2009: 24,798,700 ordinary shares)
All shares carry equal voting and distribution rights; if the company is to be wound down, all proceeds are distributed equally
10. Unsecured loan
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Loan
The loan is unsecured and relates to a vendor finance agreement on the acquisition of a subsidiary, Unidata Pty Ltd. The loan i Repayment will be made when, and in such amounts as, the cash flow and profitability of Unidata Pty Ltd permit, with full repay recognised at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.
11.  
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Borrowings
The facility is unsecured, but subject to various covenants that were complied with during the year.  The facility is operated  with a limit available to borrow of $11.5 million. (2009: $4.9m). The facility was operated on an on-call basis. Interest rates referred to in note 29.
12. Employee entitlements
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Accrued remuneration:
Total employee entitlement and accrual provision
Comprising:
The provisions for long-service leave, retirement leave and training leave are dependent upon a number of factors that are dete period of employees, current remuneration, and the timing of employees using the benefits. Any changes in these assumptions wil liability. In determining long-service leave the employment period is based upon historical length of service to determine the  upon historical usage of the benefit to calculate the likelihood of further benefits incurring.

11



154
98
2009
481
481
(11)
470
2009
1,767
1,921
2009 
6,040
1,812
1,921
2009
(649)
(860)
Parent
Parent
Parent
Parent
(4,140)




62
50
13
(828)
(284)
2010
154
154
(92)
2010
2,488
2,319
3,979
2010
5,373
1,612
2,603
3,979
2010
Parent
Parent
Parent
Parent
removed depreciation on buildings 
96

32



490
490
(35)
455
292
. The change recognised from the 
(649)
(860)
Group
2009
Group
2009
2,943
3,039
Group
2009 
9,050
2,715
3,039
Group
2009
(4,140)
38
29



182
182
55
(802)
(388)
(94)
Group
2010
(127)
Group
2010
3,640
2,215
5,053
Group
2010 
9,550
2,865
2,603
5,053
Group
2010
0.03
0.03
0.17
Dividend 
per share
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS as at 30 June 2010
6. Net interest and other financing income
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Interest income on bank deposits
Finance income  
Finance expense
Net interest and other financing income
7. Income tax
The income tax expense is determined as follows:
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Income tax expense
Current tax
Deferred tax relating to temporary differences
Deferred tax relating to budget changes
Income tax expense
Reconciliation of income tax expense
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Operating profit before income tax
Tax at current rate of 30%
Adjustments to taxation:
  Other non-deductible expenses
  Depreciation changes to buildings
  Reduction in the taxation rate
 Other deferred taxation adjustments
 Under/(over) provision in previous year
Income taxation expense
The 2010 Crown budget introduced the reduction in the company tax rate from 30% to 28% effective from the 2011/12 tax year and  from the 2010/11 year.  The rate reduction and the change in depreciation impact the deferred tax calculation for the 2010 year reduction of the rate on deferred tax is recognised in the taxation expense in profit or loss.  
8. Dividends
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Payments were made on:
  5 December 08
  5 June 09
  29 June 09
These dividend payments were made to the Government of New Zealand (the Crown) as the sole shareholder.
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
38 | 

25

28
 | 41 | 41 
(2,581)
(1,405)
1,738
(2,223)
2009 
9,113
7,086
2009 
1,022
9,925
Closing 
balance
Parent
16,199
Parent






406
703
rates
2010 
8,874
5,528
2010 
6,303
Parent
14,402
Parent
Changes in 
income tax 
nidata Pty Ltd of $810k, result in  
cted to be repaid within one year  
is is consistent with the Group policy that 
 not expected to be repaid within one year 
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
51
8.7 million) and purchased workshop 
(6)
301k (2009: $25k).
(65)
(95)
(3)
 (2009: $1.0 million).
(118)
ment of comprehensive income. 
 Research Institute. The Income Tax Act 2004 
Group
2009 
10,580
7,094
17,674
ovided research services to NIWA Australia Pty 
Charged to 
profit or loss
31
3
(2,632)
(1,340)
1,833
(2,105)
Group
2010 
10,493
5,513
16,006
Opening 
balance 
Payables and accruals, and revenue in advance
Parent
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
As at 30 June 2009
Temporary differences
Property, plant, and equipment
Library
Uninvoiced receivables
Employee benefits
Doubtful debts
The NIWA Group is not required to establish or maintain an imputation credit account by virtue of its classification as a Crown
confirms this requirement.
14. 
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Trade payables and accruals
Revenue in advance
Total
Trade payables are payable as per normal commercial terms.
Revenue in advance relates to contracted services which have been billed in advance, yet not recognised as revenue in the state
15. Intercompany
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Current asset
Non-current asset
Current liability
An amount of $6.3 million (2009: $9.9 million) is held by the Parent Company (NIWA) on behalf of NIWA Vessel Management Ltd. Th
all surplus funds are managed by NIWA. The balance is unsecured, has no set repayment terms, and is payable upon demand, but is
of balance date. The balance is not subject to interest.
Parent Company receivables and advances to NIWA Australia Pty Ltd of $293k, NIWA Environmental Research Institute of $6k, and U
an asset of $1,109k. All balances are unsecured, have no set repayment terms and are payable upon demand, and most are not expe
of balance date. The balances are not subject to interest.
During the year NIWA contracted vessel charters from its subsidiary NIWA Vessel Management Ltd totalling $10.9 million (2009: $
services totalling $47k (2009: $41k). NIWA Vessel Management Ltd contracted services from its Parent, NIWA Science, totalling $
During the year NIWA contracted scientific research from its subsidiary NIWA Australia Pty Ltd totalling nil (2009: nil) and pr
Ltd of $114k (2009: $12k).
NIWA earned revenue of nil (2009: $21k) from research subcontracts with NIWA Environmental Research Institute.
NIWA charged its subsidiaries for administration expenses and management services totalling $1.0 million for the financial year
The carrying amount of intercompany balances approximates their fair value.
There were no other significant transactions between any of the companies in the Group.
18

196
25
18
196
1,998
1,936
(4,545)
(1,215)
1,814
Closing 
(3,732)
balance
(5,998)
(1,240)
(5,026)
Closing 
balance
(4,097)
(1,406)
(3,542)
Closing 
balance












403
(15)
388
297
(13)
284
rates
rates
rates
Changes in 
income tax 
Changes in 
income tax 
Changes in 
income tax 
(7)
166
77
196
57
(6)
(65)
(48)
(3)
(7)
89
(66)
190
196
(2,304)
(1,872)
(2,261)
(1,793)
Charged to 
Charged to 
Charged to 
profit or loss
profit or loss
profit or loss
25

31
3
25

(4,097)
(1,406)
1,936
(4,154)
(1,341)
1,984
(2,581)
(1,405)
1,738
(2,223)
Opening 
balance 
(3,542)
Opening 
balance 
(3,476)
Opening 
balance 
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS as at 30 June 2010
13. Deferred tax liability and assets
Deferred tax assets (liabilities) arise from the following:
Group
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
As at 30 June 2010
Temporary differences
Property, plant, and equipment
Library
Uninvoiced receivables
Employee benefits
Doubtful debts
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
As at 30 June 2009
Temporary differences
Property, plant, and equipment
Library
Uninvoiced receivables
Employee benefits
Doubtful debts
Parent
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
As at 30 June 2010
Temporary differences
Property, plant, and equipment
Library
Uninvoiced receivables
Employee benefits
Doubtful debts
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
40 | 

(8)

586
(30)
 | 43 | 43 
586
Total
(1,891)
(1,806)
Total
(5,066)
(5,130)
Total
(1,888)
(1,791)
Total
(5,088)
9,985
(5,088)
183,099
29,032
210,232
98,812
13,088
110,680
99,552
167,425
20,770
183,099
92,387
11,555
98,812
84,287
148,267
19,271
165,650
79,636
11,026
89,457
76,193
138,840
14,515
148,267
74,739
79,636
68,631
 







 







 






 





694
34
34
694
694
3,962
4,038
8,000
8,000
2,133
1,829
3,962
3,962
(660)
1,513
(819)
Work in 
progress
Work in 
progress
Work in 
progress
Work in 
progress
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 





(131)
248
(131)
309
(64)
172
(61)
692
145
(135)
213
(131)
611
309
(61)
998
165
(61)
683
2,031
1,336
3,236
1,339
1,456
1,780
1,786
2,031
1,228
1,339
1,785
1,795
1,102
1,184
1,537
1,785
1,102
Small boats
Small boats
Small boats
Small boats

14



(61)
410
(61)
781
711
(2)
442
14
(487)
(60)
393
(60)
757
637
(450)
424
(450)
3,739
3,692
2,562
2,911
3,569
(539)
3,739
2,607
2,562
1,177
3,605
3,559
2,469
2,802
3,418
3,605
2,495
2,469
1,136
Motor vehicles
Motor vehicles
Motor vehicles
Motor vehicles
3




(20)
(3)
43
(20)
(4)
244
32
(27)
67
(52)
287
(20)
37
(20)
213
30
(53)
59
(53)
250
2,216
2,196
1,929
1,952
2,215
2,216
1,914
1,929
1,757
1,737
1,507
1,524
1,780
1,757
1,501
1,507
Furniture & fittings
Furniture & fittings
Furniture & fittings
Furniture & fittings




680
(5)
(657)
581
(590)
874
(739)
659
(654)
537
(586)
998
(740)
835
(741)
944
7,846
7,869
6,831
6,822
1,047
7,193
1,393
(735)
7,846
6,696
6,831
1,015
7,521
7,526
6,577
6,528
6,884
1,377
7,521
6,483
6,577
Office equipment
Office equipment
Office equipment
Office equipment
 
 
 
 
(2)



(637)
(643)
(11)
(637)
(633)
16,964
10,259
26,584
14,708
2,219
16,284
2,388
1,518
1,854
1,374
1,156
10,300
16,525
(1,938)
16,964
15,145
(1,955)
14,708
2,256
14,681
10,224
24,268
13,153
14,374
9,894
15,259
(1,952)
14,681
13,947
(1,950)
13,153
1,528
Electronic data 
Electronic data 
Electronic data 
Electronic data 
processing equipment
processing equipment
processing equipment
processing equipment
 
 
 
 
(3)

(9)


(377)
(354)
(893)
(374)
(354)
(937)
(893)
8,972
6,382
8,953
(868)
5,323
6,348
5,575
6,452
4,939
Plant & 
68,703
77,295
48,929
54,957
22,338
Plant & 
60,627
68,703
44,500
48,929
19,774
Plant & 
59,189
65,163
42,721
47,942
17,221
Plant & 
53,674
59,189
38,673
42,721
16,468
equipment
equipment
equipment
equipment
 plans.




























775
739
1,189
19,612
10,259
11,034
8,578
18,423
9,520
10,259
8,164
Vessels
18,423
Vessels
18,423
Vessels
Vessels
(8)

(7)

(8)
(7)
586
(895)
(943)
586
(895)
(940)
46,786
2,520
49,298
12,255
2,430
15,264
5,155
2,420
2,520
2,417
5,155
2,407
34,034
42,526
46,786
10,778
12,255
34,531
46,606
49,118
12,107
15,103
34,015
42,346
46,606
10,640
12,107
34,499
improvements
improvements
improvements
improvements
Buildings & leasehold 
Buildings & leasehold 
Buildings & leasehold 
Buildings & leasehold 
21












––


21












Land
Land
Land
12,429
12,450
Land
12,450
12,429
12,429
12,429
12,429
12,450
12,450
12,429
12,429
12,429
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
16. Property, plant, and equipment
Group
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Cost
Balance at 1 July 2009
Additions
Disposals
Foreign currency
Balance at 30 June 2010
Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses
Balance at 1 July 2009
Depreciation charge
Impairment
Disposals
Balance as at 30 June 2010
Net book value at 30 June 2010
Group
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Cost
Balance at 1 July 2008
Additions
Disposals
Foreign currency
Balance at 30 June 2009
Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses
Balance at 1 July 2008
Depreciation charge
Impairment
Disposals
Balance as at 30 June 2009
Net book value at 30 June 2009
Parent
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Cost
Balance at 1 July 2009
Additions
Disposals
Balance at 30 June 2010
Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses
Balance at 1 July 2009
Depreciation charge
Impairment
Disposals
Balance as at 30 June 2010
Net book value at 30 June 2010
Parent
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Cost
Balance at 1 July 2008
Additions
Disposals
Balance at 30 June 2009
Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses
Balance at 1 July 2008
Depreciation charge
Disposals
Balance as at 30 June 2009
Net book value at 30 June 2009
The opening net book value for the Group at 1 July 2008 was $75,038k.  
The opening net book value for the Parent at 1 July 2008 was $64,101k.
Assumptions underlying the estimated useful lives of assets include timing of technological obsolescence and future utilisation42 | 



2
(92)
(92)
37
953
953
 | 45 | 45 
417
465
(723)
(723)
Total
5,282
5,607
5,195
5,570
Total
5,094
5,324
5,094
5,324











215
215
128
48
178
37
Copyrights
Copyrights
–––
–––
–––
–––
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
––
––
–2

953
(723)
953
(723)
417
(92)
417
(92)
5,094
5,324
5,094
5,324
5,067
5,392
5,067
5,392
Software
Software
Group
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Cost
Balance as at 1 July 2008
Additions
Disposals
Currency movements
Balance as at 30 June 2009
Accumulated amortisation and impairment losses
Balance as at 1 July 2008
Amortisation
Impairment
Disposals
Currency movements
Balance as at 30 June 2009
Net book value at 30 June 2009
Parent
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Cost
Balance as at 1 July 2009
Additions
Disposals
Currency movements
Balance as at 30 June 2010
Accumulated amortisation and impairment losses
Balance as at 1 July 2009
Amortisation
Impairment
Disposals
Currency movements
Balance as at 30 June 2010
Net book value at 30 June 2010
The opening net book value at 1 July 2008 was $nil.
953
984
Total
(723)
(723)
5,607
5,837
5,570
5,831



66
215
215
178
31
209
vels, quality, and flows.
Copyrights
–––
–––
–––

ets held for the duration of their physical 
. In the directors’ view the cost of these 
953
953
rations.
rposes.  
(723)
(723)
5,392
5,622
5,392
5,622
Software
Description
A national reference collection of marine invertebrates.
A national electronic database of high-quality climate information, including temperatures, rainfall, wind, and other 
climate elements.
A national electronic database of river and lake locations throughout New Zealand, including le
A national electronic database of the occurrence of fish in the fresh waters of New Zealand, including major  
offshore islands.
intangibles
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS as at 30 June 2010
17. Heritage assets
NIWA has one collection and three databases that have been defined as heritage assets. Heritage collection assets are those ass
lives because of their unique scientific importance and databases are maintained as an incidental part of existing business ope
NIWA has the following heritage assets:
Type
Marine Benthic Biology Collection
National Climate Database
Water Resources Archive Database
New Zealand Freshwater Fish Database
The nature of these heritage assets, and their significance to the science NIWA undertakes, makes it necessary to disclose them
heritage assets cannot be assessed with any reliability, and accordingly these assets have not been recognised for reporting pu
18. Identifiable 
Group
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Cost
Balance as at 1 July 2009
Additions
Disposals
Currency movements
Balance as at 30 June 2010
Accumulated amortisation and impairment losses
Balance as at 1 July 2009
Amortisation
Impairment
Disposals
Currency movements
Balance as at 30 June 2010
Net book value at 30 June 2010
The opening net book value at 1 July 2008 was $87k.
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
44 | 

(1)
314
 | 47 | 47 
2009 
Group
2009 
1,778
1,778
Parent
18,505
18,504
18,190
18,504
––
––
––
––
741
741
2010 
(655)
803
Group
2010 
Parent
17,767
17,112
16,309
17,112
Group’s interests in this joint venture 
it risk.
considers to be low credit risk. 
 any service or goods are provided  
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
(1)
 at the reporting date for which the  
 impaired balances. 
e at the reporting date for which the 
 balances below exclude the Crown-
Risk Limited (a wholly owned subsidiary 
314
% (2009 Group 37% and Parent 45%)  
tentions.
or impaired balances. 
Group
2009 
18,787
18,786
18,472
18,786
he individual contracts are complete,  
 unpaid at the due date.
(655)
803
Group
2010 
17,967
17,312
16,509
17,312
20. Joint ventures
The Group has a 50% participating interest in Riskscape NZ, an unincorporated joint venture of equal interests with Geological 
company of GNS Science Ltd). Riskscape NZ commenced operations in April 2005 and had a first balance date of 30 June 2005. The 
had an immaterial effect on the financial statements.
The following amounts are from the financial statements of Riskscape NZ.
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Current assets
Non-current assets
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Income
Expenses
21. Receivables 
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Trade receivables
Provision for doubtful debts
Total
Classified as:
Non-current
Current
Included in the Group and Parent’s trade receivables balance at the end of the year is one debtor’s balance which equates to 45
of the total trade receivables balance. Contracts with a Crown-owned debtor specify retentions are held on each invoice until t
which can take up to five years. The non-current component of receivables relates to the long-term portion of these contract re
A large proportion of the Group’s commercial customers are from central, local government, and private sectors which the Group 
Before accepting a new customer, a credit check is undertaken when deemed appropriate to ensure validity of the customer before
to the customer.
The Group reserves the right to charge interest at a rate of two percent per month, calculated daily, on all invoices remaining
Included in the Group’s trade receivable balance are debtors with a carrying amount of $506k (2009: $1,135k) which are past due
Group has not provided as the amounts are still considered recoverable. The Group does not hold any collateral over past due or
Included in the Parent’s trade receivable balance are debtors with a carrying amount of $506k (2009: $1,123k) which are past du
Parent has not provided as the amounts are still considered recoverable. The Parent does not hold any collateral over past due 
The below balances indicate the past due receivables which have not been provided for as the amounts are still recoverable. The
owned debtor who has a significant amount owing to the Group as indicated above for which management consider there is low cred
%
80
417
(92)
417
(92)
100
100
100
100
100
Total
4,769
5,094
4,769
5,094
2009 
2009
Parent
12,709
12,709








%
80
2010 
2010
100
100
100
100
100
Parent
12,709
12,709
Copyrights
Ownership and voting interest
–––
–––
–––
–––


417
(92)
417
(92)
    
4,769
5,094
4,769
5,094
Group
2009
Ltd and Unidata Pty Ltd are incorporated in 
Software


    
Group
2010 
Principal activities
Vessel charters for scientific research
Scientific research and consultancy services
Scientific research and consultancy services
Supplier of environmental technology products
Non-trading shell company
Non-trading shell company
(continued)
intangibles 
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS as at 30 June 2010
18. Identifiable 
Parent
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Cost
Balance as at 1 July 2008
Additions
Disposals
Currency movements
Balance as at 30 June 2009
Accumulated amortisation and impairment losses
Balance as at 1 July 2008
Amortisation
Impairment
Disposals
Currency movements
Balance as at 30 June 2009
Net book value at 30 June 2009
19. Investments
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Investment in subsidiaries
Investments in subsidiaries 
Name
NIWA Vessel Management Ltd
NIWA Australia Pty Ltd
NIWA Environmental Research Institute
Unidata Pty Ltd
NIWA Natural Solutions Ltd
EcoConnect Ltd
All subsidiaries have a balance date of 30 June.
NIWA Vessel Management Ltd, NIWA Natural Solutions Ltd, and EcoConnect Ltd are incorporated in New Zealand. NIWA Australia Pty 
Australia. NIWA Environmental Research Institute is incorporated in the USA.  
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
46 | 


30

 | 49 | 49 
417
118
269
605
2009
(190)
(426)
(251)
227
4,119
(190)
9,985
(150)
2009 
5,621
Parent
10,370
14,526
Parent

(13)
(13)
953
82
700
255
70
2010 
1,394
1,509
(1,797)
1,489
1,676
2,393
2010 
6,101
Parent
11,612
14,156
17,930
Parent
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
66
14

(193)
(18)
(193)
464
(122)
390
222
883
259
NIWA Group. All transactions with other 
debts have been written off or forgiven 
Group
2009 
6,011
5,937
11,555
11,945
1,768
19,531
Group
2009
(13)
(13)
984
 (19)
138
746
264
70
Group
2010
4,497
6,230
13,674
1,484
1,486
2,412
16,261
(1,668)
3,310
24,055
Group
2010 
Related party transactions
Net loss/(gain) on disposal of property, plant, & equipment
24. Reconciliation of the profit for the period to net cash from operating activities
Depreciation and impairment
Amortisation of identifiable intangibles
Increase/(decrease) in unsecured loan
Net foreign currency (gain)/loss
Increase/(decrease) in deferred tax liability
Increase/(decrease) in payables and accruals and revenue in advance
Increase/(decrease) in employee entitlements
(Increase)/decrease in receivables and prepayments
(Increase)/decrease in inventory and uninvoiced receivables
(Increase)/decrease in taxation receivable
Increase/decrease in other financial assets and liabilities
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Profit for the period
Add/(less) items classified as investing activities
Add/(less) non-cash items
Add/(less) movements in working capital items
Net cash flows from operating activities
25. 
In addition to the disclosures in note 15 and 21, the Government of New Zealand (the Crown) is the ultimate shareholder of the 
Government-owned entities are not considered to fall within the intended scope of related party transactions. No related party 
during the year.
Key management personnel compensations
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Short-term benefits
The table above includes remuneration of the Chief Executive Officer and all key management positions.
10


(9)
1
22
28
2009 
157
724
242
1,123
2009 
2009 
4,686
2009 
1,145
1,195
Parent
Parent
Parent
Parent
1

38
(1)
655
655
38
50
2010 
161
373
572
2010 
2010 
4,048
2010 
1,490
1,578
Parent
Parent
Parent
Parent
unt. The net carrying amount is 
0


(9)
1
158
735
242
659
73
Group
2009
1,135
t which are unlikely to be recoverable. 
Group
2009
Group
2009 
4,686
 the stage of completion in the statement 
Group
2009 
1,532
2,264
11
––––
(1)

196
38
373
607
655
655
510
65
Group
2010
Group
2010 
Group
2010 
4,138
Group
2010 
1,974
2,549
receivables
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS as at 30 June 2010
Ageing past due but not impaired trade receivables
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Between 60 and 90 days
Between 91 and 180 days
Over 181 days
Included in the provision for doubtful debts are individually selected debtors of $655k (2009: $1k) for the Group and the Paren
The provision recognises the difference between the carrying amount of these trade receivables and the expected recoverable amo
considered to approximate their fair value. 
Movement in the provision for doubtful debts
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Balance at the beginning of the year
Impairment loss recognised
Impairment losses reversed
Amounts written off as uncollectible
Amounts recovered during the year
22. Uninvoiced 
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Uninvoiced receivables
The amount of revenue unbilled at balance date is represented by ‘uninvoiced receivables’, which is stated at the proportion to
of financial position. Once this balance is invoiced it is transferred to trade debtors. 
Management believe there are no significant concentrations of risk relating to this balance. 
23. Inventory
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Consumables
Finished goods
Work in progress
Total
Inventories are not pledged as security for liabilities, nor are any inventories subject to retention of title clauses. 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
48 | 

 | 51 | 51 
Total
26,571
88,854
20,131
10,636
115,425
30,767





260
650
10,580
8,641
20,131
amortised cost
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
Financial liabilities at 
 

––




––

3,099
18,786
4,686
26,571
Loans and 
receivables
21
19
22
14
10
11
12
Note
Group
in thousands of New Zealand dollars 
Balance at 30 June 2009
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade receivables
Investments
Uninvoiced receivables
Forward exchange derivatives
Total financial assets
Total non-financial assets
Total assets
Liabilities
Payables and accruals
Unsecured loans
Borrowings
Employee entitlements
Forward exchange derivatives
Total financial liabilities
Total non-financial liabilities
Total liabilities
Total
23,874
103,476
26,163
12,064
127,350
38,227







279
10,493
5,905
9,388
26,065
amortised cost
.
 the target is to be delivered as a long-
of discounted cash flow analysis using 
onal derivatives.
Financial liabilities at 
ty
9.8% to 7.0%. 
e development of the business. 
arkets is determined with reference to 
ance with valuation techniques based on 
ir value.




28
28




98
98
Held for trading
 








2,396
17,312
4,138
23,846
Loans and 
receivables
21
22
14
10
11
12
Note
maintains shareholders funds of not less than $50m of net tangible assets, and
reserves the right to review the facility in the event of a change in the shareholding structure.
to operate in a financially responsible manner so that sufficient operating funds are generated to maintain financial viabili
to provide an adequate rate of return on shareholders’ funds
to operate as a going concern.
1. 
2. 
The fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities with standard terms and conditions and traded on active liquid m
quoted market prices.
The fair value of other financial assets and financial liabilities (excluding derivative instruments) is determined in accord
discounted cash flow analysis using prices from observable recent market transactions, or dealer quotes for similar instruments
The fair value of derivative instruments is calculated using quoted prices. Where such prices are not available, use is made 
the applicable yield curve for the duration of the instruments for non-optional derivatives, and option pricing models for opti
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS as at 30 June 2010
26. Financial instruments
Capital management
The Group has externally imposed requirements under the Crown Research Institutes Act 1992:
• 
• 
• 
Specifically the Shareholding Ministers expect the targeted COMU return on equity to be 9.0%. The Ministers have indicated that
term average due to the potential cyclical profitability that can be involved in research outputs.
The Group has historically met the targeted adjusted return on equity each year. This year return on equity has decreased from 
The Group’s policy is to maintain a strong capital base so as to maintain investor and creditor confidence and to sustain futur
The Group’s policies in respect of capital management and allocation are reviewed regularly by the Board of Directors.
The advance facility available from The National Bank is subject to two covenants:
 
 
Capital refers to the equity and borrowings of the Group and Parent.
There have been no material changes in the Group’s management of capital during the period.
Fair value of financial instruments
The fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities are determined as follows.
• 
• 
• 
The Group has no level 3 financial instruments. The carrying value of all financial instruments is considered to approximate fa
Categories of financial instruments
Group 
in thousands of New Zealand dollars 
Balance at 30 June 2010
Assets Cash and cash equivalents
Trade receivables
Investments 19
Uninvoiced receivables
Forward exchange derivatives
Total financial assets
Total non-financial assets
Total assets
Liabilities
Payables and accruals
Unsecured loans
Borrowings
Employee entitlements
Forward exchange derivatives
Total financial liabilities
Total non-financial liabilities
Total liabilities
Fair value through profit or loss financial instruments are all level 2 of the hierarchy.
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
50 | 

 | 53 | 53 
Total
39,043
72,219
27,559
9,309
36,868
111,262











12,709
12,709
accounted for at cost
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
Investment in subsidiary 
 due or avoid a possible past due status.
 with financial institutions (cash and short-
 $2,396k, uninvoiced receivables $4,138k, 
s $1,401k, uninvoiced receivables $4,048k, 
dit extended to third parties, and care is taken 
titutions and counterparties dealt with. There 








650
9,113
9,925
7,871
27,559
amortised cost
Financial liabilities at 
 








2,094
18,504
4,686
1,050
26,334
Loans and 
receivables
21
19
22
15
14
10
15
12
Note
in thousands of New Zealand dollars 
Balance at 30 June 2009
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade receivables
Investments
Uninvoiced receivables
Intercompany
Forward exchange derivatives
Total financial assets
Total non-financial assets
Total assets
Liabilities
Payables and accruals
Borrowings
Intercompany
Employee entitlements
Forward exchange derivatives
Total financial liabilities
Total non-financial liabilities
Total liabilities
Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk that a third party will default on its obligations to NIWA and the Group, causing a loss.
In the normal course of business, the Group incurs credit risk from trade receivables, uninvoiced receivables, and transactions
term deposits and derivatives). 
The Group has a credit policy that is used to manage this risk. As part of this policy, limits are placed on the amounts of cre
to ensure the credit-worthiness of third parties dealt with. All credit risk exposures are monitored regularly.
The Group does not require any collateral or security to support financial instruments, because of the quality of financial ins
are no significant concentrations of credit risk. 
The maximum exposure to credit risk for the Group is $23,874k (total exposed to credit risk, which is cash and cash equivalents
trade receivables net of provisions $17,312 and other financial assets $28k) (2009: 26,571k).
The maximum exposure to credit risk for the Parent is $23,698k (total exposed to credit risk, which is cash and cash equivalent
trade receivables net of provisions $17,112, intercompany $1,109k, and other financial assets $28k) (2009: $25,284k).
(Note 21, Receivables and prepayments, includes further analysis on the trade receivables.)
The Group has not renegotiated the terms of any financial assets which would result in the carrying amount no longer being past
Total
36,407
79,034
29,750
9,903
115,441
39,653











12,709
12,709
accounted for at cost
Investment in subsidiary 








8,874
5,905
6,303
8,570
29,652
amortised cost
Financial liabilities at 





28
28




98
98
Held for Trading
 








1,401
17,112
4,048
1,109
23,670
Loans and 
receivables
21
19
22
15
14
10
15
12
Note
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS as at 30 June 2010
Parent
in thousands of New Zealand dollars 
Balance at 30 June 2010
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade receivables
Investments
Uninvoiced receivables
Intercompany
Forward exchange derivatives
Total financial assets
Total non-financial assets
Total assets
Liabilities
Payables and accruals
Borrowings
Intercompany
Employee entitlements
Forward exchange derivatives
Total financial liabilities
Total non-financial liabilities
Total liabilities
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
52 | 

1

(1)

1

(1)

5
81


139
 | 55 | 55 
YEN
YEN
2009
2009 
0.8059
0.6521
4.0726
0.9195
Parent
spot rate
Reporting date 
35

USD
(219)
911
972
(206)
766
1,095
USD
(8)
2
2010 
2010
131
(108)
(587)
0.8508
0.6936
4.4268
0.9550
Parent
spot rate
43
(19)
35
(16)
Reporting date 
EUR
249
273
EUR
202
221
unts:
30 June 2009
30 June 2009
 the above currencies to the amounts 
0


 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
ws, based on notional amounts:
equity by the amounts shown below. 
120
101
est date on which the Group  
 same basis for 2009.
Group
2009
ts on an ongoing basis. In general,  
ilities and has credit lines in place to  
58
38
(67)
29
AUD
996
333
(247)
1,082
AUD
23
––––
117
145
(108)
(587)








Group
2010
YEN
YEN
USD
191
(121)
105
(151)
1,237
1,307
USD
1,197
1,151
16

(2)
14
16

(2)
14
EUR
30 June 2010
EUR
30 June 2010
34
77
(69)
AUD
992
315
(253)
(180)
1,054
AUD
The Group’s exposure to foreign currency denominated non-derivative financial instruments was as follows, based on notional amo
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Cash balances
Trade receivables
Trade payables
Statement of financial position exposure
The Parent’s exposure to foreign currency denominated non-derivative financial instruments (excluding derivatives) was as follo
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Cash balances
Trade receivables
Trade payables
Statement of financial position exposure
The following significant exchange rates applied:
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
AUD
USD
NOK
SGD
A 10% strengthening of the NZD against the following currencies at 30 June would have increased (decreased) the profit and the 
This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant. The analysis is performed on the
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
AUD
EUR
USD
YEN
NOK
SGD
A 10% weakening of the NZD against the above currencies at 30 June would have had approximately an equal but opposite effect on
shown above, on the basis that all other variables remain constant.
Liquidity risks
Liquidity risk represents the Group’s ability to meet its contractual obligations. The Group evaluates its liquidity requiremen
the Group generates sufficient cash flows from its operating activities to meet its obligations arising from its financial liab
cover potential shortfalls. 
The following tables detail the Group’s and the Parent’s contractual maturity analysis. The tables have been based on the earli
and the Parent can be required to pay.
6
(1)






349
20
367
2009
Group
2009
23,396
1,288
1,096
26,571
70
24
(8)
(14)
(1)
(1)
–5
2009
3.7%
2009

Fair value
2010
26
32
135
(655)
Group
2010 
21,005
1,717
1,614
23,874






 with a NZD contract value of 
2009
isk. 
d purchase of goods and services for 
oreign currency arise. It is the Group’s 
he Group:
3.75%
  2.5% 
y the Board. To manage these exposures, 
ly affect the cost of borrowing and the return 
2010
2010
2010
794
270
354
255
260
Contract value
4,387






2009
2010
355
243
243
3,244
1,101
4,249
Foreign currency






2009
2010
4.0903
4.0717
0.9761
1.0020
0.9530
0.9355
Average exchange rates
.
Tangaroa
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS as at 30 June 2010
The Group’s maximum exposure to credit risk by geographic regions is as follows:
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
New Zealand
Australia
USA
United Kingdom
Other European countries
Other Asia Pacific countries
Other regions
Provision for doubtful debts
Total credit risk 
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that cashflows will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. This could particular
on investments.
The interest rates on the Group and Parent borrowings as at 30 June are as follows:
 
Borrowings 
The interest rates on the Group and Parent investments as at 30 June:
 
Cash (on call) 
The directors do not consider there is any significant exposure to interest rate risk. 
All borrowings and intercompany balances are managed by NIWA on behalf of the Group. 
NIWA has a regularly reviewed treasury policy in place which ensures the appropriate management of currency and interest rate r
Currency risk
The Group undertakes transactions in foreign currencies from time-to-time, and, resulting from these activities, exposures in f
policy to economically hedge foreign currency trading transaction risks as they arise, unless explicitly authorised otherwise b
the Group uses forward foreign exchange contracts. At balance date the Group had forward foreign exchange arrangements in place
$6,320k) (2009: $nil).
The following table details the forward foreign currency exchange contracts outstanding as at 30 June 2010 for the Parent and t
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Buy NOK
Less than 3 months
3 to 6 months
Buy SGD
Less than 3 months
3 to 6 months
7 to 12 months
13 to 18 months
The Parent and Group has entered into forward exchange contracts to economically hedge the exchange rate risk for the forecaste
the fit out of the RV 
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
54 | 

 | 57 | 57 
2009 
532
532
1,466
1,835
4,968
2009 
Parent
12,258
20,527
Parent


2010 
2,101
1,861
4,804
2010 
Parent
10,920
19,686
Parent
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
Group
2009 
1,552
1,835
4,968
12,258
20,613
ears, with various options to extend.  
Group
2009 
1,670
1,670
Group
2010 
2,187
1,861
4,804
10,920
19,772
Group
2010 
6,034
6,034
Within 1 year
Between 1 and 2 years
Between 2 and 5 years
Over 5 years
Contracted, but not provided for
27. Commitments
27a. Operating lease arrangements
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Obligations payable after balance date on non-cancellable operating leases:
Operating leases relate to office and laboratory facilities within New Zealand and Australia with lease terms between 1 to 11 y
27b. Capital commitments
in thousands of New Zealand dollars
Commitments for future capital expenditure:
28. Contingent liabilities
There are no material contingent liabilities that were identified during the normal course of activities (2009: $nil).
29. Subsequent events
There were no subsequent events.  
476
70
476
650
70
650
Total
Total
9,113
9,925
7,871
10,493
5,917
9,388
Total
8,641
26,344
10,580
20,347
Total
8,874
6,303
5,917
8,570
29,734
27,559






















Later than 5 years
Later than 5 years
Later than 5 years
Later than 5 years
s drawn down at 30 June 2010  





 







overnight placement and short-term  
457
727
457
726
625
625
638
638
1,184
1,183
later than 5 years
later than 5 years
later than 5 years
later than 5 years
Later than 1 year and not 
Later than 1 year and not 
Later than 1 year and not 
Later than 1 year and not 


19
70
19


70
9,113
7,233
10,493
4,012
8,661
7,915
23,255
10,580
18,514
8,874
4,012
7,945
20,901
16,346
Less than 1 year
Less than 1 year
Less than 1 year
Less than 1 year












650
650
650
1,905
1,905
6,303
1,905
8,208
9,925
10,575
On demand
On demand
On demand
On demand
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS as at 30 June 2010
Group
in thousands of New Zealand dollars 
As at 30 June 2010
Payables and accruals
Unsecured loan
Borrowings
Employee entitlements
Forward exchange contracts
Total
in thousands of New Zealand dollars 
As at 30 June 2009
Payables and accruals
Unsecured loan
Borrowings
Employee entitlements
Total
Parent
in thousands of New Zealand dollars 
As at 30 June 2010
Payables and accruals
Intercompany
Borrowings
Employee entitlements
Forward exchange contracts
Total
in thousands of New Zealand dollars 
As at 30 June 2009
Payables and accruals
Intercompany
Borrowings
Employee entitlements
Total
Financing facilities
The Group has access to financing facilities; the total amount available is $11.5 million (2009: $4.9 million). $5.9 million wa
(2009: $0.65 million). The available amount of $11.5 million relates to an overdraft facility of $0.5 million (on-call) and an 
advance facility of $11 million, (2009: $4.4 million). These facilities are available for the Parent company.
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
56 | 


 
| 59
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
Natalie Schmitt, Australian Antarctic Division
 
Responsibilities of the Board of Directors and the Auditor
The Board of Directors is responsible for preparing the financial statements  
in accordance with generally accepted accounting practice in New Zealand.   
The financial statements must give a true and fair view of the financial position  
of the Company and group as at 30 June 2010 and the results of operations  
and cash flows for the year ended on that date. The Board of Directors’ 
responsibilities arise from the Crown Research Institutes Act 1992 and the 
Financial Reporting Act 1993.
We are responsible for expressing an independent opinion on the financial 
statements and reporting that opinion to you. This responsibility arises from 
section 15 of the Public Audit Act 2001 and the Crown Research Institutes  
Act 1992. 
Independence
When carrying out the audit we followed the independence requirements of  
the Auditor-General, which incorporate the independence requirements of the 
New Zealand Institute of Chartered Accountants.
Other than the audit, we have no relationship with or interests in the Company  
or any of its subsidiaries.
Andrew Dick 
Deloitte On behalf of the Auditor-General  Auckland, New Zealand
Matters relating to the electronic presentation of the audited 
financial statements
This audit report relates to the financial statements of the National Institute  
of Water & Atmospheric Research Limited and Group for the year ended  
30 June 2010 included on the National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research 
Limited’s website.  The National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research 
Limited’s Board of Directors is responsible for the maintenance and integrity  
of the National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Limited’s website.   
We have not been engaged to report on the integrity of the National Institute of 
Water & Atmospheric Research Limited’s website.  We accept no responsibility  
for any changes that may have occurred to the financial statements since they 
were initially presented on the website.  
The audit report refers only to the financial statements named above. It does not 
provide an opinion on any other information which may have been hyperlinked to 
or from the financial statements. If readers of this report are concerned with the 
inherent risks arising from electronic data communication they should refer to the 
published hard copy of the audited financial statements and related audit report 
dated 27 August 2010 to confirm the information included in the audited financial 
statements presented on this website.
Legislation in New Zealand governing the preparation and dissemination of 
financial information may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.
the Company and group’s financial position as at 30 June 2010; and
the results of operations and cash flows for the year ended on that date. 
AUDIT REPORT
comply with generally accepted accounting practice in New Zealand;
comply with International Financial Reporting Standards; and
give a true and fair view of:


determining whether significant financial and management controls are 
working and can be relied on to produce complete and accurate data;
verifying samples of transactions and account balances;
performing analyses to identify anomalies in the reported data;
reviewing significant estimates and judgments made by the Board  
of Directors;
confirming year-end balances;
determining whether accounting policies are appropriate and consistently 
applied; and
determining whether all financial statement disclosures are adequate.
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
TO THE READERS OF
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF WATER & ATMOSPHERIC 
RESEARCH LIMITED AND GROUP’S FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
30 JUNE 2010
The Auditor-General is the auditor of National Institute of Water & Atmospheric 
Research Limited (the Company) and Group. The Auditor-General has appointed 
me, Andrew Dick, using the staff and resources of Deloitte to carry out the audit 
of the financial statements of the Company and Group, on her behalf, for the year 
ended 30 June 2010.   
Unqualified Opinion
In our opinion: 
The financial statements of the Company and group on pages 20 to 57:



 
 
The audit was completed on 27 August 2010, and is the date at which our opinion 
is expressed.
The basis of our opinion is explained below.  In addition, we outline the 
responsibilities of the Board of Directors and the Auditor, and explain our 
independence.
Basis of Opinion
We carried out the audit in accordance with the Auditor-General’s Auditing 
Standards, which incorporate the New Zealand Auditing Standards.
We planned and performed the audit to obtain all the information and explanations 
we considered necessary in order to obtain reasonable assurance that the 
financial statements did not have material misstatements, whether caused by 
fraud or error.
Material misstatements are differences or omissions of amounts and disclosures 
that would affect a reader’s overall understanding of the financial statements.   
If we had found material misstatements that were not corrected, we would have 
referred to them in our opinion.
The audit involved performing procedures to test the information presented in  
the financial statements. We assessed the results of those procedures in forming 
our opinion.
Audit procedures generally include:







We did not examine every transaction, nor do we guarantee complete accuracy  
of the financial statements.
We evaluated the overall adequacy of the presentation of information in the 
financial statements. We obtained all the information and explanations we 
required to support our opinion above.
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
58 | 

 
| 61
5500 
5501
7026 
0151
0300 
0574
1715 
1716
8987 
5548
0055 
3348
 NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010 
+64-9-375 2050 
+64-9-375 2051
+61-8-9331 8600 
+61-8-9331 8611 
Regional Offices
Bream Bay Aquaculture Park 
Station Road, Ruakaka 0116 
PO Box 147, Ruakaka 0151 
Tel +64-9-432 
Fax +64-9-432 
Auckland 
41 Market Place 
Auckland Central 1010 
Private Bag 99940 
Newmarket, Auckland 1149 
Tel  
Fax  
Hamilton 
Gate 10, Silverdale Road,  
Hillcrest, Hamilton 3216 
PO Box 11115, Hillcrest,  
Hamilton 3251 
Tel +64-7-856 
Fax +64-7-856 
Wellington 
301 Evans Bay Parade,  
Greta Point, Wellington 6021 
Private Bag 14901, Kilbirnie,  
Wellington 6241 
Tel +64-4-386 
Fax +64-4-386 
Nelson 
217 Akersten St, Port Nelson 
PO Box 893, Nelson 7040 
Tel +64-3-548 
Fax +64-3-548 
Christchurch 
10 Kyle Street,  
Riccarton, Christchurch 8011 
P O Box 8602, Christchurch 8440 
Tel +64-3-348 
Fax +64-3-348 
Lauder (Central Otago) 
State Highway 85, Lauder,  
Central Otago 9320 
Private Bag 50061, Omakau 9352, 
Central Otago  
Tel +64-3-440 
Fax +64-3-447 
Unidata Pty Ltd 
General Manager: Matt Saunders 
40 Ladner Street, 
O’Connor, WA 6163 
Australia 
Tel  
Fax  
www.unidata.com.au
2050
2051
Registered Office 
41 Market Place 
Auckland Central 1010 
New Zealand
Auditors
Deloitte on behalf of the Auditor-General
Bankers
ANZ National Bank of NZ Limited
Solicitors
Bell Gully 
Insurance broker
Marsh Limited
Head Office
41 Market Place 
Auckland Central 1010 
Private Bag 99940 
Newmarket, Auckland 1149 
New Zealand
Tel +64-9-375 
Fax +64-9-375 
[email address] 
[email address] 
[email address] 
[email address] 
[email address] 
[email address] 
[email address] 
[email address] 
[email address] 
This document has been printed using 
vegetable-based inks on Sumo Matt which 
is manufactured using FSC Certified Mixed 
Source, ECF pulp from Well Managed and 
Legally Harvested Forests. Produced under 
the strict environmental management 
system ISO 14001 which has established 
performance objectives and environmental 
management systems to prevent pollution, 
ensure compliance with regulations,  
and achieve continual improvement.
www.niwa.co.nz
Operations Management Team
Ken Becker, 
Regional Manager, Auckland
Dr Graham Fenwick, 
Assistant Regional Manager, Christchurch
Dr Ken Grange, 
Regional Manager, Nelson
Dr Julie Hall, 
Assistant Regional Manager, Wellington
Dr Terry Hume, 
Assistant Regional Manager, Hamilton
Dr Andrew Laing, 
Regional Manager, Wellington
Charles Pearson, 
Regional Manager, Christchurch/Lauder
Dr David Roper, 
Regional Manager, Hamilton
Michael Stobart, 
Regional Manager, Bream Bay 
[email address] 
[email address] 
[email address] 
[email address]  
[email address] 
[email address] 
[email address] 
- ori & Oceans
[email address]  
[email address] 
[email address]  
[email address] 
[email address]  
Science Management Team 
Nicholas Bain, 
Manager, Commercialisation
Dr Mark Bojesen-Trepka,  
[email address] 
Manager, Marketing & Industry Engagement
Andrew Forsythe, 
Chief Scientist, Aquaculture & Biotechnology
Alan Grey, 
Manager, FRST Research
Dr Clive Howard-Williams,  
[email address]  
Chief Scientist, Freshwater & Coasts
Dr Barb Hayden, 
Chief Scientist, Biodiversity & Biosecurity
Dr Rosemary Hurst, 
Chief Scientist, Fisheries
Dr John McKoy, 
Chief Scientist, Fisheries 
(Retired October 2010)
Dr Murray Poulter, 
Chief Scientist, Atmosphere, Natural Hazards, 
& Energy
Douglas Ramsay, 
Manager, Pacific Rim
Dr Charlotte Severne, 
Chief Scientist, Ma
Dr Jochen Schmidt, 
Chief Scientist, Environmental Information
Fred Smits, 
General Manager, Vessel Operations
Dr David Wratt,  
Chief Scientist, Climate 
[email address] 
[email address] 
[email address] 
[email address]  
[email address] 
 [email address]  
[email address] 
[email address] 
Executive Team
John Morgan,
Chief Executive
Dr Bryce Cooper, 
General Manager, Strategy
Dr Rob Murdoch, 
General Manager, Research
Kate Thomson, 
Chief Financial Officer & Company Secretary
Geoff Baird, 
General Manager, Communications & Marketing
Dr Barry Biggs, 
General Manager, Operations
Dr Mary-Anne Dehar, 
General Manager, Human Resources
Arian de Wit, 
General Manager, Information Technology
- ori name Taihoro Nukurangi  Ma
National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd and Group
DIRECTORY National Institute of Water   & Atmospheric Research Ltd
Directors
Christopher Mace (Chairman)
Craig Ellison (Deputy Chairman)
Ed Johnson 
Dr Wendy Lawson
Dennis Cairns
Helen Robinson 
Jason Shoebridge
NIWA ANNUAL REPORT 2010
NIWA’s
describes our work as studying the 
waterways and the interface between the 
Earth and the sky.
Taihoro is the flow and movement of water 
(from tai ‘coast, tide’, and horo which means 
‘fast moving’).
Nukurangi is the interface between the sea 
and the sky (i.e., the atmosphere).
Together, we have taken it to mean  
‘where the waters meet the sky’.
This ‘Annual Report’ is a companion  
volume to NIWA’s 2010 Year in Review, 
which gives an illustrated description  
of NIWA’s environmental science.  
That report is available at  
www.niwa.co.nz/pubs/ar or request  
a hard copy through [email address]
For enquiries, contact Michele Hollis, 
Communications Manager,  
[email address]
60 | 


National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd
d]Y\af_]fnajgfe]flYdk[a]f[]