Wairarapa-Wellington-Horowhenua
Regional Emissions Reduction Plan
Te Mahere ā-Rohe
Whakaheke Tukunga
2024–2030

About the Wellington Regional Leadership Committee
Mō te Kōmiti Whakahaere ā-Rohe ki Te Whanganui-a-Tara
The Wellington Regional Leadership Committee (WRLC) is a joint
regional partnership that brings mana whenua, local government
and central government together to work collaboratively to shape
future growth in the Wairarapa-Wellington-Horowhenua region.
See Figure 1 for all partners.
The WRLC looks for better ways of working together
The WRLC projects cover five broad key areas: iwi
to cultivate a region where people want to live, work
capacity, housing, climate, transport and economic
and thrive.
development. The Regional Emissions Reduction Plan
is one of three climate change-related projects, and
sits alongside the Regional Adaptation Plan and the
Regional Food Systems Strategy.
Figure 1: WRLC Partners
2 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Foreword from the Chair and Deputy Chair
He kupu arataki nā te Tiamana me te Tiamana Tuarua
We are delighted to present the first
whenua. The role of mana whenua as kaitiaki extends
Emissions Reduction Plan for the
beyond the environmental domain into guardianship
Wairarapa-Wellington-Horowhenua
and protection of all elements of the natural world,
region. This Plan draws attention to the
including decision-making over activities that could
issues and opportunities for our region
impact the natural world. The cultural diversity of
to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
each iwi and hapū is shaped by whakapapa and the
unique environment of the rohe of each iwi, such as
and sets out what actions the WRLC
coastal locations, an abundance of freshwater bodies,
in collaboration with others have
or the presence of specific maunga and landscape
committed to.
features. These elements strengthen the connection
The Plan supports the region’s Future Development
of the hauora or physical, spiritual, social and mental
Strategy which includes an objective to “plan
well-being of the people and the environment.
development for a low-carbon future, creating change
Along with iwi in the region, groups such as central
to rapidly reduce emissions (including emissions
government, local government, community, and
from transport) and meet our regional climate change
sectors are working hard to reduce emissions. The
objectives.” The Plan helps the Future Development
focus areas outlined in the Plan ensure that we don’t
Strategy achieve its objectives by accelerating
replicate this work, but instead focus on the areas
emissions reduction through developing cross-
where we can make the most impact on emission
boundary consensus on the most impactful strategic
reduction at a regional level. It will take our collective
actions the WRLC can take together.
efforts to make these opportunities a reality.
The WRLC recognises the imperative of working
together across the region for a better future. In
Darrin Apanui |
order to reduce our emissions, we need to reshape
Rangitāne o Wairarapa,
many of the systems that drive how we do things to
Te Ati Haunui a Pāpārangi,
reduce our impact on Papatūānuku, Mother Earth.
Ngāti Porou
Working together means we can build the systems
Chair, Wellington Regional
we need to thrive in a low emissions future and set
Leadership Committee
the course for an equitable transition, rather than
reacting to increasing adverse weather events that are
costly and reduce our quality of life.
Daran Ponter
Mana whenua have an important role to play in
Deputy Chair,
supporting the reduction of emissions as they are
Wellington Regional
kaitiaki through whakapapa, with a responsibility
Leadership Committee
to protect, replenish, and sustain te taiao me te
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 5

Executive summary
Whakarāpopototanga matua
The climate crisis is here and is already affecting our region.
Every fraction of a degree of warming matters to how climate
change will continue to affect our people and places across our
landscapes and communities. We need to act decisively now to
pick up the pace of change while we are within the brief window
of opportunity to make a difference. Taking action to reduce
emissions can improve our health, enhance our connections to
te taiao (environment), boost the local economy and provide
greater levels of resilience.
The WRLC is taking bold steps as laid out in this Regional
Emissions Reduction Plan to contribute to the global
effort to prevent the worse impacts of the climate crisis.
For context about what we need to achieve and why
reducing emissions is important for this region:
•
Globally we need to halve emissions by 2030 if we
are to have a 50% chance of staying within 1.5oC
above pre-industrial levels. Accordingly, the timeline
of this Plan is 2024-30.
•
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC), all pathways to limit warming to
1.5oC involve rapid and deep, and in most cases,
immediate greenhouse gas emissions reductions in
all sectors this decade.
•
In one year, the Wairarapa-Wellington region emits
3,852,625 tCO e and the Horowhenua district emits
2
819,053 tCO e1. Our main emissions sources are from
2
primary industries, transport and energy.
•
Delay in taking action will lock in high-emissions
infrastructure, raise risks of stranded assets and cost-
escalation, reduce feasibility, and increase losses
and damage.
Work is currently being done at both the national
and local levels to reduce emissions. This Plan
outlines the strategic actions and shifts that will make
the most difference in the Wairarapa-Wellington-
Horowhenua region.
1 Gross greenhouse gas emissions measured in carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide equivalents. The Wairarapa-Wellington figure is from the
2021-2022 reporting year and the Horowhenua reporting year is from 2018-2019 as this was the latest year with comparable data.
6 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

The focus of the Regional Emissions Reduction Plan is on sectors and areas that provide significant
opportunities for regional approaches. These are:
Transport and urban form – Planning for sustainable transport and urban form on a
regional level is necessary. Local government has significant levers available to make the key
shifts we need to reduce emissions. Transport is the second largest source of emissions in
our region and has the highest potential for co-benefits to our health and well-being through
cleaner air, more liveable cities and healthier communities.
Energy – Energy underpins everything we do. We need to reduce energy use as well as
electrify many activities currently powered by fossil fuels if we are to collectively reduce
emissions. Energy’s role in decarbonising other sectors means that regional energy emissions
are tipped to grow faster than other sources of regional emissions unless action is taken.
Circular economy – Circular approaches reduce GHG emissions by increasing the efficiency
of resources used within the economy. Solid waste makes up a small portion of our region’s
emissions, but overconsumption sits at the root of our climate change and ecological crises.
Circular economy principles include:
•
Design out waste and pollution,
•
Keep products and materials in use.
•
Regenerate natural living systems.
Productive land use and primary industries – Agricultural emissions are the largest
source of our region’s emissions . We will work with farmers and growers to increase farming
practices that help reduce emissions and increase resilience to grow food for the future that
is climate-friendly, reduces emissions and is of high value.
The four focus areas have different levels of priority
Having iwi as partners is a crucial part of making
across the region. Reducing agricultural emissions is
progress in emissions reduction in our region. Reports
particularly important for Kāpiti, Horowhenua and
indicate that Māori will be disproportionately impacted
Wairarapa. Conversely, the larger urban centres can have
by climate change, which can contribute to social,
more of an impact by reducing transport emissions. This
economic and health inequality outcomes.Māori take a
plan is informed by the aspirations and interests Māori
holistic view across te taiao, taking into consideration the
have across all these focus areas.
holistic wellbeing between people and all the elements of
Underpinning the focus areas are a combination of
nature through care and stewardship. WRLC iwi partner
quick actions that can be started right away to reduce
interests and aspirations are referenced in Te Tirohanga
emissions out to 2030, as well as enabling actions to set
Whakamua, a statement of iwi and hapū values and
us up to reach a net zero emissions future by 2050. The
aspirations for the Wairarapa-Wellington-Horowhenua
actions in the Plan will be reviewed every three years.
region. Te Tirohanga Whakamua therefore serves as the
basis of our partnership with iwi in this Plan.
This work helps to fill any gaps in emissions reduction
that are not filled by local and national scale actions
The Plan will be useful for policymakers, people in
and will be delivered collectively through the WRLC
sectors for which climate change is having or will have
partnership which includes WRLC iwi members, local
an impact, climate activists and the wider community.
government, and central government.
Figure 2, over the page, provides an overview of the
strategic framework for this Plan. Further information
can be found later in this document.
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 7

Figure 2. The strategic framework for the Regional Emissions Reduction Plan at a glance

U
We live in a flourishing low-emissions region
O
ISION
that meets current and future generations’ needs and aspirations, and is founded on Te Tiriti o Waitangi
TĀT
OUR V TĀ TIROHANGA
Protection of te taiao
Galvanise leadership
Systems change
Prioritise actions
Evidence-based
Reduce regional
ES
through kaitiakitanga
to make tough
that makes climate-
that provide
actions that bridge
emissions with a focus
V
and the realisation of
decisions at a pace
positive behaviour
co-benefits for
the gap between
on decarbonising sectors,
TI
C
tino rangatiratanga.
that sets us up
the easy choice
our communities
national and
and incorporating circular
HĀINGA
for the future
local action
economy principles.
OBJE W
Genuine partnership with mana whenua , including
Collaborate as a region
LES
through the implementation of Te Tirohanga Whakamua
Recognise we are
Enable an
to drive the big shifts to
(statement of iwi and hapū values and aspirations for the
part of nature
equitable transition
reduce emissions
TĀPONO
Wairarapa-Wellington-Horowhenua region).
RINCIP
P MĀ
Urban form and transport
Energy
Circular economy
Productive land use and primary industry
US AREAS ARONGA
FOC
8 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

About the Regional Emissions
Reduction Plan
Mō te Māhere ā-Rohe
Whakaheke Tukunga

To develop this Plan we:
•
Looked at the regional greenhouse gas
emissions stocktakes for 2018/19 and
2022/23.
•
Developed modelling of current and future
emissions scenarios.
•
Workshopped regional opportunities and
sector-specific barriers and opportunities
at a stakeholder and partner forum in July
2023 attended by over 100 people including
iwi partner representatives, council officers,
elected members, central government,
community, and sector representatives.
•
Heard from young people via a stall at
HOW THE PLAN WAS DEVELOPED
Wellington’s Festival for the Future in
The Regional Emissions Reduction Plan has been
June 2023.
developed by a collation of council representatives,
•
Heard from iwi representatives via a hui and
industry experts, central government representatives,
one-to-one discussions.
community members, and WRLC iwi members.
•
Further developed the ideas raised at the
The Plan’s core project team consisted of officers
forum into key actions by workshopping with
from all councils across the Wairarapa-Wellington-
project and steering group members, the
Horowhenua region, bringing climate change, regional
WRLC, and seeking advice from sector experts.
transport and land management expertise and
by representatives from Waka Kotahi, Kāinga Ora,
Wellington Electricity, Electra, and a number of youth
representatives.
At the public forum in July 2023, hosted by the WRLC,
there was strong support for working together as a
region to tackle climate change. Opportunities identified
included the power of galvanised leadership to advocate
for national direction and support, unlocking funding
opportunities, and taking a regionally planned approach
to action. A regionally focussed emissions reduction
plan was also seen as a vehicle to lift contributions from
all councils, engaging with sector stakeholders and local
iwi and community initiatives. There was an appetite
for providing opportunities to demonstrate effective
innovation to the rest of New Zealand.
10 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

PARTNERING WITH IWI
A project steering group provided additional sector-specific
WRLC iwi partners representatives for the
guidance to the project team and were made up of senior
Wairarapa-Wellington-Horowhenua region are:
staff from Greater Wellington Regional Council, Wellington
City Council, EECA, Transpower, Te Manatū Waka, Waka
•
Rangitāne Tū Mai Rā Trust representing
Kotahi, Kāinga Ora, the Wairarapa Economic Development
Rangitāne o Wairarapa Inc and Rangitāne o
Programme, and the Ministry for the Environment.
Tamaki nui a rua
•
Te Rūnanga o Toa Rangatira Inc representing
The Plan includes te ao Māori perspectives from the outset
Ngāti Toa Rangatira
of the Plan’s development. Conversations were initiated
with WRLC iwi partners from March 2023. WRLC iwi partner
•
Port Nicholson Block Settlement Trust
representatives took part in the May 2023 WRLC workshop
representing Taranaki Whānui ki Te Upoko o
on the Plan, the WRLC Annual Partners Forum in June 2023,
Te Ika
and in the partner and stakeholder public forum in July
•
Muaūpoko Tribal Authority representing the
2023. A facilitated workshop with WRLC iwi partners and one
seven Muaūpoko hapū
on one meetings were undertaken from October 2023.
•
Ngā Hapū o Ōtaki representing Te Rūnanga O
WRLC iwi partners have recommended that their
Raukawa Inc
perspectives and involvement in the Regional Emissions
•
Ngāti Kahungunu ki Wairarapa Tāmaki nui-a-
Reduction Plan be based on Te Tirohanga Whakamua:
Rua Settlement Trust
statement of iwi and hapū values and aspirations for
the Wairarapa-Wellington-Horowhenua region. Te
Tirohanga Whakamua was originally created for the
regional Future Development Strategy and is a dynamic,
living document, to be altered and added to over time.
While it was originally developed in a context focused on
urban development, Te Tirohanga Whakamua provides
a holistic lens across all aspects of the wellbeing of
people and the environment. For that reason, WRLC
iwi partners were of the view that it could equally be
applied to this Regional Emissions Reduction Plan.
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 11

How Te Tirohanga Whakamua links to the Regional Emissions Reduction Plan
Te hononga a Te Tirohanga Whakamua ki te Mahere ā-Rohe Whakaheke Tukunga
Te Tirohanga Whakamua (see the full statement on the next page, Figure 3) shows how perspectives shared
by iwi in our region can be organised from a te ao Māori worldview. From that starting point it is possible to
see the links or connecting threads between the Māori perspectives set out in the statement and the focus
areas in this Plan that are seen as important by other representatives and groups.
Whare element: Te tuāpapa or the foundation of
Whare element: Atop the four pou is te tuanui (roof),
the whare emphasises the role of mana whenua as
the future vision. ‘Ko te Tiriti o Waitangi te tūapapa o
Kaitiaki for our region and the responsibility everyone
ngā rautaki hapori tirohanga whakamua hei huhua te
has to protect, replenish and sustain te taiao me te
rangatiratanga o tēnā o tēnā o ngā iwi.’ This statement
whenua, the environment and the land.
emphasises aspirations of mana whenua for the future
Connecting thread: This foundation can be used as
of our region as one founded on Te Tiriti o Waitangi and
a basis for envisaging the way we partner with iwi and
realised through the tino rangatiratanga of tangata whenua
collaborate with all communities across our region on
Connecting thread: These pou stem from the
emissions reduction for the wellbeing of the people and
mātauranga Māori and intergenerational wisdom
the environment.
passed on to WRLC iwi partners through whakapapa
and shared as a taonga. The pou provide a te ao Māori
framing to deepen the knowledge, tools and expertise
Whare element: Upon the foundation rest four pou or
we as a community have available to draw on to help
pillars of the whare: Pou tahi: Rangatiratanga, Pou rua:
reduce emissions in our region.
Mātauranga Māori, Pou toru: Kotahitanga/ Ōritetanga/
Whare element:
Mana taurite, and Pou Wha: Kaitiakitanga. These pou
The whare is supported by six kōkiri
are important parts of Te o Māori, speaking to elements
or design principles. These are value statements to
such as self-determination, Māori worldviews and
guide and provide consistency in the way we plan for
knowledge, equity and unity, and holistic wellbeing.
and make decisions on the future of our region.
They are the central pillars of what sustains and holds
Connecting thread: The kōkiri include elements
up mana whenua and our communities into the future.
that contribute to emissions reductions initiatives,
Connecting thread: Reducing emissions is a vital
including supporting Treaty partnership, circular
part of ensuring the wellbeing of mana whenua, our
economy models, sustainable growth, removing barriers
communities and te taiao into the future.
that iwi face, investment that reduces inequality and
promotes economic growth and equipping future
generations to face challenges, such as climate change.
12 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Figure 3. Statement of iwi and hapu values and aspirations developed by iwi Leaders and the
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee

High-level ideas for how we can translate and apply these
elements of Te Tirohanga Whakamua into action can be
found in section entitled ‘Our focus for action: Making

things happen together’. They will be further refined in
consultation with iwi during the implementation phase of
the Regional Emissions Reduction Plan.

Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 13

Our climate is changing
E huri ana te tai āhuarangi
14 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

The climate crisis
Te tairaru o te āhuarangi
The dominant cause of our rapidly changing climate over recent
decades is human-caused global warming2. Most of the human-
caused climate change has been generated in the last century
and global emissions are continuing to rise.
Climate change worsens climate extremes, making our
drier, while the west coast including Kāpiti will become
heatwaves hotter, flooding more severe, droughts longer
wetter. Communities like Petone and Seaview will
and cyclones more intense. The climate crisis is and
face increasing pressure from sea level rise. As these
will continue to have wide-ranging impacts including
impacts are already beginning to happen, we need to
on our food supply, availability of safe drinking water,
work on emissions reduction in a committed way while
infrastructure, livelihoods, finance and geopolitics. A
also starting the process of adapting to the impacts that
stable climate and thriving natural environment are
we’re experiencing and are likely to see accelerate into
the basis for every aspect of our lives including the
the future.
economy. Everyone in our region will be affected by
A Wellington Regional Climate Change Impact
climate change in the coming years and decades. It
Assessment has been completed bringing together
is already having a significant impact on many lives.
a consistent regional evidence base of the climate
Reports indicate that Māori will be disproportionately
change risks and impacts over the next century. The
impacted by climate change, which can contribute to
assessment will provide findings regarding impacts to
social, economic and health inequality outcomes.
our communities, infrastructure, natural ecosystems,
In our region, we are anticipating a higher frequency
economy, and governance systems. A Regional Climate
and severity of weather events such as floods and
Adaptation Plan will be developed in response to the
droughts. It is expected that the Wairarapa will become
Assessment findings.
2 https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/chapter/chapter-3/
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 15

Why we need to act now
Nāianei tātou kōkiri ai
What could our
future hold?
What we do now matters a great deal to
the kind of future our tamariki (children)
He aha rā kei tua o nāianei?
will have.
Our future is up to us. The more
work we do now to enable and live
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has
low emissions lifestyles the better
concluded that we are in a brief and rapidly closing
window to secure a liveable future for humanity. Every
off we are likely to be in the future.
year of delay requires deeper cuts to emissions in future
Fortunately, many of the activities we do that fuel
years if we are to meet Paris Agreement targets of staying
climate change and are reliant on fossil fuels have
below 1.5oC of warming above pre-industrial levels.
cleaner, greener alternatives or are not required
We are already witnessing climate impacts at 1.1oC of
for us to live good lives. That is, we can provide
global warming - every fraction of a degree matters. At
what we need to live well and meet our needs
a sustained 1.5oC of warming, we risk reaching ‘tipping
without causing climate breakdown, among other
points’ in the climate system that may cause significant
catastrophic risks like biodiversity collapse.
warming that human actions cannot control. These
feedback loops do not bode well for our future. Taking
Taking the opportunity to enable low emissions
bold, sustained action now is necessary if we are to
lives can improve our health and wellbeing
secure a liveable future for the coming generations.
as many climate actions have significant co-
benefits such as cleaner air to breathe, thriving
While New Zealand is small in terms of population and
wildlife and more resilient communities. If
landmass, our per-person emissions are significant,
planned well, we can improve our energy
three times our share of global emissions based on
security, create meaningful green jobs and
population (we emit 0.17% of global emissions for a
reduce poverty. Not only is taking action the
population size of 0.06% of the global community)3. We
right thing to do but it is in our interest as
are part of a global community of smaller countries that
increasingly international trade agreements
make up 38.4% of worldwide emissions collectively after
require New Zealand to reduce emissions to
accounting for the seven largest emitting countries (plus
remain a viable trading partner, and access to
international shipping and aviation)4. A combination
fossil fuels becomes more challenging.
of overseas supplier demands and NZ consumer
expectations means that many NZ industries and sectors
If we act now, we can set our region up for the
are ramping up their emissions reduction activities to
future while improving our communities’ lives.
remain competitive.
As the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change report AR65 states:
Every bit of warming matters...
Every year matters and every choice matters.
3  https://environment.govt.nz/publications/new-zealands-greenhouse-gas-inventory-1990-2020-snapshot/#:~:text=In%202020%2C%20the%20
share%20of,of%20the%20world’s%20gross%20emissions.
4  https://genless.govt.nz/stories/new-zealand-isnt-too-small-to-make-a-difference/
https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/about/foreword/
5  https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/about/foreword/
16 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Our emissions, targets
and modelling
Ā tātou tukunga , whāinga me
ngā whakatauiratanga
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 17

2
AECOM
Our region’s two major sources of emissions are from
in Appendix One. This information is only available at a
burning petrol and diesel as energy to power vehicles,
regional level and does not include Horowhenua.
as well as from animals we farm (through their digestive
This Regional Emissions Reduction Plan uses existing
processes). Electricity and gas to power our economy
emissions reduction targets. For the purposes of
and homes are the next largest sources of emissions.
•
Emissions from Waste decreased by 15% betw modelling, we have used bo
een 2018/19 and 2021/ th na
22 (3 tional and r
7,126
e
tCO2gional
e),
mainly
Waste, in particular landfill emissions, is a sizeable
due to improvements in landfil  gas capture.
targets to show us where the gaps are between
source of emissions though this is decreasing following
•
committed actions and targets. The modelling was then
ac
  tions such as the ins
Emissions fro talla
m St tion of me
ationar thane c
y Ener ap
gy ture
de  creased by 5% between 2018/19 and 2021/22 (32,182
tCO2e), mainly due to decreased use of fossil  used alongside s
fuel electricity  tak
gen eholder and p
eration in t artner input t
he national o guide
grid.

systems by several councils in the region. Industrial
our focus areas and prioritise actions for this Regional
pr
•  ocesses, avia
Emissi tion, and marine shipping all c
ons from Agriculture decreontribut
ased e
by   1% (20,379 tCO
Emissions Reduc
2e) and emissions from IPPU
tion Plan. Both the modelling and
to our over
decr all emissions pr
eased by
ofile. The Wellingt
1% (1,311 tCO2
on re
e) betw gional
een
2018/19 and 2021/22.
targets are outlined in Appendix One.
emissions pr
•
ofile is outlined in Figure 4 and explained

Net Forestry sequestration increased by 545,702 tCO2e between 2018/19 and 2021/22, from
-1,735,345 tCO2e to -2,281,047 tCO2e. Emissions from exotic forestry decreased due to an
increase in the area of exotic forest and emissions related to harvesting decreased by 20%.
Figure 4. Wellington region gross greenhouse gas emissions 2021-2022 by source

Greater Wellington Emissions Inventory for 2021/22
6  Data for the Greater Wellington region’s data (Wellington-Wairarapa) has been used.
18 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Figure 1: Greater Wellington 2021/22 Emissions Footprint
https://aecomaus.sharepoint.com/sites/CCF/Shared Documents/GWRC CCF FY22/3.
Reports/GWRC_EmissionsInventory_2022_Region_230609_Final.docx
Revision 1 – 09-Jun-2023
Prepared for – Greater Wellington Regional Council – Co No.: N/A

HOW OUR EMISSIONS ARE CHANGING
Scientific analysis and technological improvements over
several decades have given us information and tools
to reduce emissions. As a region, we have been taking
action to reduce emissions and have seen some success.
Our emissions reduced from the 2018-2019 year to the
2021-2022 year by 9%. 7However, a significant amount of
this reduction was from transport emissions including
aviation which were affected by COVID-19 lockdowns.
For example, aviation emissions reduced from 16.4%
of transport emissions for 2018/19 to 8% of transport
emissions in 2021/22. Without continued focus on
reducing transport emissions we can expect reductions
like these to rebound.
Emissions from waste decreased by 15% between
2018/19 and 2021/22. This is in part because councils
including Wellington, Porirua and Hutt City have
installed methane gas capture systems in landfills.
We are making progress, but we need to move further
and faster to reach our targets.
7 https://www.gw.govt.nz/assets/Documents/2023/06/GWRC_EmissionsInventory_2022_Region_230609_Final.pdf
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 19

Our strategic approach
Tā Tātou Ahunga Whānui
20 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

This Plan is a contribution to wider efforts to take climate action and is
focused at a regional level on the areas in which we can drive for change
through leadership and taking a collaborative, regional approach.
In the sections below, we set out our vision and objectives for regional
emissions reduction.

We live in a flourishing low-emissions region
U
O
that meets current and future generations’ needs and aspirations,
ISION
and is founded on Te Tiriti o Waitangi
TĀT
OUR V TĀ TIROHANGA
We have clear objectives for this plan
Mārama pū ana ā tātou whāinga mō te mahere nei
With this plan, we will
change that creates the environment for behaviour
change. This should inspire and empower community
PROTECT TE TAIAO THROUGH
action and initiatives by others, not replace them.
KAITIAKITANGA AND THE REALISATION
OF TINO RANGATIRATANGA.
PRIORITISE ACTIONS THAT PROVIDE
Working towards a flourishing low-emissions region
CO-BENEFITS FOR OUR COMMUNITIES
for our communities and for their mokopuna (future
Acting on climate change can have significant co-
descendants) requires an ongoing relationships based on
benefits for health, resilience, household costs,
Te Tiriti and realised through the tino rangatiratanga of
biodiversity and more. We can choose to take actions
the tangata whenua of our region.
that have the most benefit, particularly for those who
GALVANISE LEADERSHIP TO MAKE TOUGH
are in the greatest need.
DECISIONS AT A PACE THAT SETS US UP
SUPPORT EVIDENCE-BASED REGIONAL
FOR THE FUTURE
ACTIONS THAT BRIDGE THE GAP BETWEEN
Bold action is required to get us on the right track to
NATIONAL AND LOCAL ACTION
emissions reduction in our region. Choices need to be
Work to reduce emissions is already underway at a
made by leaders that balance trade-offs and create
national and local level, as well as through community-
new opportunities. Some of these are better tackled
based initiatives. This plan complements these actions
together and the WRLC can provide the support, focus
at a regional level.
and consistency that embolden leadership to make
important calls.
REDUCE REGIONAL EMISSIONS WITH A
FOCUS ON DECARBONISING SECTORS,
ENABLE SYSTEMS CHANGE THAT
AND INCORPORATING CIRCULAR
MAKES CLIMATE-POSITIVE BEHAVIOUR
ECONOMY PRINCIPLES.
THE EASY CHOICE
The Plan focuses largely on emissions reduction
Some of the ways our systems and plans work make
within the region’s high-emitting sectors, rather
it harder for our community to “do the right thing”
than on carbon sequestration. Alongside of this,
and make choices that reduce emissions. We must
shifting from linear thinking to using circular
acknowledge the interconnections of different systems
economy principles will help to create a system
that all together play a part in how we live. While we all
that is good for people and the environment.
need to contribute, our leaders can help drive the system
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 21

Principles guide our decisions
E arahina ana tātou e ngā mātāpono
We will apply guiding principles to decisions we make
RECOGNISE WE ARE PART OF NATURE
across this plan and any resulting projects.
We recognise the kaitiaki of our region and the
responsibility everyone has to protect, replenish and
GENUINE PARTNERSHIP WITH MANA WHENUA,
INCLUDING THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION
sustain te taiao me te whenua, the environment and
OF TE TIROHANGA WHAKAMUA.
the land.
Empowering mana whenua through genuine
If we are to live sustainably, we must acknowledge that
partnership serves as a guiding beacon through this
we are part of the natural world, sustained, and also
transition. Tino Rangatiratanga, as a guiding principle,
limited by our planet’s resources. Climate change is
encompasses more than decision-making authority; it
one of many interconnected issues we face including
embodies the broader concept of self-determination
biodiversity loss, plastic pollution, and environmental
and autonomy for mana whenua.
degradation. Only if nature is well, can we thrive.
In the context of emissions reduction, it means
ENABLE AN EQUITABLE TRANSITION
recognising and respecting the right for mana whenua
We are in a period of great transformation and
to exercise control over their traditional lands,
disruption – we can use this transition to address past
resources, and cultural practices. Mātauranga Māori, and
and ongoing injustices and work towards our shared
all the knowledge, wisdom and understanding passed
goal of wellbeing for all.
on through generations, is recognised and valued as
a taonga. The visibility and free expression of Māori
COLLABORATE AS A REGION TO DRIVE THE
identity is foundational to the way our region reduces
BIG SHIFTS
its emissions, including through tikanga (cultural
Making impactful change requires collaboration at a
principles) and kawa (cultural practices).
regional scale between councils, central government,
This is the foundation for an ongoing collaborative and
iwi, community and sectors. Together we can create
equitable relationship between mana whenua and local
system shifts that are above and beyond what we could
government and central government, and is expressed
do alone.
through the wording of Te Tirohanga Whakamua.
22 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Our focus for action: Making
things happen together
Tā tātou aronga: Kia kotahi ai
te whakatutukitanga
23 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Annual Report 2022–2023

We have identified key shifts and priority actions at a regional level
to reduce carbon emissions across key sectors or focus areas.
The key shifts include:
Across these key shifts we take into account

System-wide change to provide more
opportunities for emissions reduction, wider impacts
sustainable transport options for more
on other planetary boundaries, and co-benefits for
people and support the building of
action. We also understand that evolving the way we
communities where people can get
make decisions around climate change mitigation can
around without relying on fossil-fuel-
empower communities and enable tino rangatiratanga
based transport.
(self-determination for Māori).

Collaborate as a region to understand
In the following sections, we outline our plans for
current and future energy infrastructure
making the shifts across focus areas and set out priority
needs and reduce demand.
actions for each.

Embed circular economy approaches
These actions have been rated either high, medium
into our region to design out waste and
or low in terms of the potential to directly reduce
pollution to create greater efficiencies
emissions, and to enable future emissions reduction
and economic growth through
activities to be carried out.
innovation and design.

Supporting central government and
industry emissions reduction efforts in
primary industries, and at a regional
level helping farmers learn more about
on-farm de-carbonisation options and
increasing resilience of the landscapes
used for food production.
24  | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Transport and urban form
Te ao huarahi, nōhanga hoki
The region is currently home to over half a million people with an
estimated 200,000 more people expected to call this place home
over the next 30 years.
In the last few years changes to central government
policy have encouraged more dense housing near public
The way we live in communities and how
transport nodes including the National Policy Statement
we move about is deeply linked. The more
on Urban Development 2020 (updated May 2022)8.
concentrated our urban areas are, the easier
This legislation required councils to produce a Future
it is to provide connecting infrastructure, the
Development Strategy (FDS) to plan for accommodating
further away, the longer we have to travel.
future population growth.
This makes urban form – what our towns
and cities look and feel like – a key driver for
The FDS prioritises development in areas along strategic
reducing emissions. The Wairarapa-Wellington-
public transport network corridors (to reduce reliance
Horowhenua Future Development Strategy
on cars) over greenfield development (which is more
and Wellington Transport Emissions Reduction
emissions-intensive). This region’s FDS also notes that
Pathway are key documents that augment
we will need to provide more services, amenities and
this Plan. These documents support each
spaces for our communities including green spaces,
other and together support action to reduce
parks and educational, health and community facilities.
emissions by shaping how and where we live,
The FDS will have an implementation plan that will
our work and travel.
include the infrastructure needed to support our

population growth whilst moving towards a low
A sustainable transport system can reduce our
emissions region. The FDS is required to be reviewed
transport emissions while improving wellbeing through
every three years. In order to further reduce emissions,
enabling better health outcomes, cleaner air and more
the next iteration of the FDS should incorporate:
connected communities. Making urgent system changes
•
even more integrated public transport and urban
in transport is key to meeting our overall emissions
form, and
reduction targets as it can deliver quick wins while we
•
a continued focus on development and density
work on sectors that take longer to deliver reductions.
along public transport networks.
The Wairarapa-Wellington-Horowhenua region has
The first National Emissions Reduction Plan, released
many urban towns and cities that are served to varying
in May 2022 sets a target for Aotearoa New Zealand to
degrees by public transport. These towns and cities
reduce transport sector emissions by 41% by 20359. In
can be enhanced to create dense clusters of walkable
response to this target, the Greater Wellington Regional
communities within existing railway and bus routes with
Council is developing a Wellington Transport Emissions
improved services. Well-connected networks of bike lanes,
Reduction Pathway (WTERP). This is a significant piece
enjoyable walking routes,and fast and frequent public
of work that will create the conditions for a more
transport are important to provide people with choices for
liveable, low-emissions region in the coming years
how to get around that continue to protect our planet.
and decades. The WTERP aims to make it easier to get
around without a car, help people make the shift to
electric vehicles and encourage low emissions freight.
8 https://environment.govt.nz/publications/national-policy-statement-on-urban-development-2020-updated-may-2022/
9 https://environment.govt.nz/what-government-is-doing/areas-of-work/climate-change/emissions-reduction-plan/
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 25

Councils and central governments are already investing in
Beyond land transport, aviation and coastal shipping
large-scale transformative projects such as investment in
also contribute to our regions’ emissions. Aviation is
new trains, bike networks and pedestrian improvements
an area where the technology to enable the sector to
to reduce dependency on private vehicles.
reduce emissions is still being developed, including
Iwi in our region support the improvement and use of
developing biofuel infrastructure and the technology
public transport and the ready availability of electric
for electric planes. Alternatives to flying in our region
motor vehicles and electric vehicle infrastructure to
could include the provision of long-distance train
facilitate the transition to a low emissions economy.
travel. Better integration of coastal shipping with
The development of public transport infrastructure
rail could play a role in reducing our emissions.
supports the mobility and accessibility of people and
Organisations like CentrePort are working on reducing
communities. This includes access to rural areas and
emissions from transport through micro-grids, using
places of cultural significance to mana whenua, such as
electric container transfer vehicles and providing an
marae or sites where cultural activities take place. When
on-shore power source for ferries.
rangatiratanga is realised, regional growth is planned
so that mana whenua are able to maintain traditional
settlement patterns and activities. A thriving future
means housing is affordable, builds communities, and
is designed in line with living building principles. It also
means urban design in our region includes Māori urban
design approaches.
26 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

To take action and reduce emissions in transport and urban form the WRLC will:
1
Endorse and implement (through member organisations) the
Wellington Transport Emissions Reduction Pathway (WTERP)
Directly reduce emissions: High
Land transport is our highest source of transport emissions. The WTERP
once approved by the Regional Land Transport Committee, will provide
a comprehensive pathway for reducing emissions in this area. The
Enable future emissions reduction: High
Regional Land Transport Plan already has an ambitious target of a 35%
reduction in transport emissions from 2018 levels by 2035.
The WTERP interventions fall into three broad areas:
-  Less car-centric cities and towns (covering public transport investment,
urban form and travel demand management)
-  Cleaner vehicle fleet
-  Smarter freight
2
Develop a best practice urban design toolkit for more resilient, low-
carbon towns and cities.
Directly reduce emissions: Medium
Urban form is key to reducing car dependency and land transport
emissions. The toolkit will take best practice and apply it to our local
context, from cities to rural towns. It will be able to address multiple
Enable future emissions reduction: High
challenges, and wide-ranging co-benefits from thriving economies to
nature-based solutions.
This accessible, visual toolkit will help elected members, planners,
developers, community members, iwi/hapu, and stakeholders to actively
engage in conversations on good urban design for enhanced liveability
and reduced car dependency.
3
Develop and undertake a pilot that reduces transport emissions
at a neighbourhood level by ensuring quick and easy access to
amenities, public transport and active travel options.
Directly reduce emissions: Medium
If people can access important amenities (e.g. library, supermarket, GP)
close to where they live including active modes and public transport, this

reduces transport emissions.
Enable future emissions reduction:
We will identify a suitable neighbourhood linked to the Future Development
Medium
Strategy to run the pilot in. The pilot would be undertaken with councils,
iwi, community, and other key stakeholders. Learnings can be applied
across the region.
4
Promote and support localised co-working hubs.
Directly reduce emissions: Low
This action aims to reduce commuter demand on transport infrastructure
by making better use of underutilised buildings and/or new developments
in local centres.
Enable future emissions reduction:
Low-Medium
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 27

5
Facilitate local economic development and job creation through the
increased provision of suitable industrial land.
Directly reduce emissions: Low-Medium
Encourage dispersed employment locations leading to reduced travel
time and distance to and from work.
Enable future emissions reduction: Medium
6
Advocate for re-instating intra-regional long-distance rail services.
Directly reduce emissions: High
Providing lower emissions alternatives to flying and driving can reduce
transport emissions. Several intra-regional routes could replace or
provide alternatives to flying or driving that could be advocated for by
Enable future emissions reduction: High
the WRLC.
7
Advocate for upgrades to the electricity network so that
Wellington Airport and Centreport can continue to enable their
decarbonisation plans.
Directly reduce emissions: Medium
Advocate to the electricity sector to provide these organisations with
adequate infrastructure. These organisations are also investigating other

fuel sources such as hydrogen.
Enable future emissions reduction: HIgh
CentrePort aims to create a micro-grid that will enable shore power to
large ships to reduce fuel consumption by these ships while they are in
port. This will require investment in electricity network assets.
Wellington Airport requires certainty of supply for EV chargers, helping
hire car companies electrify, getting rid of gas boilers etc. In the future,
high volumes of electricity may be needed for electric planes.
28 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Energy
Pūngao
Energy underpins everything we do in our lives. Energy is required to
move our bodies, heat and cool buildings, power appliances,
manufacture goods, transport people and freight.
In New Zealand, approximately 60% of our primary
The WRLC could support the energy transition by
energy (meaning energy created directly from the actual
contributing to the increased wind and solar capacity
resource) is non-renewable10. The largest overall source
as well as solid biofuels to provide process heat. There
of energy emissions is fossil fuel (petrol and diesel)
is also a potential role to play in supporting small-scale
which is used in vehicles and machines.
distributed renewable energy generation like micro-
87% of electricity was generated from renewable sources;
grids alongside government ministries and agencies like
hydroelectric, geothermal, and wind in 2022. There was
the Ministry of Business Innovation and Employment
record generation from both wind and geothermal along
and ECCA (Energy Efficiency & Conservation Authority).
with above average hydro lakes inflows.
Per capita energy consumption in NZ has more than
To reduce impacts from climate change and air pollution
tripled since 196011. This is despite all the energy-
we need to reduce energy use as well as shift from fossil
efficient technologies we have adopted. This also points
fuels to renewable energy, also called decarbonisation.
to over-consumption being the root cause of climate
Moving away from fossil fuels to renewable sources
change and other environmental harm.
will build resilience by reducing exposure to the global
We need to be efficient in our energy use and try to
supply and price shock of fossil fuels and addressing our
reduce demand. One way to reduce energy is to improve
declining domestic gas reserves.
our buildings. Residential buildings in particular need
It is important that the national grid supplying our
to be well-insulated to reduce reliance on coal during
region can service demand. The level of future demand
winter peaks. Retrofitting homes and ensuring high
is somewhat uncertain as we can create efficiencies
energy efficiency in new buildings can provide dry
in activities where energy is wasted (i.e. heat escaping
healthy housing improving our community’s health.
from uninsulated buildings), while some activities which
Housing is an issue of great importance to iwi our region.
traditionally use fossil fuels (i.e powering buses and cars)
Well-functioning energy infrastructure supports meeting
may require more electricity which will increase demand.
the objective of all Māori and all communities in our
region being housed in a warm, safe environment. The
realisation of rangatiratanga and regional sustainability
Electrification and planning for other energy
goals are also supported through the provision to
sources are key to decarbonising the region at
communities of individual off-grid technology to
pace. Defining infrastructure requirements and
redistribute power, water and other utilities.
location (some infrastructure will require sizeable
real estate and investment) at a regional scale
will make it quicker and easier to electrify. There
is an important coordination opportunity here to
identify where to plan and invest in order for the
region to grow, rapidly decarbonise, and avoid
energy hardship. Iwi participation and inclusion
of NGOs to represent the community and ensure
a socially equitable approach is taken are key to
this regionally coordinated approach.
10 https://www.mbie.govt.nz/assets/energy-in-new-zealand-2023.pdf
11 https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.ELEC.KH.PC?locations=NZ
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 29

To take action to reduce our emissions and make the big shifts needed for energy the WRLC will:
8
Develop an Energy Roadmap for the region.
Directly reduce emissions: Low-Medium
This project includes:
Part 1: removing roadblocks to council electrification by creating a
council/sector Energy Coordination group to document needs and
Enable future emissions reduction:
requirements. Connection with EECA and Transpower will help remove
Medium
roadblocks for local councils to decarbonise through electrification,
including the roll-out of EV chargers, EV bus depots, and gas boiler
replacement. Planning together with Electricity Distribution Businesses
(EDBs) will create efficiencies.
Part 2: The development of a Multi-Sector Regional Energy Roadmap.
This would outline energy users’ long term energy requirements,
aspirations and roadblocks so that central government and EDBs know
where to plan and invest for the region to grow and rapidly decarbonise,
and to coordinate energy demand reduction efforts.
Part 3: Additionally, the group can help fast-track local implementation
of central government programmes e.g. National EV charging network,
and Regional Energy Transition Accelerator.
9
Investigate local energy generation and community micro-grids.
Directly reduce emissions: Medium
Investigate investment into local generation such as community-
level micro-grids (including storage) via funds like MBIE’s Community
Renewable Energy Fund. Investigate supporting developers to implement
Enable future emissions reduction:
microgrids in developments, especially in a denser-housing context.
Medium
Kāinga Ora and Wellington Electricity could share learnings from their
Wellington Energy Sharing Pilot. Local energy sharing can increase
resilience and alleviate pressure on the national grid while large-scale
renewable energy is being developed.
30 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

10
Make a move to reduce reliance on gas by avoiding demand growth
and phasing out existing use.
Directly reduce emissions: Medium
This action aligns with the Climate Change Commission’s 2021 advice.
Fossil gas makes up 34% of emissions from our region’s Stationary Energy

emissions. There is estimated to be less than ten years’ worth of gas
Enable future emissions reduction:
reserves left in NZ12, and renewable gas alternatives are in their infancy.
Medium
The transition away from fossil gas use needs to be timed so that the
energy sector has the capacity to manage the increased demand.
We will investigate opportunities to avoid additional/new demand for fossil
gas from new residential and commercial users while supporting the phase-
out of existing fossil gas use through education and support packages.
Gas should be used as a transition fuel where an alternative energy
source is not cost-efficient, to protect network resiliency and customers
from sudden changes as the region decarbonises. This would need to be
paired with encouraging and incentivising network-controlled devices to
shift unnecessary peak demand load.
11
Support more energy-efficient homes.
Directly reduce emissions: Medium
We need to make sure our houses are warm and dry while using as little
energy as possible. We plan to advocate to central government to fund

larger-scale residential retrofit programmes, and Eco Design Advisors
Enable future emissions reduction:
at councils, while also expanding current work (e.g Warmer Kiwi Homes
Medium
programme) to reduce energy demand from household heating in winter
peak, along with incentivizing new smart devices that can be controllable
for flexibility. These measures will:
-  create energy efficiencies
-  help with capacity constraints, and provide the ability to shift flexible
energy usage to times of day when there is less demand on non-
renewable energy sources.
-  reduce our energy emissions.
12 https://www.mbie.govt.nz/about/news/petroleum-reserves-data-shows-decline-in-gas-reserves/#:~:text=Estimated%20gas%20reserves%20
have%20now,2021%20and%20183PJs%20for%202020.
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 31

Circular economy
He ōhanga āmio
Adopting approaches to support a more circular economy and efficient
resource use sets us up for a low-emissions future, is a high priority for iwi,
and has multiple co-benefits.
In a circular economy, waste and pollution are
designed out to keep resources in use for as long as
The essence of circular thinking has been part
possible. Materials are then recovered or regenerated
of te ao Māori for centuries – from viewing all
to be used again or for other products. Circular
things as interconnected, to preserving the
economy principles include
earth’s natural resources for future generations.
•
Design out waste and pollution,
Iwi in our region support circular economy
•
Keep products and materials in use.
approaches, in part, as a way to transition to
a lower emissions future. This means there is
•
Regenerate natural living systems.
movement away from a linear economy model
The way resources are used can have a big impact on
towards a circular approach, and development
our emissions. Emissions are generated throughout our
is informed by nature-based solutions wherever
supply chain and waste significantly contributes to our
possible. A thriving future means consumption is
emissions profile. Taking a more circular approach to our
reduced as waste is being designed out, products
economy means that we need to re-design many of our
and materials are kept in circulation, and natural
production, manufacturing and processing systems.
living systems are regenerating. It also means
Circular approaches reduce greenhouse gas emissions
that to support sustainability, green housing and
by increasing the efficiency of resources used within
green infrastructure is used in urban areas.
the economy. In general, circular approaches favour
activities that preserve energy, labour, and materials,
Individuals can send a message about their
which means products are designed for durability,
sustainability preferences by voting with their wallets.
reuse, remanufacturing, and recycling to keep products,
However, it is large organisations, such as government,
components, and materials circulating in the economy.
who can set ethical and environmental standards for
Transitioning to a circular economy is seen as a crucial
procurement, and drive competition and innovation
strategy for addressing the environmental challenges
with their spending power. Procurement practices that
associated with climate change and resource depletion.
favour low carbon and sustainable products contribute
It can also drive innovation and investment in more
to the responsible management of natural resources,
climate-friendly industries and encourage economic
ensuring their availability for future generations,
development that does not increase our emissions
reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with the
overall. This way, circular approaches can provide
production and use of goods and services.
new business and job opportunities while introducing
The first National Emissions Reduction Plan13 sets
stronger environmental credentials.
out actions led by central government, which starts
by developing a circular economy and bioeconomy
strategy and investing in data collection and research.
It will then seek to integrate circular practices across
government, communities and businesses. Key
actions include supporting households and businesses
to reduce organic waste and diverting organic and
construction waste from landfills.
13 https://environment.govt.nz/publications/aotearoa-new-zealands-first-emissions-reduction-plan/
32 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 33

Much of our waste emissions come from biogenic
methane – largely generated by the decomposition of
In our region, we are working hard to reduce
organic waste (such as food, garden, wood and paper
waste and manage it better. But there is more
waste). While waste contributes a small percentage of
we can do. The Wellington and Wairarapa
our total emissions, biogenic methane has a warming
councils of the region have collaborated to
effect 28 times greater than carbon dioxide. Under
produce a proposed Waste Management and
the Waste Minimisation Act 2008, councils hold the
Minimisation Plan (WMMP) 2024-29. This plan
responsibility to promote effective and efficient waste
agrees objectives and policies for effective and
management within each district.
efficient forms of minimising waste. One of the
key objectives of the Wellington Regions WMMP
Taking steps to reduce, recycle and recover greater
is to increase circularity through waste and
volumes of organic waste – and improve services and
resource recovery infrastructure and services.
infrastructure – will also create opportunities. These
Horowhenua District Council will also be
steps will support the shift to a circular economy, create
renewing their WMMP shortly with the current
new employment and business opportunities, improve
version identifying avoiding the creation of waste
the ability to dispose of waste responsibly and generate
as a top priority.
cost savings for households and businesses.
There are opportunities to significantly
increase and upgrade infrastructure, facilities
and services to enable solid progress towards
minimising waste and improving our drive
towards a circular economy in the region. Two
new facilities and services are in development
– one for food and green waste and one for
construction and demolition waste. These two
waste sources make up two-thirds of waste
going to landfill14. Key to the success of these
facilities will be a change in behaviour so that
the construction and demolition industry put
in place processes to sort and transport their
waste to the appropriate facility.
A number of recycling, repairing, local production and
waste reduction initiatives are happening at a local level.
This includes local community composting facilities,
upcycling shops and repair workshops.
There is a regional opportunity to get more value out
of biological waste and products. For example, organic
waste from farms and horticulture as well as woody
biomass, or slash from forestry can be turned into energy.
Wood pellets can help replace heating with fossil fuels.
14 https://environment.govt.nz/assets/Emissions-reduction-plan-
chapter-15-waste.pdf
34 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

To ensure we benefit from more efficient resource use and innovation of a circular economy while reducing waste the
WRLC will:
12
Facilitate WRLC partners to change their procurement policies or
practices to include a requirement for a vendor emissions reduction
plan as part of major projects (e.g a roading project, new stop banks).
Directly reduce emissions: Medium
Across WRLC partners there are many big operational and capital spend
projects that involve contracts with key industry players. WRLC partner

organisations requiring vendor Emissions Reduction Plans can create
Enable future emissions reduction: Medium a system shift in the market whereby vendors focus more effort on how
they may reduce emissions including in their supply chain.
13
Work with EECA to investigate feasibility of circular principles in
organic waste-to-energy.
Directly reduce emissions: Low
Making better use of organic waste by using it for innovative products
or turning it into renewable energy reduces energy emissions and uses
circular economy principles that support economic development. We
Enable future emissions reduction:
support EECA’s Regional Energy Transition Accelerator work, which includes
Medium
using biomass to support the phasing out of fossil-fuel-based energy
sources. By linking a waste source to an industry need we can reduce
emissions in waste as well as energy and support local job creation.
14
Support further development of and investment in infrastructure
and facilities to encourage waste diversion.
Directly reduce emissions: Low-Medium
Diverting waste to be reused helps stimulate the bioeconomy and is
more resource efficient especially for materials that can provide valuable
feedstock such as woody biomass for bioenergy or other products that
Enable future emissions reduction:
reduce reliance on fossil fuels. This is of particular importance for:
Medium
-  plastic waste
-  organic waste which is particularly high in methane emissions and can
be turned into compost
-  woody biomass from forestry which can be turned into energy, and also
-  timber from construction and demolition waste which often can be re-used
15
Advocate for waste management initiatives which encourage
behaviour change and product stewardship.
Directly reduce emissions: Low
Many initiatives relating to how products are produced or imported
and how waste is managed go beyond regional boundaries. We can
advocate on behalf of the Regional Waste Management and Minimisation
Enable future emissions reduction:
Committee to support initiatives which encourage behaviour change in
Medium
how we manage waste, and provide leadership in encouraging product
stewardship to support the development and strengthening of a more
circular economy.
16
Support regional pilot projects that promote collaboration and skills
sharing between different community groups working in the waste
reduction space.
Directly reduce emissions: Low
There is an opportunity to help coordinate funding and accelerate
innovation from our community to help reduce waste and create higher-
value products. These initiatives get community engaged and can provide
Enable future emissions reduction:
educational opportunities on topics like composting and repairing.
Low-Medium
This plays an important role in reducing waste emissions and promoting
circular economy principles.
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 35

Productive land use and primary industries
Te ahu whenua hua nui me ngā ahu matua
Our region is rich in diverse soils providing opportunities
for primary industries to thrive, support our growing
urban population, and provide goods for the export market. From
the vegetables grown in Horowhenua to agriculture and wine in the
Wairarapa, our region encompasses diverse primary industries. The
native and exotic forests across the region help close the gap between
our regional emissions and our targets.
Emissions from food production are significant. In our
region, agricultural emissions make up 39% of the
Reduction in agricultural emissions is an
Wellington and Wairarapa region’s emissions. This is
important part of meeting New Zealand’s 2050
slightly lower than the national level, with agricultural
target, including the requirement to reduce
emissions making up 50% of Aotearoa New Zealand’s
biogenic methane emissions by 24–47% by 2050
gross greenhouse gas emissions, including most of our
nationwide16. Reducing agricultural emissions
nitrous oxide and biogenic methane emissions15.
will also enhance Aotearoa New Zealand’s
Agricultural operations impact climate change directly
reputation as a low-emissions and trusted
through emissions, including biogenic methane, nitrous
provider of agricultural products. The industry is
oxide and carbon dioxide, and indirectly through
experiencing overseas supply chain pressures.
its value chain when produce is processed and
For example, Fonterra and other large industry
transported. Operations are also impacted by climate
representatives are working on improving the
change directly through the changing physical climate
emission profile across the industry through
and indirectly through changing markets, society
decarbonising industrial plants and supporting
and policy responses. The impacts of climate change
farmers to make operational improvements.
on our farms, people and animals are not evenly
distributed. The breadth and diversity of land use and
farm types mean some are more exposed while others
The first National Emissions Reduction Plan outlines
can harness opportunities.
actions to build on the efforts of farmers, growers,
businesses, sector bodies and government agencies
A changing climate already impacts what we can grow,
to deliver a low-emissions future and resilient rural
where and how. Severe weather events are set to
communities. These actions are seen to work in
increase, fluctuating between flooding and drought.
line with other key initiatives aimed at improving
We need to encourage practices that lower emissions
productivity, environmental performance and
and ensure our productive land use is resilient in a
overall resilience in the primary sector. Key actions
changing climate.
in the National Emissions Reduction Plan relating to
primary industries include accelerating mitigation
technologies, and supporting producers to make
changes through advice and building of knowledge.
15 https://environment.govt.nz/publications/aotearoa-new-zealands-first-emissions-reduction-plan/agriculture/#:~:text=Agricultural%20
emissions%20make%20up%2050,47%20per%20cent%20by%202050.
16 https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2002/0040/latest/LMS282014.html
36 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

The regional focus is currently on supporting farmers
A Regional Food Systems Strategy is in development
with land management advice through the Greater
and aims to foster a regionally coordinated approach to
Wellington Regional Council. This includes farm plans
sustainable and accessible food production.
(focused on water quality and soil erosion) which have
This includes:
a co-benefit of reducing emissions. Horizons Regional
•
A collective approach or framework for realising
Council (which includes the Horowhenua District) also
the equity, potential and aspirations of Māori in
supports landowners to develop farm plans with a
diversifying land-use and unlocking the Māori food
focus on increased flood protection, water quality, and
economy.
protection of hill country and native habitats.
•
A number of regional initiatives and approaches
The Wellington Regional Economic Development
including increased supply and demand for local,
Plan also provides direction around food and fibre
seasonal, affordable and low-carbon food and
priorities and the need to identify opportunities to
reducing/preventing food wastage.
grow jobs, value and connections in the food and fibre
Through this first Regional Emissions Reduction Plan, we
sector, contributing to our regional food story while
will work with farmers and growers to increase farming
considering climate change impacts. The identification
practices that help reduce emissions and increase
of meaningful initiatives in the primary/food & fibre
resilience to produce food that is climate-friendly,
industries with potential to lower the emissions
reduces emissions and is of high value. As part of this,
footprint is also being progressed through the Wairarapa
we encourage all forms of land use optimisation and
Economic Development Strategy.
advocate for investment and attraction of synergistic
Through whakapapa links, mana whenua as kaitiaki of
opportunities to our region to lower emissions, which
te taiao, possess inherent intergenerational wisdom on
include agri-tech, biotech, and other hub opportunities
working in harmony with the whenua to produce food,
for processing and manufacturing goods.
including in climate friendly ways. For iwi in our region,
food sovereignty means that whānau have access to
sufficient, safe, affordable and nutritious food that is
produced in harmony with the natural world. A thriving
future means all whānau have what they need to grow
their own kai. It also means that through care and
stewardship clean fresh water also the use of food
diversification approaches that reflect the biodiversity
of the region.
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 37

The WRLC will:
17
Encourage land use diversification through increasing certainty and
planning for water resilience.
Directly reduce emissions: Low
Greater Wellington is coordinating an establishment phase to specify
programmes of work and partnership approaches to advance the
Wairarapa Water Resilience Strategy (WWRS). The implementation of the
Enable future emissions reduction: Medium WWRS is a multi-year process and will provide opportunities to look for
carbon emissions reduction as a co-benefit of land use diversification
associated with the ongoing implementation of the WWRS. Learnings
from this work can be shared with other parts of the region to help them
with water resilience and land-use diversification planning.
18
Advocate for funding to expand of on-farm advice.
Directly reduce emissions: Low
We support increased identification of carbon emissions reduction
opportunities and provision of advice to landowners related to
core activities, to help farmers understand how to reduce their on-
Enable future emissions reduction:
farm emissions and to integrate these practices into existing Farm
Medium
Environment Plans.
19
Support opportunities for farmer-to-farmer learning.
Directly reduce emissions: Low
We understand farmers want to hear from a trusted, local source about
farming practices to reduce methane, conversions to low-emission land
use and decarbonising technology and equipment. We can support the
Enable future emissions reduction:
showcasing of examples from Wairarapa and Horowhenua of existing good
Medium
practices and facilitate knowledge sharing to deliver on-farm emissions
reduction demonstrations.
20
Explore papakāinga pilot with iwi around food systems
and emissions.
Directly reduce emissions: Low
New kai production processes including crop diversification and local
opportunities for land use could lead to reduced agricultural emissions.
We will work with mana whenua partners to support initiatives that help
Enable future emissions reduction:
with that.
Medium
38 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Tracking our progress
Arotake i te kokenga
Clearly demonstrating our progress is important to build community
engagement, commitment to actions and transparency. The
monitoring of this Plan will be carried out by the WRLC secretariat.
Iwi representation on this rōpū is important to ensuring a Te Tiriti o
Waitangi approach to implementation is undertaken, and to monitor
progress and advocacy for the values and aspirations rights, interests
and aspirations of mana whenua. In addition to this, the Regional
Emissions Reduction Plan can be tracked through the following metrics:
•
Emissions continue to track down as measured by
the Greater Wellington and Horowhenua district
emissions inventory processes.
•
Progress made on actions in the Plan. Each action
will need a plan with objectives and KPIs.
Our plan for action (Appendix Two) outlines the individual
actions to be implemented as part of this Plan.
This Plan will be updated in three years by the WRLC.
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 39

Appendix One:
Our emissions, targets
and carbon modelling
Āpitihanga tahi: Ā tātou
Putanga Haurehu, whāinga me
ngā whakatauiratanga waro
40 | Wellington R
Wellingt
e
on R gional L
e
e
gional L adership Commit
e
t
adership Commit ee
t
ee Regional Emissions R
Annual Report
educ
2022–2023 tion Plan 2024–2030

Our region’s emissions
Ngā tukunga a tō tātou rohe
WHAT ARE GREENHOUSE GASES?
Greenhouse gases (GHG) are gases that trap heat
Methane is a greenhouse gas that is responsible for
from the sun in our planet’s atmosphere keeping it
at least 25 percent of global warming19. Methane
warm and contributing to global warming. The main
is released during the extraction and transport of
greenhouse gases released by human activities
coal, gas, and oil. It is also emitted from landfills and
are carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and
ruminant animals such as cows and sheep.
fluorinated gases.
Fluorinated gases are emitted in smaller amounts
Of these, the gas with the highest concentration
than carbon dioxide or methane, but they have a
in the atmosphere is carbon dioxide. The human
very potent warming potential. They are currently
activities that cause the most carbon dioxide to be
used in many appliances like refrigerators.
released into the atmosphere are burning of fossil
Greenhouse gases are often referred to collectively
fuels, deforestation, and changing the way land
as ‘emissions’ and expressed in one number as
is used. Our reliance on fossil fuels has led to an
carbon dioxide equivalents, or C02e.
increase of CO2 in the atmosphere, which over the
last 60 years is increasing at an annual rate around
100 times faster than previous nature increases . In
2022 it reached a record high of 417.06ppm, a more
than 50 percent increase in concentration since pre-
industrial times 18.
The cause of climate change is an excess of greenhouse
gas emissions.
WHAT IS CARBON SEQUESTRATION?
HOW MUCH GREENHOUSE GAS DO WE EMIT
Some of the carbon dioxide that we emit is
AS A REGION?
absorbed by ecosystems in plants, animals
In the 2021-2022 year, the Wairarapa-Wellington region
and other organic matter, this is called
emitted 3,852,625t CO e (total gross emissions)20. The
carbon sequestration. Our largest source of
2
latest emissions inventory with comparable data for
sequestration in the region is forests which
Horowhenua district was 2018-2019 and in that year,
store carbon in trees, plants and soil.
the district emitted 819,053t CO e21. All the following
2
Growing trees in forests increases carbon
emissions data in this section are from these respective
sequestration (carbon not polluting the
years and from reports footnoted.
atmosphere). However, when forests are cut
down, they release some of the emissions
they sequestered.
17 https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide
18 https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide
19 https://www.edf.org/climate/methane-crucial-opportunity-climate-fight#:~:text=Methane%20has%20more%20than%2080,by%20methane%20
from%20human%20actions.
20 https://www.gw.govt.nz/assets/Documents/2023/06/GWRC_EmissionsInventory_2022_Region_230609_Final.pdf
21 https://www.horizons.govt.nz/HRC/media/Media/Publication/SoE_2020_Horizons-Region-Community-Carbon-Footprint-2018-19.pdf?ext=.pdf
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 41

In the Wellington-Wairarapa region, the forest, plants
Waste makes up 5% of the Greater Wellington regions’
and soils sequestered a net of 2,281,047t CO e, bringing
emissions while it makes up 2.1% of Horowhenua
2
the total net emissions down to 1,571,578t CO e.
districts’ emissions. This includes waste in landfills,
2
However, in Horowhenua forestry emissions from
wastewater and individual septic tanks. Industrial
harvesting exceeded emissions from sequestration
processes and products make up 4% of the Greater
thus increasing the total net emissions for the district to
Wellington region and 1.3% of Horowhenua district.
983,392t CO e.
This emissions source includes emissions from
2
refrigerants, aerosol etc and does not include energy
OUR EMISSIONS PROFILE REFLECTS OUR
ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AND THE WAY WE LIVE.
use for industrial manufacturing which is included in the
stationary energy and transport.
In our region, primary industries like agriculture
generated the largest source of emissions accounting for
It is relevant to note that the emissions inventory
39% of Greater Wellington regions’ total gross emissions
is described as production based (as opposed to
and 37% of Horowhenua district’s total gross emissions.
consumption based) so they exclude globally produced
These emissions are mostly from farming that takes
emissions relating to consumption from the things
place in the rural parts of Wairarapa and Horowhenua.
we import from overseas such as imported food, cars
The emissions are mostly from biogenic methane from
phones and clothes. Our emissions from consumption
the digestive processes of ruminant animals; primarily
are important as all products require materials and
cows and to a lesser extent sheep. Methane is measured
energy to consume. These have global warming
as CO  equivalent so that it can be compared against
impacts recorded on other countries’ inventory as well
2
the other emissions. It is a shorter-lived gas but is
as impacts on other planetary boundaries including
more potent than CO  in that it is more effective at
biodiversity loss.
2
trapping heat in the atmosphere than C02 per tonne.
TARGETS
Some primary industry emissions can be attributed to
horticulture, in particular fertiliser use.
The most widely recognised international climate
change target is contained in the Paris Agreement,
A close second is transport, being 35% of total gross
signed by 196 parties in 2015 at the United Nations
emissions for the Greater Wellington region and 38.4%
Climate Change Conference (COP 21). The Paris
for the Horowhenua district. Transport emissions
Agreement aims to limit global warming to well below
are mostly from petrol and diesel being burned in
2oC, and preferably hold global warming to no more
combustion engines of cars, utes, and trucks. Many
than 1.5o long-term average above pre-industrial
of our cities have been designed over decades to be
average temperatures. As the science has developed in
easiest to get around in cars, which is why this is the
the 8 years since 2015 more emphasis has been placed
most well-used form of personal transport (by number
on limiting global warming to 1.5o to avoid triggering
of trips by mode) in our region. Transport emissions also
tipping points that may destabilise Earth’s systems.
include freight, marine and aviation emissions.
While the Paris Agreement Target is based on long-
Stationary energy is the third largest source of
term averages, scientists at the World Meteorological
emissions, this relates to emissions from electricity
Organisation predict a 50% chance that we’ll reach an
and natural gas used to power our homes, schools
average global temperature reaching 1.5oC above pre-
and factories as well as stationary petrol and diesel
industrial levels in the next five years22.
use. These emissions count for 17% of the Greater
Wellington regions total gross emissions and 9.6% of the
Horowhenua districts.
22 https://wmo.int/news/media-centre/wmo-update-5050-chance-of-global-temperature-temporarily-reaching-15degc-threshold-next-five-
years#:~:text=For%20the%20years%20between%202017,for%20the%202022%2D2026%20period.
42  | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

To limit global warming to 1.5°C, greenhouse gas
At a regional level, the Greater Wellington Regional
emissions must peak before 2025 at the latest and
Council has a draft Regional Policy Statement (RPS)
decline 43% by 2030. Then emissions must reach net
target that does not take a split gas approach to carbon
zero by 2050. These are the Paris Agreement targets, for
and methane. The target is to contribute to a 50%
which governments can set their Nationally Determined
reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 from
Contributions (NDC); a pledge to do their bit towards the
2019 levels and to work towards net zero emissions by
international effort of reducing emissions. Globally, our
205025. This is a science-based target that is aligned with
2030 Nationally Determined Contributions combined put
the Paris Agreement. The Horizons Regional Council
us on a path to 2.4°C of warming by 2100 (and continue
(which includes the Horowhenua District) references the
rising thereafter). However, real-world policy and actions
Paris target of a 43% reduction by 203026.
(what we are doing, not what we say we might do) put us
This plan does not contain any new targets. Both the
on a path for 2.7° of warming. As such, achieving the Paris
national and regional targets have been used to inform
Agreement targets looks increasingly unlikely.
our modelling and actions for this Regional Emissions
At a national level, the government through the Climate
Reduction Plan.
Change Response (Zero Carbon) Act (the Act) takes
a split gas approach to domestic emissions targets
EMISSIONS MODELLING
(that is, it has different targets for CO and methane).
We have undertaken carbon modelling to equip us with
2
The government’s 2050 target is a 24-47% reduction
information and evidence as to what impact the current
in biogenic methane and a net-zero target for carbon
national and regional projects, policies, pledges and
dioxide and other gases23. This is insufficient to meet
targets will have on reducing greenhouse gas (GHG)
Paris Agreement targets. The Act does not include a 2030
emissions, and how close this might get us to meeting
target; however, our government provided a Nationally
national targets and draft regional targets (draft RPS).
Determined Contribution (NDC) to the Paris Agreement
The carbon model is a mathematical representation
in 2021 (at the Conference of the Parties, or COP 26 in
of the world that makes assumptions and allows us to
Glasgow, Scotland). The NDC was a commitment to
input different scenarios that change what our future
net emissions dropping 50% compared to 2005 gross
world looks like, which is helpful for us to understand
emissions24. This is also insufficient to meet Paris
scale, and to understand where some emissions areas
Agreement targets.
need to pull greater weight.
As well as emissions targets, the government has set
Using the modelling we can test how actions to reduce
emissions budgets which are required under the Act.
emissions might close the gap from what’s already
These are set every five years based on advice from the
committed to what is required.
Climate Change Commission. The first three domestic
budgets for 2022-25, 2026-30 and 2031-35 were set in
The model used is the Sub-National carbon model
2022. The current government will set the following
developed by Palmerston North City Council and then
year’s budgets, as well as our Nationally Determined
adapted to our context. This model has a good level of
Contributions for 2031 -2035.
detail and is being used by councils around the country.
We would like to thank Palmerston North City Council’s
climate team for the use of the Sub-National carbon
model for this Plan.
23 https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2002/0040/latest/LMS282014.html
24 https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/New%20Zealand%20NDC%20November%202021.pdf
25 https://www.gw.govt.nz/assets/Documents/2022/08/Proposed-RPS-Change-1-for-the-Wellington-Region.pdf
26 https://www.horizons.govt.nz/managing-natural-resources/climate/what-horizons-is-doing#:~:text=Horizons%20greenhouse%20gas%20
emissions%20reduction,greenhouse%20gas%20emissions%20by%202030.
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 43

What is included in the model
Scenarios:
Baseline:
The model provides room for scenarios in different
The baseline is the point against which we model any
sectors (land use, transport, industry, buildings and
changes in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions when a
energy). Those scenarios were designed by the Regional
scenario is added to the model.
Emissions Reduction Plan project team and are mostly
based on:
A 2019 baseline was added to the model (consistent
with most targets’ baseline). This baseline is calculated
•
status quo (no changes except for population growth)
from the Greater Wellington region GHG inventory and
•
current trend (extrapolation of the last few years)
Horowhenua GHG inventory. Other data was added
•
implementation of uncommitted and committed
where needed in order to create the baseline, such as VKT
policies and actions (national and regional)
(vehicle kilometres travelled), and national renewable
Figure 5 below shows the growing gap between
electricity used. The data inputted to the model has been
the region’s net emissions (red line) and emissions
independently quality checked by Aecom.
reduction targets (blue lines) if significant emissions
reduction action is not undertaken. The yellow
line shows the gap almost closes when a series of
uncommitted and committed actions are undertaken.
Figure 5
44 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Modelled net emissions
Uncommitted and committed actions – yellow line:
Targets – blue lines:
The uncommitted and committed actions scenario
The blue range in the diagram above represents the
in the diagram above shows the gap between our net
national domestic emissions reduction targets and the
emissions and targets has almost closed. However,
dotted blue line the draft regional targets from Regional
for this scenario to be achieved, actions need to be
Policy Statement for the Greater Wellington region.
developed and committed to in order to meet national
and regional pledges and targets (e.g. National
The reason why the blue range is slightly higher is
Emissions Reduction Plan – NERP). The Plan aims
because the national targets split out biogenic methane
to identify some of the most impactful actions at a
from the other gases and give it a lower, less stringent
regional level that could close the gap between the red
target to meet by 2050. The draft regional targets don’t
and yellow line in the graph e.g a Wellington Transport
take this approach and propose that all gases combined
Emissions Reduction Pathway. This scenario assumes:
need to reduce to net zero by 2050.
•
A higher level of afforestation
Current trend – red line:
•
Major improvements in the industrial processes
The current trend scenario in the diagram above shows
•
Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from
how far off we are from getting to net zero emissions by
agriculture based on the activities from the National
2050 if we keep going as we have been.
Emissions Reduction Plan
Some of the assumptions in this scenario are:
•
The success of the Wellington Transport Emissions
Reduction Pathway (WTERP)
•
population growth
•
A higher level of energy efficiency
•
a modest amount of forestry growth
•
A higher level of renewable electricity
•
minor efficiency improvements in industrial
operations
•
Achievement of the National Emissions Reduction
Plan targets regarding electrification of the vehicles
•
increased travel demand
(30% of the fleet by 2035)
•
increase public transport and active travel modes
•
Achievement of the National Emissions Reduction
(cycling, walking)
Plan targets regarding fuel efficiency (-10% by 2035)
•
increased freight moved by rail
•
Improvement in building efficiency
•
modest energy efficiencies
•
Achievement of the Aotearoa New Zealand Waste
Strategy targets (reduction of waste production and
increased recycling and green waste diversion)
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 45

Figure 6 below shows the emissions by sector in the scenario
“Uncommitted and committed actions”. We can see that the
biggest sources of emissions by 2030 could be energy (31%),
land use (30%) and land transport (26%).
Figure 6
46 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Appendix Two:
Our plan for action
Āpitihanga rua:
Tā tātou mahere kōkiri
The tables in Appendix two provide further detail to the actions outlined
in the section Our focus for action: Making things happen together. This
includes alignment to other plans and programmes, who will undertake
the work, and whether new resources will be required for the work to be
carried out. This plan forms the basis of implementation.
47  |
     Wellington R
Wellingt
egional L
e
e
gional L adership Commit
e
t
adership Commit ee
t  Regional Emissions R
Annual Report
educ
2022–2023 tion Plan 2024–2030

Regional Emissions actions –
Transport & urban form
Level of
community
Enabling
Timeframe
behaviour
or direct
Long: 5+ years
change
emission
Med: 3-4 years
Resourcing
required
Alignment to
Action
reduction
Lead
Key partners
Short: 1-2 years required
(H, M, L)
other plans
Action: Endorse and implement (through member organisations) the Wellington Transport Emissions Reduction Pathway (WTERP).
The WTERP provides a comprehensive pathway
Direct reduction:  Regional Transport
Member
Crown funding
Regional Land
for reducing land transport emissions in this area.  High
Committee Approve
organisations
(required)
Transport Plan, and
The WTERP interventions will fall into three broad
within WRLC will
individual council
areas:
have an advocacy,
transport plans
investment,
where appropriate
-  Less car-centric cities and towns (covering
Enabling: High
WRLC endorse and
implementation,
Regional Land
public transport investment, urban form and
support
policy and
Transport Plan (bids
travel demand management)
regulatory role.
to National Land
-  Cleaner vehicle fleet
Transport Fund)
-  Smarter freight
Greater Wellington
FDS/District Plans
Future Development
Regional Transport Team
(existing BAU)
Strategy
developing WTERP.
Action lead will depend
on what part of WTERP is
being implemented
Action: Develop a best practice urban design toolkit for more resilient, low-carbon towns and cities.
This toolkit will help elected members, planners,
Direct reduction:  Greater Wellington
Existing BAU
Regional Land
developers, community members, iwi/hapu, and  Medium
Regional Transport
Transport Plan
stakeholders to actively engage in conversations
Team
on good urban design for enhanced liveability
and reduced car dependency.
Enabling: High
Future Development
Strategy
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030  | 48

Level of
community
Enabling
Timeframe
behaviour
or direct
Long: 5+ years
change
emission
Med: 3-4 years
Resourcing
required
Alignment to
Action
reduction
Lead
Key partners
Short: 1-2 years required
(H, M, L)
other plans
Develop and undertake a pilot that reduces transport emissions at a neighbourhood level by ensuring quick and easy access
to amenities, public transport and active travel options.
WRLC Secretariat to work with councils to identify
Direct reduction:  Relevant Council to
Greater
New funding
Wellington
a suitable neighbourhood linked to the Future
Medium
lead locally.
Wellington’s
to develop and
Transport Emissions
Development Strategy to run the pilot in. The
Travel Choice
implement pilot.
Reduction Pathway
pilot would be undertaken with councils, iwi,
team via existing
community, and other key stakeholders. Learnings
work programme
can be applied across the region. This action is
Enabling:
Future
aimed at reducing transport emissions by people
Medium
Development
living close to important amenities (e.g. library,
Strategy
supermarket, GP), or being able to access them
easily via public transport and active modes.
Promote and support localised co-working hubs
This action aims to reduce commuter demand
Direct reduction:  WellingtonNZ
Council Economic
Existing BAU
Regional Economic
on transport infrastructure by making better
Low
Development
Development Plan
use of underutilised places in local centres.
officers
Enabling:
Local Chambers
Low-Medium
of Commerce
49  | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Level of
community
Enabling
Timeframe
behaviour
or direct
Long: 5+ years
change
emission
Med: 3-4 years
Resourcing
required
Alignment to
Action
reduction
Lead
Key partners
Short: 1-2 years required
(H, M, L)
other plans
Facilitate local economic development and job creation through the increased provision of suitable industrial land.
This action will help encourage dispersed
Direct reduction:  WRLC Secretariat leading  Councils to
Underway
Future Development
employment locations leading to reduced travel
Low-Medium
an industrial land study
respond to findings
Strategy
time and distance to and from work.
WellingtonNZ
Regional Economic
Development Plan
Enabling:
Council Economic
Medium
Development
Officers
Chambers of
Commerce
Advocate for re-instating intra-regional long-distance rail services.
This action is aimed at providing lower emissions
Direct reduction:  WRLC Secretariat
Greater
Future Development
alternatives to flying and driving. Several
High
Wellington
Strategy
intra-regional routes could replace or provide
alternatives to flying or driving that could be
advocated for by the WRLC.
Enabling: High
Advocate for upgrades to the electricity network so that Wellington Airport and Centreport can continue to enable their decarbonisation plans.
Advocate to the electricity sector to provide these
Direct reduction:  Part of Energy
Wellington City
Part of Energy
RERP energy
organisations with adequate infrastructure.
Medium
Roadmap work
Council
Roadmap work
roadmap action.
Centreport: creating a micro-grid that will
Greater
Future Development
enable shore power to large ships to reduce fuel
Wellington
Strategy
consumption by these ships while they are in
port. This will require investment in electricity
Enabling: High
Wellington
network assets.
Electricity
Wellington Airport: Requires certainty of supply
for EV chargers, helping hire car companies
electrify, getting rid of gas boilers etc. In the future,
electricity may be needed for trial electric planes.
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030  | 50

Regional Emissions actions –
Energy
Level of
community
Enabling
Timeframe
behaviour
or direct
Long: 5+ years
change
emission
Med: 3-4 years
Resourcing
required
Alignment to
Action
reduction
Lead
Key partners
Short: 1-2 years required
(H, M, L)
other plans
Develop an Energy Roadmap for the region.
This action should remove roadblocks to
Direct reduction:  WRLC Secretariat
Councils
Requires resourcing
MBIE national
Council electrification by creating a council/
Low-Medium
TBC
energy strategy
sector Energy Coordination group to
document needs and requirements.
Iwi
Future Development
Strategy
This will lead to ensuring we remove roadblocks
for key energy users in the region via the
Enabling:
Energy sector
Charging Our
development of a Multi-Sector Regional Energy
Medium
reps (EDBs, EECA,
Future: National
Roadmap. This would outline energy users’
Transpower,
electric vehicle
needs, aspirations and roadblocks so that the
Gentailers)
charging strategy
Central Government and EDBs know where to
for Aotearoa New
NGOs
plan and invest for the region to grow and rapidly
Zealand 2023-2035
decarbonise, and to coordinate energy demand
Big energy users
reduction efforts.
Investigate local generation and community micro-grids.
Investigate investment into local generation such
Direct reduction:  WRLC Secretariat
Councils
Existing BAU
Future Development
as community-level micro-grids (including storage)  Medium
Strategy
via funds like MBIE’s Community Renewable
Iwi
Energy Fund. Investigate supporting developers to
Kāinga Ora
Wellington region
implement microgrids in developments, especially
energy roadmap
in a denser-housing context.
Enabling:
Wellington
Medium
Electricity
Kāinga Ora and Wellington Electricity to share
learnings from their Wellington Energy Sharing Pilot.
51 | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Regional Emissions actions –
Circular economy
Level of
community
Enabling
Timeframe
behaviour
or direct
Long: 5+ years
change
emission
Med: 3-4 years
Resourcing
required
Alignment to
Action
reduction
Lead
Key partners
Short: 1-2 years required
(H, M, L)
other plans
Facilitate WRLC partners to change their procurement policies or practices to include a requirement for vendor emissions reduction plan
as part of major projects (e.g a roading project, new stop banks).
WRLC partner organisations requiring vendor
Direct reduction:  WRLC secretariat
Other WRLC
Existing BAU
Regional Economic
Emissions Reduction Plans can create a system
Medium
partners
Development Plan
shift in the market whereby vendors focus more
All Councils
effort on how they may reduce emissions including
in their supply chain.
Enabling:
Wellington
Medium
Region Waste
Management &
Minimisation Plan
Work with EECA to investigate feasibility of circular principles in organic waste-to-energy.
Making better use of organic waste by using
Direct reduction:  EECA and the Regional
Iwi
Existing BAU
Regional Energy
it for innovative products or turning it into
Low
Waste Management
Roadmap
renewable energy. We will support EECA’s
& Minimisation
Regional Energy Transition Accelerator work,
Plan Steering
Wellington Region
which includes using biomass to support the
Group to co-lead
Waste Management
phasing out of fossil-fuel-based energy sources.
Enabling:
& Minimisation Plan
By linking a waste source to an industry need
Medium
we can reduce emissions in waste as well
as energy and support local job creation.
53  | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

Level of
community
Enabling
Timeframe
behaviour
or direct
Long: 5+ years
change
emission
Med: 3-4 years
Resourcing
required
Alignment to
Action
reduction
Lead
Key partners
Short: 1-2 years required
(H, M, L)
other plans
Support further development of and investment in infrastructure and facilities to encourage waste diversion.
infrastructure and facilities to encourage
Direct reduction:  Regional Waste
WRLC advocate
Requires new funding
Wellington Region
waste diversion.
Low-Medium
Management &
to central
Waste Management
Minimisation Plan
government in
& Minimisation Plan
Diverting waste to be reused helps stimulate
Steering Group
support of the
the bioeconomy and is more resource efficient
WMMP work
especially for materials that can provide valuable
feedstock such as woody biomass for bioenergy or  Enabling:
Councils
Future Development
other products that reduce reliance on fossil fuels.  Medium
Strategy
This is of particular importance for:
Food Systems
-  plastic waste
Strategy
-  organic waste which is particularly high in
methane emissions and can be turned
into compost
-  woody biomass from forestry which can be
turned into energy, and also
-  timber from construction and demolition waste
which often can be re-used.
Advocate for waste management initiatives which encourage behaviour change and product stewardship.
This action is to advocate on behalf of the Regional  Direct reduction:  Regional Waste
WRLC
Existing BAU
Wellington Region
Waste Management and Minimisation Committee
Low
Management and
Waste Management
to support initiatives which encourage behaviour
Minimisation Plan
& Minimisation Plan
change in how we manage waste, and provide
Steering Group
leadership in encouraging product stewardship to  Enabling:
Councils
support the development and strengthening of a
Medium
more circular economy.
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030  | 54

Regional Emissions actions –
Productive land and primary industries
Level of
community
Enabling
Timeframe
behaviour
or direct
Long: 5+ years
change
emission
Med: 3-4 years
Resourcing
required
Alignment to other
Action
reduction
Lead
Key partners
Short: 1-2 years required
(H, M, L)
plans
Encourage land use diversification through increasing certainty and planning for water resilience.
Learnings from the Wairarapa Water Resilience
Direct reduction:  Greater Wellington
Wairarapa
A fixed-term
Wairarapa Water
Strategy (WWRS) work can be shared with other
Low
Councils
project resource
Resilience Strategy
parts of the region to help them with water
is funded through
resilience and land-use diversification planning.
to 30 June 2024
The implementation of the WWRS is a multi-year
Enabling:
WellingtonNZ
Wairarapa Economic
process and will provide opportunities to look
Medium
Development Strategy
for carbon emissions reduction as a co-benefit
of land use diversification associated with the
Freshwater Farm Plans
ongoing implementation of the WWRS.
Regional Policy
Statements
Whaitua
Implementation Plan
Advocate for funding to expand on-farm advice.
Advocate for increased identification of
Direct reduction:  Greater Wellington
Wairarapa
Existing BAU for
Fresh Water Farm
carbon emissions reduction opportunities
Low
Climate Change
Economic
advocacy (WRLC).
Plans (FWFP) and
and provision of advice to landowners
and Ecosystems &
Development
Environmental Plans
related to core activities, to help farmers
Community Delivery  Strategy
(cFEP)
understand how to reduce their on-farm
teams
emissions and to integrate these practices
Enabling:
Horowhenua Co.
Requires new funding
Regional Policy
into existing plans, Farm Environment Plans.
Medium
for implementation
Statements
(GW)
Horizons Regional
Whaitua
Council
Implementation Plan
Industry Bodies
MPI
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030  | 56

Level of
community
Enabling
Timeframe
behaviour
or direct
Long: 5+ years
change
emission
Med: 3-4 years
Resourcing
required
Alignment to other
Action
reduction
Lead
Key partners
Short: 1-2 years required
(H, M, L)
plans
Support opportunities for farmer-to-farmer learning.
We understand farmers want to hear from a
Direct reduction:  TBC
Wairarapa
Existing BAU to
trusted, local source about farming practices to
Low
Councils
identify farmers and
reduce methane, conversions to low-emission
connect
land use and decarbonising technology and
Horowhenua
equipment. Showcase examples from Wairarapa
District Council
and Horowhenua of existing good practices and
Enabling:
MPI
Requires new
facilitate knowledge sharing to deliver on-farm
Medium
funding to promote
emissions reduction demonstrations.
Greater
the showcasing –
Wellington
potential event fund.
Explore papa kāinga pilot with iwi around food systems and emissions.
New kai production processes including crop
Direct reduction:  WRLC Iwi partners
Food Systems
Requires new
New District Plan rules
diversification and local opportunities for land
Low
(TBC)
Strategy project
use could lead to reduced agricultural emissions.
We will work with mana whenua partners to
support initiatives that help with that.
Enabling:
Councils
Food Systems Strategy
Medium
Future Development
Strategy
57  | Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030

He waka eke noa // we are all in this together
wrlc.org.nz
Wellington Regional Leadership Committee Regional Emissions Reduction Plan 2024–2030 | 58

Document Outline

About the Wellington Regional Leadership Committee