Christchurch Water Supplies
Water Safety Plan
Volume A: Components Common
to All Water Supplies
Christchurch City Council
Revision 2
May 2022
Water safety plan requirements are provided in two parts.
This volume (Volume A) covers components that are
common to all of the Council’s water supplies. Information
that is specific to individual water supplies in noted in the
relevant sections with links to the supply specific water
safety plans provided in section 2.
Version Control
Revision
Year
Revision
Prepared By
Number
Revision 1
2020
Developed to address
Daniela Murugesh (CCC)
components of the water safety Sarah Hemmingsen (CCC)
plans that apply to all supplies
Revision 1.1
2021
Review to incorporate 2021
Sarah Hemmingsen (CCC)
Core Assessment Team
feedback
Revision 2
2022
Update to submit to Taumata
Judy Williamson
Arowai
Internal Document Review and Approval
Revision
Year Reviewed by
Approved By
Signature
Date
Number
Revision 1
2020 Veronica Zefferino Helen Beaumont
20/12/2020
(CCC Team Leader (CCC Head of Three
Quality &
Waters & Waste)
Compliance)
Bridget O’Brien
David Adamson
(CCC Team Leader (CCC General
21/12/2020
Asset Planning
Manager City
Water Supply &
Services)
Wastewater)
Dawn Baxendale
22/12/2020
(CCC Chief
Executive)
Revision 2
2022 Veronica Zefferino Helen Beaumont
(CCC Team Leader (CCC Head of Three
27/05/2022
Quality &
Waters & Waste)
Compliance)
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Table of Contents
List of Tables ........................................................................................................................................ 6
List of Figures ...................................................................................................................................... 7
1
Commitment to Drinking Water Quality Management ................................................................ 8
1.1
Relationship of the Water Safety Plan to organisational policy and strategy ................................... 8
1.1.1 Te Wai Ora o Tāne Integrated Water Strategy 2019 ...................................................................................... 8
1.1.2 Water Supply Implementation Plan .............................................................................................................. 9
1.1.3 Legislative Requirements ............................................................................................................................ 10
1.1.4 Climate Smart Strategy 2010 ...................................................................................................................... 11
1.1.5 Long Term Plan and Annual Plan ................................................................................................................. 11
1.1.6 Documentation .......................................................................................................................................... 12
1.2
Engaging stakeholders .................................................................................................................... 16
1.2.1 External stakeholders ................................................................................................................................. 16
1.2.2 Operations and maintenance contractor .................................................................................................... 18
1.2.3 Laboratory ................................................................................................................................................. 18
1.2.4 Water Safety Plan engagement................................................................................................................... 18
1.3
Engaging community....................................................................................................................... 21
1.3.1 Public consultation ..................................................................................................................................... 21
1.3.2 Incidents and emergencies ......................................................................................................................... 21
1.3.3 Customer complaints.................................................................................................................................. 22
1.4
Quality management system .......................................................................................................... 24
2
Description of the Drinking Water Supply .................................................................................. 25
2.1
Overview ........................................................................................................................................ 25
2.2
SCADA control measures and alarms .............................................................................................. 25
2.3
Distribution system ......................................................................................................................... 26
2.3.1 Infrastructure design standards .................................................................................................................. 26
2.3.2 System water loss and leakage ................................................................................................................... 27
2.4
Asset Assessment and Intervention Framework ............................................................................. 31
2.4.1 Methodology.............................................................................................................................................. 31
2.4.2 Asset renewals ........................................................................................................................................... 32
2.4.3 Water supply budget .................................................................................................................................. 32
2.5
Water quality characteristics .......................................................................................................... 35
2.5.1 Water quality incidents and responses ....................................................................................................... 35
3
Hazards and Hazardous Event Identification and Risk Assessment ............................................ 39
3.1
Council risk assessment methodology ............................................................................................ 39
3.2
Risk assessment, uncertainty and acceptability .............................................................................. 46
3.3
Risk assessment table ..................................................................................................................... 49
3.4
Plausible combinations of hazards .................................................................................................. 49
3.5
Unacceptable risks .......................................................................................................................... 49
4
Existing Preventive Measures and Barriers to Contamination ................................................... 50
4.1
Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 50
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4.2
Preventative measures – approaches, definitions and application ................................................. 50
4.3
Additional mitigation measures ...................................................................................................... 51
4.4
Corrective Actions ........................................................................................................................... 52
4.5
Summary of existing preventive measures ..................................................................................... 53
5
Identification of Additional Preventive Measures and Improvement Plan ................................. 54
5.1
Improvements to address unacceptable risks ................................................................................. 54
5.2
Potential additional improvements ................................................................................................ 54
6
Operational Procedures.............................................................................................................. 55
6.1
Christchurch and Lyttelton .............................................................................................................. 55
6.1.1 System operations ...................................................................................................................................... 55
6.1.2 Operations manuals ................................................................................................................................... 58
6.1.3 System maintenance .................................................................................................................................. 64
6.2
Banks Peninsula .............................................................................................................................. 67
6.2.1 System management .................................................................................................................................. 67
6.3
Operational and maintenance staff training ................................................................................... 68
6.4
Operations and maintenance manual and contractor’s plan .......................................................... 68
6.5
Standard operating procedures ...................................................................................................... 70
Name .......................................................................................................................................................... 71
Issue Date ................................................................................................................................................... 71
Document Owner ....................................................................................................................................... 71
6.6
Operational monitoring and inspection .......................................................................................... 75
6.7
Operational reporting ..................................................................................................................... 76
6.8
Maintenance reporting ................................................................................................................... 76
6.9
Critical control points ...................................................................................................................... 76
6.10 Corrective actions ........................................................................................................................... 77
7
Verification Monitoring Programme .......................................................................................... 78
7.1
Drinking water quality monitoring .................................................................................................. 78
7.2
Drinking Water Compliance Monitoring ......................................................................................... 78
7.3
Performance monitoring ................................................................................................................. 79
7.4
Consumer satisfaction .................................................................................................................... 79
7.4.1 Customer satisfaction ................................................................................................................................. 79
7.4.2 Customer Service Requests......................................................................................................................... 79
7.4.3 Complaints ................................................................................................................................................. 79
7.5
Short-term evaluation of results ..................................................................................................... 80
8
Management of Incidents and Emergencies .............................................................................. 82
8.1
Previous incidents and emergencies ............................................................................................... 82
8.2
Incident and emergency response plan .......................................................................................... 82
8.3
Index of procedural documents ...................................................................................................... 85
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8.4
Levels of emergency ....................................................................................................................... 86
9
Documenting and Reporting ...................................................................................................... 87
9.1
Management of documentation and records ................................................................................. 87
9.2
Reporting ........................................................................................................................................ 88
10
Investigations ......................................................................................................................... 90
10.1 Investigative studies ....................................................................................................................... 90
10.2 Validation of equipment, processes and practice ........................................................................... 90
11
Oversight, Review and Continual Improvement ..................................................................... 91
11.1 Long-term evaluation of results ...................................................................................................... 91
11.2 Audit of drinking water quality management ................................................................................. 91
11.3 External audit of drinking water quality management ................................................................... 93
11.4 Review by senior leadership ........................................................................................................... 94
Appendix A
Internal Water Safety Plan Review Checklist ............................................................ 96
Appendix B
SCADA System Screenshots ....................................................................................... 97
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List of Tables
Table 1.1: Policy documents and resources related to water supply.................................................... 13
Table 1.2: Key external stakeholders .................................................................................................. 16
Table 1.3: Council staff with responsibilities in the development and implementation of the water
safety plan .......................................................................................................................... 20
Table 1.4: Citycare and external staff with responsibilities in the development and implementation of
the water safety plan .......................................................................................................... 20
Table 2.1: Water supply specific water safety plans and TRIM references ........................................... 25
Table 2.2: Importance ratings for property types ................................................................................ 32
Table 2.3: Assumed Inflation Rates ..................................................................................................... 34
Table 3.1: Likelihood Rating Scale Applied to Hazardous Events ......................................................... 40
Table 3.2: Consequence Rating Scale Applied to Hazardous Events .................................................... 42
Table 3.3: Semi-Quantitative Risk Prioritisation Approach for Risk Rating .......................................... 45
Table 3.4: Relationship between Risk Score and Overall Risk Rating ................................................... 46
Table 3.5: Risk uncertainty descriptors ............................................................................................... 46
Table 3.6: Acceptability of risks .......................................................................................................... 47
Table 4.1: Preventive Measures Definition .......................................................................................... 50
Table 6.1: Citycare Water Standard Operating Procedures ................................................................. 71
Table 6.2: Water sampling and monitoring responsibilities ................................................................ 75
Table 8.1: Procedural Documents and Reference Links ....................................................................... 85
Table 8.2: Three Waters and Waste business continuity procedures related to water supply .............. 86
Table 9.1: Internal and external reporting requirements .................................................................... 89
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List of Figures
Figure 1.1: Hierarchy of Council’s strategic documents for water supply............................................... 8
Figure 1.2: Long Term Plan development framework .......................................................................... 12
Figure 1.3: Water Safety Process Relationship .................................................................................... 23
Figure 1.4: Quality Management System Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle ..................................................... 24
Figure 2.1: Example of Water Loss Zone Isolation for Testing ............................................................. 28
Figure 2.2: International Leakage Performance Classification System................................................. 30
Figure 2.3: Water Supply – Percentage Capital Expenditure by Prioritisation Category ....................... 33
Figure 2.4: Water Supply – Long Term Projected Capital Expenditure by Prioritisation Category ........ 34
Figure 2.5: Raise an Alert regarding a Test Showing Water Contamination flow diagram................... 36
Figure 2.6: Contamination event laboratory initial notification template ............................................ 37
Figure 2.7: Respond to Drinking Water Contamination ...................................................................... 38
Figure 6.1: Network operations control room ..................................................................................... 55
Figure 6.2: Three Waters & Waste Unit Management Structure/ Quality and Compliance Team ........ 56
Figure 6.3: Three Waters Planning and Delivery Teams ...................................................................... 57
Figure 6.4: Network operations homepage......................................................................................... 58
Figure 6.5: Process webpage with shortcuts to the operations manuals ............................................. 58
Figure 6.6: Plant webpage with water supply schematics and key manuals ........................................ 59
Figure 6.7: Water Supply Primary Zones ............................................................................................. 60
Figure 6.8: Example of individual water supply zone breakdown ........................................................ 60
Figure 6.9: Example of individual pump station reference information ............................................... 61
Figure 6.10: Water supply secondary zones schematic ....................................................................... 61
Figure 6.11: Example of individual water supply secondary zone schematic ....................................... 62
Figure 6.12: Example of specifc reservoir information in the water supply secondary zones ............... 62
Figure 6.13: Performance webpage with shortcuts to the daily shift log information .......................... 63
Figure 6.14: Sharepoint daily shift log page ........................................................................................ 63
Figure 6.15: Daily shift log information attached to individual pump stations (only available to
network controllers) ........................................................................................................... 64
Figure 6.16: Citycare Water Supply Operations Structure n ................................................................ 66
Figure 6.18: Decision tree for identifying critical control points .......................................................... 77
Figure 8.1: Decision-making process for invoking Business Continuity Plan(s) ..................................... 84
Figure 9.1: TRIM Three level structure ................................................................................................ 87
Figure 9.2: TRIM classifications for water supply ................................................................................ 87
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1 Commitment to Drinking Water Quality
Management
1.1 Relationship of the Water Safety Plan to organisational policy and strategy
The protection of our drinking water and public safety is a key priority for the Christchurch City Council (the
Council).
High quality drinking water is one of the 18 community outcomes listed in the Council’s Strategic
Framework adopted in December 2019, and
ensuring a high quality drinking water supply that is safe and
sustainable is one of the Council’s five strategic priorities.
Figure 1.1 illustrates the hierarchy from Council’s
vision for the city through to the strategic documents for water supply and corporate documents for service
delivery, showing how they fit together.
Figure 1.1: Hierarchy of Council’s strategic documents for water supply
1.1.1 Te Wai Ora o Tāne Integrated Water Strategy 2019
The Council has a responsibility to ensure that its water services, network infrastructure and water resources
are managed in a manner that supports the environmental, social, cultural and economic wel being of current
and future generations. Te Wai Ora o Tāne – Integrated Water Strategy (the Strategy) was approved by the
Council on 26 September 2019. The vision of that strategy is:
Te wai ora o Tāne - Water for Life
Water is a valued taonga, in all that we do
The Strategy was developed to establish the strategic direction for the Council's sustainable long-term
management of water resources, water services delivery and related infrastructure. It focuses on water
supply, wastewater and surface water including stormwater and flood management. The Strategy also
recognises and incorporates the Urban Water Principles – Ngā Wai Manga recommended by the Urban Water
Working Group.
The Strategy has four overarching goals:
Goal 1: The multiple uses of water are valued by all for the benefit of all
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Goal 2: Water quality and ecosystems are protected and enhanced
Goal 3: The effects of flooding, climate change and sea level rise are understood, and the community
is assisted to adapt to them
Goal 4: Water is managed in a sustainable and integrated way in line with the principle of kaitiakitanga
The Strategy identifies eleven objectives to guide actions to meet the goals and vision. Five of the eleven
objectives relate specifically to drinking water supplies:
Objective 1 – Awareness and engagement: Increase awareness and engage with the community and
mana whenua regarding the multiple uses and values of water.
Objective 2 – Efficient and resilient infrastructure: Ensure efficient use of three waters infrastructure
through a completely integrated management structure and ensure the resilience of entire networks
(including natural waterbodies) to future environmental, social and/or cultural changes and natural
hazard risks over the long term through timely asset renewal and/or better alternative solutions.
Objective 9 – Groundwater protection: Advance source protection of groundwater recharge areas and
surface water supply sources for all drinking water supplies.
Objective 10 – Improvement in understanding of aquifer system: Understand the vulnerability, transit
times and extent of confining layers of the Christchurch aquifers as well as the link to surface water
quantity and quality.
Objective 11 - Safe and sustainable water supply: Manage the water sources for drinking water
supplies to meet the forecast reasonable demands over the long term and ensure efficiency of water
use; and ensure demonstrably safe drinking water without the need for residual disinfection (e.g.
chlorination).
Goal 2, objectives 9, 10 and 11, and strategic issue 11 are all focussed on delivering the Council’s commitment
to provide drinking water that is safe and community health remains our top priority. This focus also
underlines the Councils approach to manage and mitigate risk of contamination of Christchurch’s urban
public water supplies, to protect public health and avoid the need for residual disinfection (e.g. chlorination).
The Strategy will be implemented through of suite of action plans. For potable water supply, the relevant
document is the Water Supply Implementation Plan.
1.1.2 Water Supply Implementation Plan
The Water Supply Implementation Plan (approved by the Executive Leadership Team on 28 October 2020) is
the implementation plan for Te Wai Ora o Tāne – Integrated Water Strategy. It contains the Council’s
responsibilities as a community water supplier and the Council’s requirement to protect water supply sources
for public health.
The Water Supply Implementation Plan also outlines the Council’s statutory responsibilities relating to
drinking water. This includes requirements under the Local Government Act 2002 to ensure prudent
stewardship and the efficient and effective use of its resources in the interests of its district or region, including
by planning effectively for the future management of its assets. Providing a sustainable water supply that is
safe to drink is a fundamental requirement for healthy communities. It is also required to comply with
Environment Canterbury’s Land and Water Regional Plan and was prepared in accordance with Schedule 25
of that plan.
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The Water Supply Implementation Plan endorses the six fundamental principles in the Guidelines for
Drinking-water Quality Management for New Zealand, and as recommended in the
Report of the Havelock
North Drinking Water Inquiry: Stage 2’1
.
Principle 1: A high standard of care must be embraced
Principle 2: Protection of source water is of paramount importance
Principle 3: Maintain multiple barriers against contamination
Principle 4: Change precedes contamination
Principle 5: Suppliers must own the safety of drinking water
Principle 6: Apply a preventive risk management approach
1.1.3 Legislative Requirements
The responsibility of providing drinking water is also undertaken in accordance with:
Drinking-water Standards for New Zealand
Health Act 1956
Resource Management Act 1991
Health and Safety at Work Act 2015
National Policy Statement on Urban Development 2020
Water Supply, Wastewater and Stormwater Bylaw 2014.
The Council must deliver the water supply service to comply with:
Water Services Act 2021: This legislation outlines the duties of a water supplier including: Registering
their supply; complying with drinking water standards (including aesthetic standards),providing
sufficient quantities of water, having a drinking water safety plan, notifying the new authority
(Taumata Arowai) and local authorities of any risk or hazard to the water, maintaining records of
supply, compliance and monitoring, providing specified information and a complaints process for
those consuming the water and paying fees and levies as Taumata Arowai requires.
Safe drinking water standards: The Health Act 1956, supported by the Drinking-Water Standards for
New Zealand (DWSNZ), specifies standards for drinking water quality and securing a safe supply.
Water safety plan: Under the Health Act, a water safety plan must be prepared for each of the
Council’s water supplies. The Council must manage and operate each water supply in accordance
with the relevant water safety plan.
Abstraction of raw water: The Council is consented in terms of the Resource Management Act 1991
on the volume of water which it may take from a given water resource.
1 Department of Internal Affairs, 2017: Report of the Havelock North Drinking Water Inquiry: Stage 2:
https://www.dia.govt.nz/Report-of-the-Havelock-North-Drinking-Water-Inquiry---Stage-2
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Water services assessments: The Local Government Act 2002 requires a territorial authority to asses,
from a public health perspective, the adequacy of its water supply in light of health risks, quality of
service, current and future demand and regulatory compliance with drinking water standards.
Fire flow: Although the New Zealand Fire Service Firefighting Water Supplies Code of Practice is not
mandatory, the Council provides fire hydrants as part of its urban water reticulation system. The
Council endeavours to provide water for fire-fighting but does not guarantee a constant flow of water
or any maximum or minimum pressure. The Christchurch District Plan requires all new developments
to meet the Code of Practice.
Development capacity to meet demand: The National Policy Statement on Urban Development
2020 directs local authorities to enable greater supply and ensure that planning is responsive to
changes in demand, while seeking to ensure that new development capacity enabled by councils is of
a form and in locations that meet the diverse needs of communities and encourages well-functioning,
liveable urban environments.
Emergency preparedness and response: Under the Civil Defence and Emergency Management Act
2002, the Council as a local authority is required to plan and provide for civil defence emergency
management in its district. It must be part of a Civil Defence Emergency Management Group and must
provide suitably trained and competent personnel for effective civil defence emergency management
in its area. As a lifeline utility, the Council as a water supplier must ensure that it is able to function to
the fullest possible extent, even though this may be at a reduced level, during and after an emergency.
It must also participate in the development of the national civil defence emergency management
strategy and civil defence emergency management plans.
1.1.4 Climate Smart Strategy 2010
The Council has a responsibility to provide certainty around future water supply by understanding potential
impact of climate change on infrastructure and supply.
The key strategic goal influencing water supply is Goal 1: understanding the local impacts of climate change
– monitoring, investigations and model ing seeking to understand the potential impacts of climate change on
coastal and low lying areas, stormwater management and water supplies.
The Council’s Climate Smart Strategy is being reviewed to ensure it continues to be fit for purpose.
1.1.5 Long Term Plan and Annual Plan
Budgets for the water supply programme are determined through the Council’s Long Term Plan (LTP) process.
The Long Term Plan provides a 10 year plan for the Council. It includes the 30 year Infrastructure Strategy,
Activity Plans, Asset Management Plans and a Financial Strategy. The purpose of the Long Term Plan is to:
Describe outcomes the Council aims to achieve
Specify the services, projects and budgets that will enable those outcomes
Provide integrated decision-making and coordination of resources
Provide a long-term focus
Demonstrate transparency and accountability
Provide an opportunity for participation by the public in Council decision-making processes.
The development of the Long Term Plan is supported by the preparation of Asset Management Plans,
including one for water supply, and Activity Plans setting out the levels of service that the Council intends to
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deliver. The Financial Strategy describes the revenue sources, and capital and operational expenditure for the
next 10 years. The Infrastructure Strategy identifies the significant issues for the Council over the next 30
years, the options and planned approach for dealing with those issues, and forecast capital and operational
expenditure for the next 30 years.
The draft Long Term Plan is released for public consultation, providing the Council’s stakeholders (including
the public) an opportunity to provide direct feedback on the Council’s proposed priorities and associated
budgeting. The Council takes the feedback into account and then finalises the Long Term Plan before the start
of the financial year on 1 July. This process is outlined in
Figure 1.2.
The LTP is reviewed every three years to ensure it continues to reflect the Council’s strategic priorities, reflects
legislative requirements and incorporates any changes in budgeting requirements that may have occurred.
In the intervening two years, the Council undertakes an Annual Plan process. The plan for the coming year as
set out in the Long Term Plan is reviewed, released for public consultation as a draft Annual Plan, and then
finalised before the start of the financial year on 1 July.
Figure 1.2: Long Term Plan development framework
For issues that may arise and require urgent action within a financial year, there is an internal change request
process to reallocate funding within existing budgets to prioritise work programmes. Projects for water
supply are prioritised by risk and public health outcomes. Water supply budget information is provided in
secti
on 2.4.3.
1.1.6 Documentation
A summary of water supply documents is provided in
Table 1.1. Documents that are specific to a particular
water supply are recorded in the relevant supply-specific water safety plan (see
Table 2.1).
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Table 1.1: Policy documents and resources related to water supply
Name
Description
Document Location
Plans, Strategies and Bylaw
Te Wai Ora o Tāne – Integrated
The strategy establishes the strategic direction for Council's sustainable long-term
https://ccc.govt.nz/the-council/plans-strategies-
management of water resources and related infrastructure. It focuses on water supply,
policies-and-bylaws/strategies/te-wai-ora-o-
Water Strategy (2019)
wastewater and surface water including stormwater and flood management.
tane-integrated-water-strategy/
TRIM://20/1133601
Water Supply Implementation
Serves as the implementation plan for the Integrated Water Strategy and the ‘Water
Supply Strategy’ in accordance with the requirements of the Land and Water Regional
Plan 2020
Plan and its Schedule 25.
Council’s Long Term Plan and
These documents outline the Council's priorities, activities, services, capital programme
https://ccc.govt.nz/the-council/plans-strategies-
and operational expenditure and how the Council proposes to pay for it.
policies-and-bylaws/plans/long-term-plan-and-
Annual Plans
annual-plans/
Infrastructure Strategy 2018 -
Describes how the Council plans to manage its infrastructure (including water supply)
https://ccc.govt.nz/the-council/plans-strategies-
over the next 30 years, taking into account the significant issues facing Christchurch.
policies-and-bylaws/strategies/infrastructure-
2048
Capital and operating expenditure forecasts are included.
strategy/
https://www.ccc.govt.nz/assets/Documents/The-
Water Supply Service Plan
Council/Plans-Strategies-Policies-
Describes the levels of service for water supply for the Long Term Plan
Bylaws/Plans/LTP-2018-2028-Service-
2018-28
plans/Long-Term-Plan-2018-28-Service-Plan-
Water-Supply.pdf
Water Supply Asset
Describes management requirements for the Council’s water supply assets to meet
agreed levels of service and optimise whole of life costs, such that Council can meet the
TRIM://18/803609
Management Plan 2018
requirements of present and future customers and ratepayers.
Water Supply Asset
Describes management requirements for the Council’s water supply assets to meet
Management Plan LTP 2021-
agreed levels of service and optimise whole of life costs, such that Council can meet the
TRIM21/974350
requirements of present and future customers and ratepayers to align with 2021-2031
2031
Long Term Plan.
The bylaw’s purpose is to manage, regulate and protect from misuse or damage the
https://ccc.govt.nz/the-council/plans-strategies-
Water Supply, Wastewater and
Council's water supply, wastewater and stormwater systems and to protect the public
policies-and-bylaws/bylaws/water-supply-
Stormwater Bylaw 2014
from nuisance and maintain public health and safety. It also contains Council
wastewater-and-stormwater-bylaw-2014
requirements with respect to backflow prevention. This bylaw is being reviewed.
Standards and Specifications
Infrastructure Design Standard
The IDS sets out Council’s design guidelines for the construction of infrastructure assets,
https://www.ccc.govt.nz/consents-and-
including those for water supply.
licences/construction-
(IDS)
requirements/infrastructure-design-standards
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Name
Description
Document Location
Christchurch City Council
The CSS set out Council's technical requirements for the construction of land and asset
https://www.ccc.govt.nz/consents-and-
developments, including those for water supply.
licences/construction-
Construction Standard
requirements/construction-standard-
Specifications (CSS)
specifications
Water Supply, Treatment,
https://ccc.govt.nz/consents-and-
Pumping Station and Reservoir
Design standard requirements for Water Supply, Treatment, Pumping Stations and
licences/construction-
Reservoirs
requirements/infrastructure-design-
Design Specification
standards/pumping-station-design-specification/
Emergency Response
Canterbury Civil Defence
The Canterbury CDEM Group Plan provides information for organisations involved in
http://cdemcanterbury.govt.nz/document-
Emergency Management
emergency management and for the general public on how the Canterbury CDEM Group
library/cdem-plans
(CDEM) Group Plan
will plan for and coordinate an emergency.
Council’s Capital Programme
CPMS directly supports both the Council’s Long Term Plan and annual planning
https://cpms.sentientppm.co.nz
Management System (CPMS)
processes. This is achieved by having a single place for managing capital works projects.
Emergency Management and
The Business Continuity Plan covers the roles and responsibilities and procedures
TRIM://FOLDER15/2268 – Business Continuity
developed to enable the restoration of essential three waters and waste services after a
Plans – Operations Group
Business Continuity Plan
disaster or major incident.
Operations and Maintenance
Water Supply Processes and
ProMapp
: https://go.promapp.com/ccc
Council has mapped out al important water supply related processes and procedures.
Procedures
Network Operations Manual
Documents the system for operating the Christchurch City Council’s 3 Waters
infrastructure, including Potable Water, Wastewater, Storm Water, Landfill Gas, and
TRIM://19/1048910
(draft 2020)
Tsunami Warning Systems.
Potable Water Zone Manual
General information for the operation of al potable water zones
TRIM://19/1054164 - Potable Water Zone Manual
(draft 2019)
Water Supply Maintenance
Existing contract is with Citycare Water for ‘Maintenance of City Water & Wastewater
TRIM://CN4600000778
Contract
Network’
Authorised Water Supply
The scheme ensures that work on the water supply reticulation is carried out in a
https://www.ccc.govt.nz/consents-and-
licences/construction-requirements/approved-
Installer Scheme
hygienic manner and in compliance with Council standards and procedures.
contractors/authorised-water-supply-instal ers
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link to page 16 link to page 83
1.2 Engaging stakeholders
1.2.1 External stakeholders
The Council works with other agencies in the management of its drinking water supply. Key stakeholders with
responsibilities for managing activities in the catchment that may impact on source water quality, or be
affected by decisions or activities of the drinking-water supply are listed
in Table 1.2. Supply-specific external
stakeholders will be provided in the supply-specific water safety plans.
Table 1.2: Key external stakeholders
Stakeholder
Position
Name
Taumata Arowai
Regulatory Team Leader (ChCh)
Principal Advisor Drinking Water
Medical Officer of Health
Medical Officer of Health on duty
Canterbury District
Health Protection Officer
Health Protection Officer on duty
Health Board
Public Health – renal dialysis
provides contact information for
home renal dialysis patients to Council
Maintenance Manager
Citycare
Branch Manager
General Manager, Central Region
Director Operations
Consent Planning Manager
Resource Management Officer –
Incident Response
Environment
Canterbury
Resource Management Officer –
Monitoring and Compliance
Groundwater Science Manager
Local Commander (Banks
Fire and Emergency Peninsula)
New Zealand
Christchurch metro area
commander
These lists are maintained and updated through the Council’s Three Waters and Waste Business Continuity
Plan. The Business Continuity Plan is used as part of Civil Defence exercises and a training programme in place
to regularly test elements of the units Business Continuity Plan with all key stakeholders. A record of all
exercises is taken with lessons learned and areas for improvement (see section
8).
The Council has a comprehensive programme of engagement with Environment Canterbury on water issues.
At a governance level, there is the
Water Forum attended by all Councillors from both Environment
Canterbury and Christchurch City Council, with a standing invitation to the Chairs of Ngāi Tahu Rūnanga. The
Water Forum is held at least twice a year. The purpose of the Forum is to develop a common understanding
of issues and actions relating to the water resources of Christchurch and Banks Peninsula. A standing item on
the agenda is an update on the joint Christchurch City and Environment Canterbury work programme.
Minutes of the meetings held in 2019 can be found in TRIM
:FOLDER19/31 The 2020 minutes are in
FOLDER19/1039 and 2021 minutes in
FOLDER20/1964
The Council and Environment Canterbury work with the community and Ngāi Tahu through the
Canterbury
Water Management Zone Committees established under the Canterbury Water Management Strategy
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(endorsed by Environment Canterbury and al the district/city councils in Canterbury in 2008/2009). The Banks
Peninsula, Christchurch West Melton and Selwyn Waihora water management zone committees are joint
committees of the City Council and Environment Canterbury. Each zone committee comprises one
Environment Canterbury councillor, one City Councillor (and in the case of the Christchurch West Melton and
Selwyn Waihora zone committees also one Selwyn District councillor), one representative for each rūnanga
within the respective zones, and four to six community members. The zone committees each prepare zone
implementation programmes which include recommendations for water management within their zones2.
There are four Rūnanga whose takiwā or territories lie within the Christchurch City Council’s area of
jurisdiction. Two, Te Taumutu Rūnanga and Te Ngāi Tūāhuriri Rūnanga, have boundaries that include
Christchurch City but also extend beyond the City Council’s jurisdiction. The Christchurch City Council
established Te Hononga Council - Papatipu Rūnanga Committee, which includes representatives from the
Council and the six Rūnanga, to further enhance the relationship between the Council and Ngāi Tahu.
Te
Hononga Council - Papatipu Rūnanga Committee meets quarterly and is responsible for:
Leading the development of an enduring collaborative relationship between the Council and
Ngā Papatipu Rūnanga
Building shared understanding and strong coordinated leadership on matters of mutual
interest within the respective areas of jurisdiction
Having oversight of, and providing advice and assistance to the Council on, matters of
significance or priority to Māori, and to inform Council decision making
Receiving regular updates from staff on Council programmes and projects of significance or
priority to Māori
Operating in accordance with the Relationship Agreement between Christchurch City Council
and Ngā Papatipu Rūnanga signed on 15 December 2016.
Water supply is a matter of significance and priority for Ngāi Tahu and Te Hononga Council.
At a governance level there are also meetings between City Councillors and the Canterbury District Health
Board. The purpose of these meetings it to consider opportunities to work in partnership on the determinants
of health, including mental health, housing and community wellbeing. Water is an agenda item at these
meetings and meeting minutes can be found in TRIM
: FOLDER18/987 an
d FOLDER19/1038
The Council is also a member of the
Canterbury Drinking Water Reference Group. The Canterbury Drinking
Water Reference Group was proactively formed by the Canterbury Chief Executives Forum in 2016 following
the contamination of drinking water and outbreak of disease in Havelock North. It involves representatives
from Environment Canterbury, all ten Canterbury territorial authorities and the Canterbury District Health
Board. The group meets regularly to discuss Canterbury’s public drinking water supplies, share information,
identify high-risk supplies, and review contingency planning in the region. Agendas, minutes and
presentations at these meetings are saved in TR
IMFOLDER20/635.
In addition to the strategic engagement opportunities, there is also engagement across the technical work
programmes. The
Water Issues Management group is a bimonthly meeting of senior managers from
Environment Canterbury and the Council to identify and resolve any issues that arise with respect to the
2 Banks Peninsula water management zone:
https://ecan.govt.nz/your-region/your-environment/water/whats-
happening-in-my-water-zone/banks-peninsula-water-zone/
Christchurch West Melton water management zon
e:https://ecan.govt.nz/your-region/your-environment/water/whats-
happening-in-my-water-zone/christchurch-west-melton-water-zone/
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management of three waters services and their impact on the environment. For water supply this group has
identified the following issues to consider as part of the joint work programme:
potential for increasing nitrate levels in the aquifers
global water take consent and compliance with conditions for individual wells
change of use applications for water takes.
There is a quarterly meeting with Environment Canterbury compliance monitoring staff and the Council’s
Three Waters & Waste unit to discuss issues related to the Council’s resource consent compliance.
1.2.2 Operations and maintenance contractor
Citycare Ltd, a Council-controlled trading organisation, is the dedicated maintenance contractor for water
supply reticulation on Banks Peninsula and for Christchurch/Lyttelton Harbour Basin water supplies. The
Council’s contracts with Citycare outline the expectations around maintenance of the water supply network.
Council is responsible for undertaking the daily, weekly and monthly maintenance inspections and
instrument calibration at water treatment plants.
If any issues or faults are identified within the Christchurch/Lyttelton Harbour basin, Citycare’s Water
Maintenance Manager or Pump and Storage Manager immediately informs Council’s Work Maintenance
Supervisor/Auditor for Christchurch/Lyttelton. For the Banks Peninsula Water Treatment Plants, Council’s
Team Leader Water and Wastewater Treatment immediately informs the Council’s Reticulation &
Maintenance Operational Delivery Leader for Banks Peninsula supplies so appropriate remedial action can be
determined, depending on the scale of the issue.
Citycare provides scheduled maintenance activities (as agreed with Council) as part of the monthly lump sum
for a station. Any renewal or refurbishment of assets where a replacement components cost in excess of $500
is anticipated requires a Works Order and approval from Council before proceeding. Council may also tender
or engage third parties to complete any refurbishment and renewals as there is no obligation for this work to
be provided to Citycare.
1.2.3 Laboratory
The Council uses its own IANZ accredited laboratory to undertake water sampling and analysis. The current
IANZ accreditation certificates are found in TRIM21/1729598. Staff in the Three Waters & Waste unit are
immediately notified if there is any contamination (in accordance with process
Raise Alert re: Test Showing
Water Contamination) and a joint decision between Council and Citycare is made on how to proceed (in
accordance with
Respond to Drinking Water Contamination), including a review of the incident afterwards. The
sampling programme and procedures have been developed in collaboration with Citycare and the Council to
ensure it meets or exceeds the DWSNZ requirements.
Any testing required that is out of the ordinary, may be undertaken by an external IANZ accredited laboratory.
When the Council engages these labs to undertake testing on its behalf, a project is raised with an approved
Council vendor who would instruct the Council accredited laboratory to take the necessary samples and send
them to a specialist accredited laboratory for analyses and reporting. Our laboratory has a working agreement
with a number of specialist IANZ Accredited Laboratories who can be relied upon to carry out specialist
testing.
1.2.4 Water Safety Plan engagement
Water safety plans have been prepared by Council staff, drawing on information provided in previous versions
and other sources. Each plan has been developed in accordance with the
New Zealand Drinking-water Safety
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Plan Framework3 (Ministry of Health, 2018), taking into account the guidance provided in the
Handbook for
Preparing a Water Safety Plan4 (Ministry of Health, 2019). Plans takes into account feedback received from the
Drinking Water Assessor on the draft water safety plans that had been previously submitted for approval.
Where additional information has been required, staff have sought information from the relevant operational
area of Council or contacted the appropriate staff at Citycare for area specific information. Citycare contract
managers have provided commentary for the risk register, attended the risk assessment workshops and,
along with their staff, have contributed information on relevant operational processes and procedures.
Citycare have provided information on the drinking water supply system and their staff qualifications and
training. There have been twice weekly meetings between the Citycare Operations Manager and Council staff
developing the water safety plan to clarify queries, request and provide additional information and review
commentary. Follow up actions were recorded and a single point of contact was established to keep track of
the information requested and responses between both organisations.
The implementation of the water safety plan will include a joint Council and Citycare workshop training
session to ensure staff from both organisations are aware of the risks, compliance requirements and quality
assurance provisions. The intent of the workshop is to ensure staff are aware of the water supply requirements
as they are contained within the Water Safety Plan, including the six fundamental principles in the guidelines
for Drinking-water Quality Management in New Zealand. Developing an induction process and ongoing
training programme for water supply staff on the importance of water supply and the risks that can arise is an
improvement item in the relevant supply-specific water safety plans.
The Council considers the Water Safety Plan to be a living document. As such internal auditing of performance
and contract reviews are undertaken to ensure the water safety plans are fit for purpose and being
implemented appropriately, as described in section
s 7.5 and
11.2. Water safety plan actions and associated
issues and non-conformance are discussed at the fortnightly Water Supply Network Operations, Planning and
Improvement Coordination meetings which are attended by staff from Three Waters & Waste Network
Operations, Asset Planning, Asset Management, Quality & Compliance and Water & Wastewater Operations
teams. The Three Waters Improvement and Compliance Programme Control group has a role across water
supply, wastewater and stormwater with a purpose to assess, track and monitor the improvement and
compliance actions and works for the water, wastewater and stormwater systems. The group meets monthly
and minutes are found in
FOLDER21/1043. The Council and Citycare staff with responsibilities in the development and implementation of the water
safety plan are listed in
Table 1.3 an
d Table 1.4. The RASCI role assigned to a person reflects the highest responsibility a person has
as some people are involved in more than one aspect. For example if someone was consulted in the
development of the water safety plan and is responsible for implementing it, they have been identified as
responsible (R).
3 Ministry of Health, 2018: New Zealand Drinking-water Safety Plan Framework:
https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/new-zealand-drinking-water-safety-plan-framework
4 Ministry of Health, 2019: Handbook for Preparing a Water Safety Plan:
https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/handbook-preparing-water-safety-plan
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Table 1.3: Council staff with responsibilities in the development and implementation of the water
safety plan
Position
Name
RASCI*
Chief Executive Officer
Dawn Baxendale
A
General Manager Infrastructure, Planning and Regulatory Jane Davis
A
Services
Head of Three Waters & Waste
Helen Beaumont
A
Manager Service Excellence
Tim Drennan
R
Manager Operations
Adam Twose
R
Manager Planning and Delivery Three Waters
Gavin Hutchison
R
Team Leader Instrumentation & Electrical Control
Ben Beaumont
R
Team Leader Water Services
Will Rowson
R
Manager Laboratory
Belinda Wilson
R
Team Leader Microbiology Laboratory
Nicholas Ohs
R
Team Leader Asset Planning (Water and Wastewater)
Michele McDonald
S
Team Leader Water and Wastewater Treatment
Colin Hefferman
R
Team Leader Network Operations (Network Controllers)
Gijs Hovens
R
Team Leader /PM Water Supply
Grant Deeney
R
Commercial Specialist (Contract Management)
Jason Lemmon
I
Operational Delivery Leader Reticulation & Maintenance
Steve Pink
R
Senior Advisor Reticulation & Maintenance
Chris Mance
S
Senior Planning Engineer - Growth
Daniela Murugesh
C
Senior Project Manager
Patrick Cantillon
R
Programme Manager Water Reform
Teresa Wooding
I
Resource Consent Compliance Coordinator
Currently vacant
C
Process Engineer
Ian Baker
R
Process Engineer Water and Wastewater Treatment
Fredy Moreno
R
Process Engineer Water and Wastewater Treatment
Matt McLellan
R
Team Leader Quality & Compliance
Veronica Zefferino
R
Team Leader Water & Wastewater Operations
Jeanette Gower
R
Water Security Specialist
Judy Williamson
R
Other staff in Three Waters & Waste Unit
I
* R = Responsible (works on)
A = Approver
S = Support
C = Consulted
I = Informed
Table 1.4: Citycare and external staff with responsibilities in the development and implementation of
the water safety plan
Position
Name
RASCI
Branch Manager
I
Water Maintenance Manager
R
Water Reticulation Manager
R
Water Supervisor
R
Pump and Storage Manager
R
Pump and Storage Engineer
R
Pump and Storage Supervisor (Unplanned)
R
Pump and Storage supervisor (Planned)
R
Technical and Operational Support (External Provider BP)
S
Technical and Operational Support (External Provider BP)
S
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1.3 Engaging community
1.3.1 Public consultation
As described in section
1.1.5, the public is consulted every three years on the draft Long Term Plan and every
year on the Annual Plan. They can provide feedback on how we plan to deliver water supply, including levels
of service, and the proposed expenditure.
Ensuring a high quality water supply that is safe and sustainable is one of the Council’s Strategic Priorities.
These strategic priorities were developed by elected members and were publicly consulted on as part of the
2020/21 Annual Plan process.
Community consultation and stakeholder engagement was part of the development process for Te Wai Ora o
Tāne Integrated Water Strategy. A series of workshops included Councillors and Community Board members,
Ngāi Tahu Rūnanga representatives, members of the Banks Peninsula, Christchurch-West Melton and Selwyn
Waihora Zone Committees, Environment Canterbury councillors and staff, and community stakeholders from
a range of environmental Non-Governmental Organisations. There was public consultation on the draft
strategy and feedback from this was taken into account in the final strategy. The Water Supply
Implementation Plan has been developed with input from Environment Canterbury staff, Mahaanui Kurataiao
and Ngāi Tahu Rūnanga representatives.
1.3.2 Incidents and emergencies
Communication plans and contact lists for incidents and emergencies are included in each procedure
document. These processes are outlined in section
8. Three Waters & Waste Business Continuity Procedures
related to water supply schemes also contain contact lists for Council staff and external stakeholders. There
is a specific procedure for informing the public about water contamination should it be required.
Through the Promapp incident and emergencies procedure documents, operational alerts are in place to
remind staff when to contact the Communications team and the information that should be considered when
notifying them. This includes information on:
What the event is
Who's affected by the event
How long it's likely to last including a possible time/date on when it will be resolved
What actions the public may need to take
Social media notifications
CCC website notifications
Civil Defence and Emergency Management text alerts.
The Council is continually reviewing the incident and emergency procedure documents to ensure they are up
to date and, where appropriate, are consistent in their approach to communication plans and procedures.
The review period for each process is set by the process owner, for example,
Respond to Significant
(Unplanned) Event (City Services) is reviewed annually. Review dates are included in the procedural
information.
Figure 1.3 shows the linkages between the Promapp water supply procedure documents and other processes.
Staff positions identified in
Figure 1.3 are process owners not staff contacts. Information relating to key staff
to contact in event of an incident or emergency are contained in each Promapp process and include
alternative contacts to address issues such as staff absence/availability. Further information about the
processes is contained in the individual procedure documents.
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1.3.3 Customer complaints
There is a specific Promapp process for responding to consumer complaints; this is linked to the Council’s
customer service requests
Action Three Waters Customer Service Requests. Where customer complaints are
received, consumer engagement is described through that process. This process is outlined in section
7.3. When there is a cluster of complaints in one area relating to a specific issue, such as water taste, these
complaints are dealt with collectively.
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Figure 1.3: Water Safety Process Relationship
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1.4 Quality management system
Council’s Three Waters & Waste Unit intends to develop and implement a quality management system for its
water supply activities. The adoption of a quality management system will help improve overall performance
and achieve benefits such as:
The ability to consistently provide services that meet customer and applicable statutory and
regulatory requirements including key elements of the water safety plan framework.
Facilitating opportunities to enhance customer satisfaction.
Addressing risks and improvements.
Using the recognised standard AS/NZS 9001:2016 (TRI
M 19/775880) as a guideline, a process approach will be
used which incorporates the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle and risk-based thinking, as shown i
n Figure 1.4.
Figure 1.4: Quality Management System Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle5
The work will be led by the Three Waters & Waste Quality & Compliance Team in close cooperation with the
other l Three Waters & Waste teams. Documentation is currently being developed to initiate discussions and
relevant information is stored in TRIM
FOLDER18/745 (AMCV – 3W – Quality Management System
Development). The development of the Quality Management System is included as a Procedural
Improvement in the supply-specific water safety plans.
5 Source: https://www.risk-technologies.com/PagePreview.aspx?pag=3067
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2 Description of the Drinking Water Supply
2.1 Overview
Description of individual drinking water supplies is provided in the supply-specific water safety plans.
Information includes, where relevant:
Catchment characteristics and source water risk management
Resource consents within close proximity
Well characteristics and secure bore status
Water treatment
Distribution system – asset characteristics
Water quality characteristics.
The supply-specific water safety plans and TRIM references are provided i
n Table 2.1.
Table 2.1: Water supply specific water safety plans and TRIM references
Water Safety Plan
Revision
Date
Status
TRIM
No.
reference
Akaroa/Takamātua
5.3
November 2020
Approved
22/438313
Birdlings Flat
3.0
N/A
Draft, not yet submitted
19/608839
2.0
September 2017
Approved, old requirements
17/1178739
Christchurch/Lyttelton Revision
Volume A
Submitted to DWA – Not 22/438283
1 - 2020
Volume B
approved
22/438287
December 2020
Volume C (source Draft
22/438290
RMP)
Duvauchelle
5.1
May 2019
Revised 2019, not approved
20/891820
Little River
4.1
February 2021
Submitted, not assessed
22/438473
Pigeon Bay
5.1
August 2019
Revised 2019, not approved
20/891831
Wainui
5.1
November 2020
Submitted to DWA, not 22/438501
approved
2.2 SCADA control measures and alarms
General SCADA Information
Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) is a system of software and hardware to control processes,
gather information, and record events. Our SCADA system is used to monitor and operate the pump stations
and storage reservoirs as well as monitor unauthorized site entry and vandalism. A team of network
controllers manages the SCADA system 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and is responsible for ensuring that any
problems are escalated. The network controllers access the network SCADA for potable water, wastewater
and stormwater operations via two computers in the Control Room. The network SCADA and the treatment
plant SCADA are run on dedicated servers in the Network Operations building. These can be accessed
remotely from computers within or outside of the Christchurch City Council’s computer network. There is one
network controller on duty for each shift.
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For potable water, the network controllers are responsible for monitoring over 150 pump stations and
reservoirs. The monitoring includes which pumps are operating or not, what the flow rates are from each
pump, the pressure at the outlet of each pump station, and the water level in the reservoirs. From this
information, they determine whether pumps need to be turned on or off to meet demand, and whether more
water is needed to top up the reservoirs. The pump stations are able to be operated remotely. Screenshots
from the SCADA system to illustrate the data that the network controllers see in the control room are provided
i
n Appendix B.
There are 5769 SCADA alarm tags for the water supply (see TRIM
19/984689). Alarm types include process
(pressure, flow, pump, sand filter), communications (communications failures), backup systems (fuel levels,
fire protection), power monitoring (ripple active) and security (hatch/door triggers). The system has a ‘Current
Alarms’ screen. This screen is continuously monitored by the network controller and displays a table of the
fault or event conditions that are currently live on the SCADA.
When alarms are raised, they are acknowledged by the network controller who assesses the alarm and the
response required. For critical alarms, the network controller immediately contacts the Citycare electrician,
fitter or treatment plant operator who the network controller identifies is required to resolve the fault. For
non-critical alarms, there is a meeting at 7am each morning, Monday to Friday, where the network controller
provides the Citycare contractors with a list of faults that have occurred since the previous meeting that need
to be addressed.
A non-critical fault does not have the potential to affect the provision of water to the network. A critical fault
has the potential to affect the provision of water to the water supply network. For example, at a pump station
with two pumps, a fault with one pump may not be critical, as there is still the ability to meet the water
demand. If a fault occurred at the second pump as well, the situation could be reclassified as critical and result
in an immediate call to the appropriate duty contractor, as the situation now has the potential to impact on
network capacity.
Currently the response relies on the expertise and experience of the network controller. There are no
documented standards for the alarm types and there are no standardised documented triggers or response
plans for the alarm tags. This is an improvement item in the supply-specific water safety plans and draft
documents are being prepared.
Where there are variations from the described process, supply specific SCADA information is provided in the
supply-specific water safety plans.
2.3 Distribution system
2.3.1 Infrastructure design standards
The Council’s design standard for reservoirs and pumps is the ‘Water Supply, Treatment, Pumping Station
and Reservoir Design Specification’ and is found in TR
IM 15/1248260.
The document outlines the Council’s design philosophy for water storage, which includes objectives relevant
to water safety including minimising the chance of contamination, promoting mixing and minimising thermal
stratification of contents. The design standard gives specific requirements, criteria and features for storage
sizing and partitioning and the design of appurtenances to provide the above functions and a number of water
safety features. Seismic risks are carefully considered in the design process, including liquefaction, ground
settlement, water surface wave effects and loosening of construction and pipe joints. Wall to floor joints,
water stops, seals and sealant design details have specific requirements.
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Where pipes, valves and vents are open to atmosphere, these are fitted with a corrosion proof fine mesh
barrier to prevent ingress of particles and entry of vermin. Overflow and drainage discharge points to outfalls
and drains have a defined air gap to prevent backflow. The roof is required to be watertight and adequately
sloped for rainfall run-off and, where practical, designed to be windswept for self-cleaning of deposited dry
material. Roof access is designed with security features to prevent unauthorised access to the roof. Design for
security of the whole site may be required to prevent unsafe public activities.
2.3.2 System water loss and leakage
Council has been carrying out water loss and leakage reduction work since the late 1990’s.
Leakage is calculated by measuring the ‘minimum nightflow’ in a water loss zone. This ‘minimum nightflow’
is measured at a time of low demand (i.e. at night, during winter) when we assume the flows are purely
generated by unavoidable leakage (very small leaks that are unable to be detected with equipment;
dependent on pipe age, material, network pressure and network layout) and actual leakage (leaks that can
be identified and repaired).
The Council has a contract in place with Detection Services South Island Ltd for the provision of water loss
and leak detection services. Contract
CN4600003636 was created in 2021 and is for an initial term of two years
with right of renewal for 3 years on a 1+1+1 basis. The contract includes water loss nightflow testing and leak
detection surveys in all Council supplies. Each water supply area is surveyed approximately every 5 years.
The nightflow test methodology is as follows:
The contractor isolates a water loss zone and performs a flow test to measure the water usage
at a time when water consumption is considered to be lowest (i.e. at night, preferably winter) –
known commercial high water consumers are monitored
If the nightflow test result is high compared to previous tests then the contractor carries out a
leak detection survey – deploying acoustic loggers on valves and hydrants to indicate the
general area of a leak, followed up with a walk over ground microphone survey to pinpoint the
actual leak location
Leaks on Council pipes are repaired by Citycare and significant leaks on private property are
reported to the property owner
After all leaks on Council pipes have been repaired the contractor carries out a second nightflow
test to confirm the nightflow has reduced
The nightflow result and the number of water connections in each water loss zone are then used
for calculating the overal leakage.
Figure 2.1 is an example of how a water loss zone is isolated on the test night. Once al the valves are closed,
nightflow testing is carried out at the ‘supply / control / inlet’ location, using a portable setup consisting of
two hydrant standpipes, a flow meter and data logger (logs water flow and pressure).
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Figure 2.1: Example of Water Loss Zone Isolation for Testing
The nightflow results are used to calculate the Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) for each water loss zone. The
ILI is the ratio of the Current Annual Real Losses (CARL) – established by minimum nightflow testing – to the
system-specific Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL), which take into account system pressure, the length
of water mains and submains and the number of water connections. Detailed guidance can be found in the
Water New Zealand Water Loss Guidelines6.
ILI = Current Annual Real Losses (CARL) / Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL)
CARL (litres/service connection/day) = established by minimum nightflow testing
UARL (litres/service connection/day) = (18 x Lm + 0.8 x Nc) x P
Lm = length of mains and submains (km)
Nc = number of service connections
P = average operating pressure (m)
The ILI is a non-dimensional performance indicator, which is used worldwide for operational management
and benchmarking of water losses. Calculations for Council water supply zones are saved in TRIM
19/1067614.
The calculated ILI for each water supply is provided in the supply specific water safety plans.
6 Lambert & Taylor, 2010: Water Loss Guidelines. Water New Zealand:
www.waternz.org.nz/Folder?Action=View%20File&Folder_id=101&File=100503_waterloss_guidelines.pdf
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The LeaksSuiteLibrary.com website7 collates global information on ILIs and provides a performance
classification system and that allows for benchmarking. The website also provides recommended strategies
for improvement. Information on how to interpret ILIs is summarised i
n Figure 2.2.
While minimum nightflow testing is considered to be an accurate means to establish CARL there are the some
limitations to the Council’s methodology, which may have an impact on the data:
Currently no allowance is made for residents utilising water at night (e.g. flushing the toilet,
using washing machines or dishwashers)
No seasonal adjustment has been made for residential irrigation systems
Some nightflow testing in 2017 and 2018 was carried out later than usual (spring rather than
winter) which meant that increased consumption for irrigation was likely and minimum
nightflow numbers were higher.
This means that the reported leakage rates are higher than actual. The Council is planning to develop
allowances for customer night use and irrigation to refine the data so that the ILIs more accurately reflect
network performance.
7 The LeaksSuiteLibrary website, accessed 14/9/2019: https://www.leakssuitelibrary.com/uarl-and-ili/
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Figure 2.2: International Leakage Performance Classification System
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2.4 Asset Assessment and Intervention Framework
The Asset Assessment and Intervention Framework (AAIF) project has improved the lifecycle management
and renewals planning at Christchurch City Council. This has been implemented for three waters pipe assets
and will ultimately be extended to cover all three waters assets. The AAIF project aims to:
Provide a consistent approach for lifecycle management
Increase confidence in Council's asset management outcomes
Provide transparency to stakeholders
Speed up the renewals planning process by automating processes
Reduce the risk of errors from use of large spreadsheets
Reduce the human resource risk of losing significant amounts of institutional knowledge
through the loss of a single staff member.
2.4.1 Methodology
Renewal planning under AAIF uses multi-criteria analysis across a number of categories or schema. Schema
completed for water supply pipes include:
Condition
Repairs, maintenance and operation
Vulnerability
Consequence of failure.
A score of 1 (very good) to 5 (very poor) is assigned to each pipe for each schema.
Condition scores are derived from laboratory testing and analysis of pipe samples where these are available
and the remaining useful life is defined based on these results. Laboratory testing results are limited by cost
and practicality. Where laboratory test results are unavailable a condition grade is estimated based on pipe
material and age, and this is used to assess how far an asset is through its theoretical useful life. Theoretical
useful life figures are reviewed every three years based on laboratory test results and experience of failures
throughout the network.
Repairs, maintenance and operations scores are defined based on the number of failures that have
occurred on each pipe, taken from repairs and maintenance data records.
Vulnerability grades are based on the exposure of each pipe to environmental conditions that can cause
failure in the specific pipe material. Vulnerability scores are based on proximity to pump stations (transient
pressures can reduce pipe life), whether the pipe is above or below the groundwater table (exposed to
groundwater corrosion), and proximity to trees.
Consequences of failure on service delivery are the maximum of two grades, one for the number of
properties/people who would lose water in a pipe failure and another for the importance of individual
properties to the community. This information identifies and maps vulnerable customer groups, including
hospitals, schools and rest homes. In addition, the location of home renal dialysis patients is mapped in
SmartMap and this information is updated weekly.
Importance ratings are liste
d Table 2.2.
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Table 2.2: Importance ratings for property types
Importance
Facility or Property Type
Rating
1
All properties in residential or rural land use zones as defined in the Christchurch District
Plan except where a higher importance rating is required as per following rows.
2
All properties in commercial or industrial land use zones as defined in the Christchurch
District Plan except where a higher importance rating is required as per following rows.
3
School and childcare facilities
Properties registered with Council as high water users
4
General Practitioners offices
Rest homes
Emergency Services (FENZ, NZ Police, Ambulance)
Corrections Department residential facilities
Justice Department facilities
5
Lifelines Utility facilities essential for a lifeline service to be provided
All facilities used for Civil Defence purposes
Hospitals
Other consequence of failure schema are scored based on a number of parameters that can increase the
consequences of failure in terms of interruption to supply. To estimate the relative likelihood of failure of each
and every pipe, the scores for condition, repairs and maintenance and vulnerability were added together. The
scores ranges from 3 (very good) to 13 (very poor).
This information is available on a GIS dashboard:
(https://gis.ccc.govt.nz/portal/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/120e360f35934ddf9d65eb32c1127a2b ).
Dashboards for each water supply scheme, which includes asset information along with likelihood of failure
and infrastructure leakage index data, are provided in the supply specific water safety plans. Dashboards for
Christchurch can be generated in the GIS portal as required.
2.4.2 Asset renewals
The AAIF tool gives us a prioritised draft renewals list for the Long Term Plan. Asset engineers then apply
engineering judgement to optimise renewals projects and to co-ordinate with other infrastructure portfolios
(e.g. roads) to produce a final pipe renewals list.
While water main and submain replacement has the majority of the budget due to the size of the network, the
Council also has condition assessment and asset replacement programmes in place for other water supply
assets such as wel s, pumps, reservoirs and buildings. Replacing assets in poor condition and built to older
standards with new assets built to current standards in the Council’s Infrastructure Design Standards and
Construction Standard Specifications improves water safety.
2.4.3 Water supply budget
The 10 year budget in the 2021-2031 Long Term Plan for water supply is $837 million, and the 30 year forecast
in the Infrastructure Strategy is $2,093 million (including inflation). The majority of this is planned for
renewing water supply assets, particularly pipes, with $344 mil ion planned for renewing mains and $43
million for renewing submains over the next 10 years. These may change (increase or decrease) through future
annual plans and long term plans. Information relating to budget process, including stakeholder input, is
outlined in secti
on 1.1.5.
Figure 2.3 and
Figure 2.4 show the projected capital expenditure over the next 30 years for water supply
infrastructure by prioritisation category.
Figure 2.3 shows the split of the total 30 year spend. Inflation in
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included in both graphs.
Table 2.3 shows the inflation figures that were assumed for capital and operating
expenditure for the Infrastructure Strategy.
Figure 2.3: Water Supply – Percentage Capital Expenditure by Prioritisation Category
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Figure 2.4: Water Supply – Long Term Projected Capital Expenditure by Prioritisation Category
Table 2.3: Assumed Inflation Rates
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2.5 Water quality characteristics
2.5.1 Water quality incidents and responses
The Council has a water sampling programme in place, with water testing carried out by its own laboratory.
The sampling programme and procedures have been developed in collaboration with Citycare and the
Council to ensure it meets or exceeds the DWSNZ requirements. Staff in the Three Waters & Waste Unit are
immediately notified if there is any contamination, in accordance with
Raise an Alert regarding a Test Showing
Water Contamination (see overview in
Figure 2.5; more detail is provided behind each item in Promapp). To
ensure the appropriate people are contacted, and to reduce the response time to an incident, there is a
template that is completed by the Laboratory team
(
DRINKING WATER CONTAMINATION EVENT – LABORATORY – INITIAL NOTIFICATION
DATE & TIME OF
SAMPLING
SITE SAMPLED
TEST RESULTS
E. COLI/100 mL
TOTAL COLIFORMS/100 mL
KEY STAKEHOLDERS
PHONE
NAME
ROLE
CONFIRMATION
INFORMED
Jeanette
Team Leader – Water and Wastewater
(Enter Y when
IMMEDIATELY
Gower
Operations (CCC)
done)
(BY PHONE CALL)
(Add name if
Water and Wastewater Operations On
contacted)
Call Supervisor (CCC)
Veronica
Team Leader Quality & Compliance
Zefferino
(CCC)
Transgression Response Contract Lead
(Citycare Water)
Reservoir Security, Well Heads, Pump
Station & Chlorination Lead (Citycare
Water)
ADDITIONAL
(Details or N/A)
SAMPLING SITES
RESULTS AVAILABLE
DATE
TIME
ADDITIONAL INFO
REPORT ATTACHED
(Enter Y)
(check)
Figure 2.6 and TRIM
19/625032). This also ensures there is consistency in how incidents are recorded.
A situation report is initiated by the CCC Response Lead to summarise the event, keep track of actions taken
(TR
IM 19/625076) and then review the effectiveness of the response and undertake a Root Cause Analysis. The
Quarterly Compliance Meetings include reviewing any events that have occurred in the last quarter. In
additional quarterly meetings between the Quality and Compliance and the Water and Wastewater
Operations teams review responses to events including incorporating any ‘lessons learnt’ into current
operations or future responses. The Incident reviews are conducted using a standardised template (see TRIM
19/625081). Meeting minutes, any findings and recommendations are recorded in the template and saved in
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: FOLDER10/688. Annual reviews of the Water Safety Plan include the incident review and lessons learned
documents that are produced following events (as discussed in section
10) and are incorporated in the
internal water safety plan review checklist
(Appendix A).
Figure 2.5: Raise an Alert regarding a Test Showing Water Contamination flow diagram
DRINKING WATER CONTAMINATION EVENT – LABORATORY – INITIAL NOTIFICATION
DATE & TIME OF
SAMPLING
SITE SAMPLED
TEST RESULTS
E. COLI/100 mL
TOTAL COLIFORMS/100 mL
KEY STAKEHOLDERS
PHONE
NAME
ROLE
CONFIRMATION
INFORMED
Jeanette
Team Leader – Water and Wastewater
(Enter Y when
IMMEDIATELY
Gower
Operations (CCC)
done)
(BY PHONE CALL)
(Add name if
Water and Wastewater Operations On
contacted)
Call Supervisor (CCC)
Veronica
Team Leader Quality & Compliance
Zefferino
(CCC)
Transgression Response Contract Lead
(Citycare Water)
Reservoir Security, Well Heads, Pump
Station & Chlorination Lead (Citycare
Water)
ADDITIONAL
(Details or N/A)
SAMPLING SITES
RESULTS AVAILABLE
DATE
TIME
ADDITIONAL INFO
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REPORT ATTACHED
(Enter Y)
(check)
Figure 2.6: Contamination event laboratory initial notification template
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Figure 2.7: Respond to Drinking Water Contamination
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3 Hazards and Hazardous Event Identification and
Risk Assessment
3.1 Council risk assessment methodology
Each supply element of the water supply is exposed to risk events of varying likelihood and consequence. In
establishing a management plan, the level of risk to public health and operations within each Council water
supply needs to be understood, quantified and managed.
The risk assessment includes identifying hazardous events and their likely causes. Hazardous events are
defined as events that introduce hazards to, or fail to remove them from, the water supply. To ensure
consistency in the risk assessment approach, two risk methodology development workshops were held in
February 2019. During these workshops, three existing risk methodologies (2018 WSP / MoH / Global CCC risk)
were compared and the proposed methodology for the 2019 risk assessment workshops was developed and
agreed on by all attendees, which included most of the staff who were involved in the following risk
workshops. A Drinking Water Assessor attended the first of these workshops.
The events and causes listed in the risk register were determined in risk assessment workshops held between
March and May 2019. Workshops were attended by planning, technical services, customer services,
operations and maintenance staff as well as the Drinking Water Assessor and Citycare. Likelihood and
consequence scoring was done by means of expert judgement by the workshop attendees. In June and July
2020 a review of the final 2019-risk assessment methodology was undertaken following feedback from the
2019 Christchurch/Lyttelton WSP assessment. The risk registers were also reviewed to ensure alignment.
Attendees at risk assessment workshops are listed in appendices in the supply-specific water safety plans.
A risk rating for each possible hazardous event was agreed based on the likelihood of the event occurring
(Table 3.1) and the consequences if it occurred
(
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Table 3.2). The matrix is based on five categories of likelihood and five categories of consequence
(Table 3.3)
established in internal staff workshops attended by the Drinking Water Assessor and Ministry of Health staff.
The New Zealand Drinking-water Safety Plan Framework8 (Ministry of Health, 2018) allows a water supplier to
establish its own approach to hazard identification and risk assessment methodology. The Handbook for
Preparing a Water Safety Plan9 (Ministry of Health, 2019) provides examples of likelihood and consequence
ratings. The Council developed its own risk assessment methodology taking into account the examples given
in the Handbook and the World Health Organisation Water Safety Plan Manual 2009, which says that the aim
of the risk assessment should be to distinguish between significant and less significant risks.
The likelihood rating scale descriptions adopted by the Council are stricter than the descriptions in the
Handbook. For example, the Handbook defines the likelihood description of ‘Unlikely’ as ‘Occurs more often
than once every five years and up to once per year’. The Council likelihood rating scale rates such an event as
‘Possible’ instead of ‘Unlikely’ which, for a risk that has a ‘Minor’ consequence, would change the risk rating
from Low (using the Handbook likelihood scale) to ‘Medium’ (using the Council likelihood scale).
8 Ministry of Health, 2018: New Zealand Drinking-water Safety Plan Framework:
https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/new-zealand-drinking-water-safety-plan-framework
9 Ministry of Health, 2019: Handbook for Preparing a Water Safety Plan:
https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/handbook-preparing-water-safety-plan
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Table 3.1: Likelihood Rating Scale Applied to Hazardous Events
Likelihood Frequency Score
Likelihood Description
Almost Certain
5
Occurs several times per month
Likely
4
Occurs several times per year but no more than once per month
Possible
3
Occurs several times in a 5-year period but no more than once per year
Unlikely
2
Occurs once every 5 to 50 years
Rare
1
Occurs only in exceptional circumstances or less than every 50 years.
The consequence ratings i
n Table 3.3 take into account impacts on public health and impacts on water supply
operations, with the higher rating of the two being used in the risk assessment table.
The Council makes two distinctions around microbial contamination of the water supply and the
consequential impacts on public health:
Between minor and major microbial contamination, which reflects the potential amount of
pathogens that could enter in the water supply. For example, minor microbial contamination
includes contamination from shallow groundwater or minor seepage through a reservoir roof,
whereas major microbial contamination includes sewage overflow into source water or a dead
animal in a reservoir. This distinction is made on the basis that there is a dose response
relationship between the concentration of pathogens in the water and the probability of
infection. It is informed by the causes of major water outbreaks around the world10.
Based on the number of people being supplied with water, the more people being supplied with
water, the greater the consequential impact – using 5,000 people as the threshold.
This was discussed in depth at the March 2019 workshop with Drinking Water Assessor Kirsty
McLeod, who agreed and advised that it was standard practice in public health to prioritise
efforts on areas which would have the biggest impact.
This means that there is a range of consequences from moderate (minor microbial contamination affecting
less than 5,000 people) to major (minor microbial contamination affecting more than 5,000 people, or major
microbial contamination affecting less than 5,000 people) to catastrophic (major microbial contamination
affecting more than 5,000 people). This compares with the Handbook examples which suggests major
consequence for an outbreak of widespread illness affecting a sub-population and a catastrophic
consequence for an outbreak of widespread illness affecting most of the population.
Pathogenic risks are also considered based on the level of potential contaminant entering the water supply
(i.e. minor vs major contamination).For example, minor microbial contamination includes contamination
from shallow groundwater or minor seepage through a reservoir roof, whereas major microbial
contamination includes sewage overflow into source water or a dead animal in a reservoir. This distinction is
made on the basis that there is a dose response relationship between the concentration of pathogens in the
water and the probability of infection.
Error! Reference source not found. provides descriptors for levels of
response in light of their effect on public health risks and shows how these are linked in to the emergency
response levels. A moderate event aligns with emergency level 3 (less than 10 E. coli /100mL detected) and a
major event aligns with emergency level 4 or 5 (more than 10 E. coli /100mL detected).
Chemical and radiological risks have been ranked based on their potential to cause acute, chronic or possible
harm to people. According to DWSNZ Guidelines chapter 9, in the radiological context, the MAV is intended to
indicate a level above which the radioactive content of the water should be investigated further and an
assessment of all relevant radiological issues undertaken. The MAV is thus more of a guideline than necessarily
10 Hrudey & Hrudey, 2014: Ensuring Safe Drinking Water: Learning from Frontline Experience With Contamination
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an absolute maximum. It is also intended to be clear however, that at levels below the MAV, there is no need
for further assessment and therefore the consequence ranking is minor.
For risks that are associated with both public health and operational/water continuity hazards, public health
consequences take priority over operational consequences.
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Table 3.2: Consequence Rating Scale Applied to Hazardous Events
Incident/Emergency level
Description of level
(Note: Sitrep required for Level two and
Incident
higher)
Impact on Public Health
Impact on Operations
Major microbial contamination,
Level 5
Widespread occurrence of waterborne
possibly deaths expected, that
High level of monitoring and
contamination (microbiological or
incident management required
(
affects >5,000 people
Catastrophic
chemical)
OR
consequence)
Significant event, which involves
Acute harm to people: via gross
multiple agencies working
OR
persistent exceedance of one or
together to respond and resolve
Presence of cyanotoxins in distribution
more chemical MAVs (e.g. more than
the situation.
network
5x MAV)
•
For lead (plumbosolvent
Lead by Civil Defence or other
source), this is over a 24hr sample
relevant external agency
period
3 Waters Lead - Manager Service
•
Presence of cyanotoxins in
Excel ence
distribution network
Potential for use of alternative unsafe
Water supply unable to be maintained/
supplies
Major disruption of service (over
expected to be unable to be maintained
24 hours and >500,000 customer
Notification: Taumata Arowai –
hours)
As soon as practicable
Impact could cause widespread
Declared civil defence natural disaster
disease/illness
Complete failure of systems
Level 4
More than 10 E.coli per 100 ml detected
Major contamination, widespread
Systems significantly
Major event, which could involve at the treatment plant with
illness, possibly deaths expected that compromised and abnormal
(
Major
multiple agencies working
contamination also within the
affects <5,000 people
operation
consequence)
together to respond and resolve
distribution system.
OR
the situation.
Lead by 3 Waters - Manager
OR
Minor contamination (1 - <10 E Coli)
Service Excel ence
causing widespread illness that
High level of monitoring and
Alert from District Health Board that
affects >5,000 people
incident management required
surveil ance information suggests
widespread cases of illness in the
OR
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community are drinking-water related
Notification: Taumata Arowai -
(more than 10 cases)
Occurrence of waterborne
As soon as practicable (In case of
contamination affecting a sub
any unplanned shut down
population (eg school)
exceeding 8hrs Taumata Arowai
should be notified within 24hrs)
Long term exceedances of a chemical
Potential acute harm to people from
Major disruption of service (8 to
MAV
exceedance of a short term MAV
24 hours and 20,000 to 500,000
customer hours)
OR
Chronic harm to people from long-
term exceedance of MAV.
Level 3
Detection of E.coli (<10) or significant
increase in background concentrations of
(
Moderate
other indicators (eg Total Coliforms) OR
consequence)
Moderate event. Other agencies
not involved with response.
Specific pathogens at the treatment
Taumata Arowai consulted with. plant or in distribution system OR
Minor microbial contamination that
3 Waters and Waste respond and
affects <5,000 people
Preventive measure failure in
resolve the situation.
OR
combination with corrective action
Lead by 3 Waters – Water and
failure associated with Critical Control
Possible harm to people (exceedance
Wastewater Operations
Point (CCP) OR
of Chemical MAV, including
radiological)
Significant modification to
Repeated exceedances of one or more
normal operation but
chemical MAVs (ie, above but close to the OR
manageable
MAV) OR
Widespread exceedance of aesthetic
Alert from District Health Board that
GV with possible harm to people
surveil ance information suggests cluster OR
of illness in the community is drinking-
water related (1 - 9 cases) OR
Cyanobacteria found in source water
Notification: Taumata Arowai -
As soon as practicable
Widespread exceedance of aesthetic GV
OR
Cyanobacteria found in source water
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Unplanned failure of infrastructure
Increased monitoring
(including treatment facilities) resulting
in failures in treatment or unplanned
Disruption to service (4 to 8
water outages for consumers lasting
hours and 500 to 20,000
more than 8hrs and less than 24 hours
customer hours)
Level 2
Reoccurrence of previous event with
Local area with exceedance of
Manageable disruption in the
increase in background indicators.
aesthetic GV (several complaints)
ability to supply water (e.g.
(
Minor
Moderate event. Other agencies
pressure) for more than 4hs and
consequence)
not involved with response.
Unplanned failure of infrastructure,
OR
< 8hs
which results in transmission line break.
Taumata Arowai may be
Loss of network pressure OR
Isolated exceedance of MAV
Short disruption of service (1 to 4
consulted with.
hours and 20 to 500 customer
Exceedance of 50% of DWSNZ MAV
OR
3 Waters and Waste respond and
hours)
Possible harm to people in the future
resolve the situation.
OR
(exceedance of half the chemical or
Lead by 3 Waters – Water and
Area with exceedances of aesthetic GV
radiological MAV)
Wastewater Operations
One or more chemicals at greater
than 50% of MAV
Level 1
Exceedance of a DWSNZ guideline (GV) or Isolated, single exceedance of
Acceptable range of Aesthetic
aesthetic Guideline Value, some
Little if any disruption to normal
(
insignificant
determinand
complaints
operations, usually covered as a
consequence)
Minor event. Other agencies not
public complaint/notification
involved with response.
colour
smell
Taumata Arowai may be
taste
consulted with.
Unplanned failure of infrastructure or
Very short disruption of service
3 Waters and Waste respond and source supply, where water quality or
(up to 1 hour and <20 customer
resolve the situation.
supply is unlikely to be compromised or
hours)
Lead by 3 Waters – Water and
an alternative process is available to
Wastewater Operations
provide drinking water.
Water restrictions required to enable
Increased monitoring to confirm
supply continuity
trends
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Guidance for the overall assessment of the hazardous events based on their likelihood and consequence
rating was taken from the 2009 World Health Organization Water Safety Plan Manual11.
A semi-quantitative risk prioritisation approach was used whereby each likelihood and consequence
category received a score between 1 and 5 (1 being best, 5 being worst). The scoring system is outlined in
Table 3.3. The risk score – the product of the likelihood and consequence scores – determines the overal
risk rating, as pe
r Table 3.4.
Where the risks have been grouped, the Council’s evaluation of the risk has been determined using the
greatest risk case. For example, the reservoir with the greatest risk profile was used to consider the likelihood
and consequence of an event occurring for all reservoirs.
As noted above, the likelihood ratings are one step more conservative than the Handbook example ratings
and the consequence ratings are in some cases one step less conservative than the Handbook (e.g. major
microbial contamination affecting less than 5,000 people is rated by the Council as major, whereas the
Handbook example rating is catastrophic). The net effect is that the risk score is the same or more
conservative. By way of example, introduction of contamination in and around a water storage tank in Wainui
due to access by animals/birds:
Using the Council risk methodology, the residual likelihood is unlikely (occurs once every 5 to 50
years) and the consequence is major, which results in a medium risk rating.
Using the Handbook risk methodology instead, the residual likelihood would be rare (occurs less than
or equal to once every five years) and the consequence would be catastrophic, which would also result
in a medium risk rating.
An example of where the Council risk methodology has resulted in a more conservative risk score than the
Handbook risk methodology is: introduction of contamination in the distribution system due to
no/inadequate/faulty/incorrectly installed backflow prevention device in Akaroa/Takamātua:
Using the Council methodology, the residual likelihood is unlikely and the consequence is moderate,
which results in a medium risk rating
Using the Handbook risk methodology instead, the residual likelihood would be rare and the
consequence would be major, which would result in a low risk rating.
Table 3.3: Semi-Quantitative Risk Prioritisation Approach for Risk Rating
Consequence
Insignificant
Minor
Moderate
Major
Catastrophic Score
Rare
1
2
3
4
5
1
Unlikely
2
4
6
8
10
2
Possible
3
6
9
12
15
3
Likely
4
8
12
16
20
4
Likelihood
Almost
5
10
15
20
25
5
Certain
Score
1
2
3
4
5
11 World Health Organization, 2009: Water Safety Plan Manual:
https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/publication_9789241562638/en/
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Table 3.4: Relationship between Risk Score and Overall Risk Rating
Risk Score
1 - 51
52 - 9
10 - 15
16 - 25
Risk Rating
Low
Medium
High
Extreme
1 risk score combination 'almost certain/insignificant'
2 risk score combination 'rare/catastrophic'
3.2 Risk assessment, uncertainty and acceptability
While it is recognised that a range of factors contribute to the consequence of an event including economic,
environmental, public health and operational impacts, this document only considers impacts on public
health and operations. This is in line with the Water Safety Plan’s focus on public health. The impacts to public
health and operations are considered separately. Where an event has an impact on both public health and
operations, the highest-ranking consequence is used. Overall, emphasis is placed on public health risks.
Maximum levels of risk and mitigated risk
The Risk Table gives details of the maximum risk and the residual risk. The maximum risk rating is the level of
risk that a hazardous event poses on the water supply if there were no preventive measures in place and all
barriers failed. The residual risk rating takes into account current preventive measures.
Risk uncertainty and acceptability of risks
Hazard identification and risk assessment are activities of (informed) judgement and inevitably contain
uncertainty and limitations. Uncertainty arises from factors such as lack of complete knowledge or
variability/inconsistency of data and/or information. These uncertainties and limitations need to be
understood and taken into account when determining the acceptability of risks. Risk uncertainty descriptors
are provided i
n Table 3.5 and are referenced in the risk assessment table.
Table 3.5: Risk uncertainty descriptors
Level of
Description
Uncertainty
There are at least five years of drinking water quality monitoring data from the Treatment Plant
and Distribution Zone available that is compliant with the requirements of the Drinking Water
Standards for New Zealand in terms of number of samples, days of the week used and days
between samples. The data has been collated and analysed, and variability is predictable.
Certain
The hazardous event and preventive measures/processes involved are thoroughly understood.
There are operational measures/control points in place that deal with the hazard (e.g. high
turbidity divert settings, automatic shut-down of WTP on certain conditions), and the
robustness of these measures/controls is confirmed by at least five years of associated data or
results.
There are at least two years of drinking water quality monitoring data from the Treatment Plant
and Distribution Zone available that is compliant with the requirements of the Drinking Water
Standards for New Zealand in terms of number of samples, days of the week used and days
between samples. The data has been collated and analysed, and variability is predictable.
There is a good understanding of the hazardous event and preventive measures/processes
Confident
involved.
There are operational measures / control points in place that deal with the hazard (e.g. high
turbidity divert settings, automatic shut-down of WTP on certain conditions) , and the
robustness of these measures/controls is confirmed by at least two years of associated data or
results.
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Level of
Description
Uncertainty
There is at least one year of drinking water quality monitoring data from the Treatment Plant
and Distribution Zone available that is compliant with the requirements of the Drinking Water
Standards for New Zealand in terms of number of samples, days of the week used and days
between samples. The data has been collated and analysed, and variability is predictable.
There is a good understanding of the hazardous event and preventive measures/processes
involved.
Reliable
There are operational measures/control points in place that deal with the hazard (e.g. high
turbidity divert settings, automatic shut-down of WTP on certain conditions) , and the
robustness of these measures/controls is confirmed by at least one year of associated data or
results.
In some cases, depending on the hazardous event, other monitoring data such as age dating
results, groundwater model ing results, asset database records and more may be considered
in the uncertainty assessment, with rationale provided why it is considered ‘reliable’.
There are limited monitoring data available.
There is a reasonable understanding of the hazardous event and preventive measures/process
Estimate
involved.
There are manual operational measures/control points in place that deal with the hazard with
limited data or results.
There is limited or no monitoring data available.
Uncertain
The hazardous events or preventive measures/processes are not well understood.
There are no operational measures/control points in place that deal with the hazard.
Table 3.6 outlines the levels of risk the Council considers:
a) Acceptable, for which it will take no additional actions to further reduce the risk
b) Unacceptable, for which additional actions / improvements will be taken.
Table 3.6: Acceptability of risks
Residual Risk
Level of Uncertainty
Acceptability
Management Actions
Certain, Confident, Reliable
Acceptable
Manage within existing processes,
Low Risk
adopting continuous improvement.
Estimate, Uncertain
Acceptable
Risk Score 6-7: Manage within existing
processes, adopting continuous
improvement.
Certain, Confident, Reliable
Acceptable
Medium Risk
Risk Score 8-9: Consider implementing
medium-term risk reduction measures
Implement short-term measures, and
Estimate, Uncertain
Unacceptable
investigations to reduce level of
uncertainty as soon as possible.
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Residual Risk
Level of Uncertainty
Acceptability
Management Actions
Implement short-term measures
Certain, Confident, Reliable
Unacceptable
immediately, longer-term risk reduction
measures need to be a priority.
High Risk
Implement short-term measures
Uncertain
Unacceptable
immediately, and investigations to reduce
level of uncertainty as soon as possible.
Implement short-term measures
immediately, emergency plans on stand-
Certain, Confident, Reliable
Unacceptable
by, longer-term risk reduction measures
given top priority.
Extreme Risk
Implement short-term measures
immediately, emergency plans on stand-
Estimate, Uncertain
Unacceptable
by. Implement investigations immediately
to reduce level of uncertainty.
The Council has determined that a medium risk where the level of Uncertainty is classified as ‘Certain’,
‘Confident’, or ‘Reliable’ is an acceptable risk, as illustrated in Table 3.6. As the Council has adopted stricter
likelihood rating scale descriptions than the descriptions provided in the Handbook (refer to 3.1), a medium
risk as assessed by Council would stil be likely to be assessed as a low risk under the Ministry of Health
guidance.
Unacceptable risks requiring improvements have been identified in the respective capital, operational and
procedural improvement tables. The responsibility for ensuring progress on the improvement, the timeframe
for the improvement, and possible practical steps to carry out the improvement are also included in the
tables.
To ensure that the work is undertaken, responsibilities have been assigned to the relevant Council staff. Roles
and responsibilities are likely to change and therefore are required to be checked as part of the annual internal
WSP review process.
The live Risk Table and associated Improvement Tables as well as plausible combinations of hazards or
hazardous events that result in an increased level of risk to the water quality are located in the supply specific
water safety plans.
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3.3 Risk assessment table
Please refer to the supply-specific water safety plans.
3.4 Plausible combinations of hazards
Please refer to the supply-specific water safety plans.
3.5 Unacceptable risks
Please refer to the supply-specific water safety plans.
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4 Existing Preventive Measures and Barriers to
Contamination
4.1 Introduction
Multi-barrier risk management is considered the best practice approach to supply drinking water as it
identifies barriers that prevent contamination from entering the water at every step from source to tap. The
quality of water supplied by Christchurch City Council to consumers is secured through the use of multiple
barriers to the entry of contaminants. Barriers to contamination considered in this plan extend from
catchment to the end supply to consumers.
The four types of barriers are:
Preventing hazards entering the raw water
Removing particles and hazardous chemicals from the water
Killing or inactivating pathogens in the water
Maintaining the quality of the water in the distribution system.
In addition to considering barriers at each step in the physical supply chain (source, treatment, distribution,
reticulation) barriers have also been considered for each step in supply management process.
4.2 Preventative measures – approaches, definitions and application
The use of the terms ‘full’ and ‘partial’ preventative measures has been adopted to help in identifying the
robustness and efficacy of the preventative measure(s). The definitions adopted by council are described in
Table 4.1.
Table 4.1: Preventive Measures Definition
Term
Definition
Full preventative measure
A preventative measure that reduces the likelihood and/or consequence
of a risk.
Partial preventative measure
A preventative measure that reduces the risk but not necessarily the
likelihood and/or consequence. These include measures that may be in
force periodically, policies and guidelines or measures that may not be
in place across the entire network.
Event detection
Not a preventative measure but is a process or procedure in place to
identify potential issues with the water supply. An issue detected
through these measures are likely to trigger investigations
Council considers that a combination of multiple partial measures can, in some instances, reduce the
likelihood and/or consequence of a hazard.
The primary preventive measures and barriers to contamination, and their effectiveness are discussed in the
supply-specific water safety plans.
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4.3 Additional mitigation measures
In addition to the measures discussed in the supply-specific water safety plans, the following measures also
assist in providing barriers in the distribution network.
Dedicated maintenance contractor
Council’s principal maintenance contractor is Citycare Water. The Maintenance Contract has specific
requirements on the contractor to ensure that the integrity of the water supply system so that the water
quality is not compromised.
Contract clause 12 ‘
Cleanliness, Hygiene and Contamination Certificate’ outlines the contractor’s obligations,
and has the following objectives:
comply with regulatory requirements
afford a high level of security against mains contamination.
All distribution system maintenance is undertaken in a sanitary manner by our Maintenance Contractor
Citycare Water and their Authorised Water Supply Installers. Operators are trained and experienced and thus
they implement hygienic practices during pipe repairs.
Authorised Water Supply Installer Register
Council requires all new pipework installations or the renewal of existing assets to be undertaken by
Authorised Water Supply Installers12.
Each water supply reticulation work site is required to have an Authorised Instal er on site who controls the
work. Authorised Installers are experienced individual workers who have been assessed by Council staff and
who have committed to ongoing training towards a water industry qualification.
Authorised Installers are required to comply with ‘Schedule D: Techniques & procedures for preventing
contamination of Christchurch’s Potable Water Supply System’ of the ‘Conditions for Approval as a Water
Supply Authorised Installer’. This outlines the necessary actions and precautions that all contractors are to
take in order to afford a high degree of confidence that, when there is work carried out on the system, the
water supply network is not put at unnecessary risk of contamination.
‘Strike’ system to encourage high quality work
Authorised water supply installers who carry out work that is not in accordance with Council requirements
are issued with breach notices. A contractor who has received 3 notices within a 12-month period is removed
from the register and is no longer able to work on the Council’s water supply network. This system has proven
beneficial in terms of raising contractors’ awareness of work standards and hygiene requirements.
Approved chlorination contractors
Council requires all new water supply mains and sub mains to be pressure tested, chlorinated and
bacteriologically tested in order to minimise the risk of contamination of the water supply network.
Experienced, Council approved personnel must carry out chlorination13.
12
https://ccc.govt.nz/consents-and-licences/construction-requirements/approved-contractors/authorised-water-
supply-instal ers
13https://ccc.govt.nz/consents-and-licences/construction-requirements/approved-contractors/chlorination-
contractors
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The use of approved chlorination contractors ensures that all pipework is adequately chlorinated and
appropriate water testing takes place.
Permit to Work system
The Council introduced the Permit to Work system14 for works on the water supply and wastewater networks.
Every contractor working on the Council’s water supply infrastructure must obtain a Permit to Work from the
Council before starting work. Permits to Work are held by the Council and are distributed to its principal
maintenance contractor. The purpose of the Permit to Work system is to ensure that Council:
Has visibility of what is happening in its networks
Can notify its principal maintenance contractor of work carried out by others, in case an after-
hours response is required
Can notify the applicant of any special conditions and precautions they should take in doing the
work, and any contingencies and remedial actions required.
Water loss and leak detection contract
Christchurch City Council has a contract in place with Detection Services South Island Ltd as outlined in
secti
on 2.3.1.
4.4 Corrective Actions
In addition to preventative measures discussed in secti
on 4.3 and in the supply-specific water safety plans,
the following corrective actions also assist to eliminate the cause of a nonconformity in water quality in the
distribution network and to prevent recurrence in the distribution network.
Supply agreement with ProTranz Earthmoving Ltd for water tanker services
The option of providing water via tanker to key areas is a fall back preventative measure to ensure the
community continues to receive safe drinking water in the event of supply source, treatment or distribution
issues. The Council has a contract in place for delivery of potable water to Banks Peninsula in general and
specifically Duvauchelle with Protranz (Tri
mCN4600002743) a registered water carrier, to ensure that services
are available 24 hours per day, with the ability to provide the services continuously for up to 5 days as well as
required response times. These services must always comply with the Ministry of Health “
Guidelines for the
Safe Carriage and Delivery of Drinking-water” and Drinking Water Standards for New Zealand (current at the
time the contract was signed). Emergency situations requiring water tankering include: a major water mains
break requiring the local reservoir to be replenished when the repair has been completed, or when a water
mains repair takes more than eight hours to complete and a tanker is required to supply potable water to
affected properties using a number of water taps fixed to the rear of the tanker.
Flush points
There are flush points located throughout the network. These are used as and when required, when we either
are notified of issues around water quality, through customer complaints or water sampling results. They are
also used to flush the network after any replacement or repair work to any fittings and fixtures in the
distribution network.
14
https://ccc.govt.nz/consents-and-licences/construction-requirements/permit-to-work
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4.5 Summary of existing preventive measures
A summary table of the existing preventive measures for hazards and hazardous events and the barriers that
are in place is provided in the supply-specific water safety plans.
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5 Identification of Additional Preventive Measures
and Improvement Plan
5.1 Improvements to address unacceptable risks
The supply-specific risk assessment tables include an assessment of each risk’s acceptability in light of the
likelihood, consequence and uncertainty. The Council has developed an improvement plan that includes
several procedural improvements as well as capital improvements, which will address the unacceptable risks
and help deliver a safer and more robust water supply.
All improvement items related to unacceptable risks have been assigned the highest priority. The
responsibility for ensuring progress on the improvement, the timeframe for the improvement, and possible
practical steps to carry out the improvement are also included in the tables. To ensure that the work is
undertaken, responsibilities have been assigned to the relevant Council staff. Roles and responsibilities are
likely to change and therefore are required to be checked as part of the annual internal water safety plan
review process. Senior management has endorsed these improvements by approving the full water safety
plan, reflected in the signatures provided on page 2.
Detailed information on water supply improvements is provided in the supply-specific water safety plans.
5.2 Potential additional improvements
The Council continuously works on improving water supply delivery services and has identified additional
areas where procedural improvements could be implemented. These items have a lower priority than those
in secti
on 5.1 and will be addressed when and if staff resources and funding is available.
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6 Operational Procedures
6.1 Christchurch and Lyttelton
6.1.1 System operations
The daily operation of the Christchurch City and Lyttelton water supplies is the responsibility of the Council.
The Three Waters & Waste Network Operations Team is a team of instrument, telemetry, electrical and
network control experts that have oversight of the water supply network SCADA system (including pump
stations, reservoirs) from a dedicated control room located on the grounds of the Christchurch Wastewater
Treatment Plant.
The SCADA system is used for monitoring and controlling the Council’s drinking water, wastewater and
stormwater infrastructure. This includes treatment plants on Banks Peninsula. This SCADA also hosts the
Tsunami Warning System. Remote terminal units (RTUs) general y operate each station automatically,
however the central y located operators can manually control stations connected to the SCADA system.
Information relating to the SCADA system is provided in Secti
on 2.2.
Figure 6.1: Network operations control room
The Council, together with the nominated maintenance contractor, is also responsible for monitoring the
water supply and for ensuring that there is a rapid response to alarms and any contamination identified within
the network.
Figure 6.2 and 6.3 provide an overview of the Council management structure in place for
managing the water supply and identifies team roles and responsibilities. The live organisational chart can be
viewed in Council’s PDP (Plan Develop Perform) system.
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Figure 6.2: Three Waters & Waste Unit Management Structure/ Quality and Compliance Team
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Figure 6.3: Three Waters Planning and Delivery Teams
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6.1.2 Operations manuals
Network controllers have oversight of the water supply network SCADA system. A sharepoint site on the
Council’s intranet15
(Figure 6.4) has been developed as a document information system to provide quick and
easy access to the information required by the network controllers to safely operate the water supply
Figure 6.4: Network operations homepage
The ‘People’ sharepoint page provides shortcuts to the on call register, team members and leave planners.
The ‘Process’ sharepoint page
(Figure 6.5) contains shortcuts to operations manuals relevant to the water
supply network.
Figure 6.5: Process webpage with shortcuts to the operations manuals
The draft Network Operations Manual
(TRIM://19/1048910) has been developed by the network controllers. It
documents the system for operating the Council’s 3 Waters & Waste infrastructure, including potable water,
wastewater, stormwater, landfill gas, and tsunami warning systems. The purpose of this manual is to ensure
15
http://intranet.ccc.govt.nz/Teams/CityServices/3WatersWaste/NetOps/default.aspx
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that the network control team operates this infrastructure in a standardised manner to consistently meet all
customer and stakeholder requirements.
The draft Potable Water Zone Manual
(TRIM://19/1054164) forms part of the Network Operations Manual. This
manual contains general information for the operation of any potable water zone as wel as information for
the operation of specific zones (zone manuals), including:
Operating objectives
Operating strategy
Zone descriptions
SCADA operation information
Standard operating procedures (SOPs) relevant to the operation and maintenance of all
potable water sites
Possible changes to make potable water operation and network monitoring easier.
The draft Potable Water Zone Manual also contains links to the ten individual potable water zone manuals.
The draft Network Environment Manual
(TRIM://20/355601) also covers the Council’s 3 Waters infrastructure.
The purpose of this manual is to ensure that the network control team operates this infrastructure in
accordance with all environmental consent compliance requirements, and in a manner that reduces
environmental impacts and maximises operating efficiency.
The ‘Plant’ sharepoint page
(Figure 6.6) provides shortcuts to key operational manuals and schematics of the
primary and secondary water supply zones. The primary water supply zones are those that are served directly
by pump stations with wells. The secondary water supply zones are those that are serviced from reservoirs on
the hills (these are fed from the primary water supply zones).
The water supply primary zones schematic
(Figure 6.7) provides information on the 142 wells at 50 primary
pump station sites, major pipelines and the valves between supply zones. The schematic is interactive and
allows individual zones to be displayed, as shown in
Figure 6.8. At the individual zone level, it is also possible
to select individual pump stations and the relevant reference information, including design, operation,
maintenance and site specific risk assessment information
(Figure 6.9).
Figure 6.6: Plant webpage with water supply schematics and key manuals
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Figure 6.7: Water Supply Primary Zones
Figure 6.8: Example of individual water supply zone breakdown
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Figure 6.9: Example of individual pump station reference information
Information is also available on a separate schematic for water supply secondary zones
(Figure 6.10). Water
supply secondary zones include booster pumps and reservoirs. As with the water supply primary zones, the
water supply secondary zones allow individual zones to be displayed
(Figure 6.11). At the individual zone level,
individual reservoirs can be selected and the relevant reference information, including the reservoir manual,
maintenance and security assessment information
(Figure 6.12). The reservoir manuals form part of the zone
manuals and contain site-specific information on equipment, resource consents, operating notes and SCADA
operation information.
Figure 6.10: Water supply secondary zones schematic
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Figure 6.11: Example of individual water supply secondary zone schematic
Figure 6.12: Example of specifc reservoir information in the water supply secondary zones
The ‘Performance’ webpage
(Figure 6.13) contains the shortcuts to the Network Controllers shift logs
(Figure
6.14). This version on Sharepoint removes the need for spreadsheet-based records. A procedures manual has
been developed to support this change
(TRIM://20/719794). The shift logs are a record of events that have
occurred during a network controller’s shift and a record of the actions taken. These logs are visible to the
Network Operations and Instrumentation, Electrical and Control teams. The shift logs can be displayed day
by day, for the last seven days, or filtered by person, date, or specific system (for example, “potable”
designation will provide all logs for the potable water system). Shift logs of the previous 24 hours are emailed
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out to all members of the Network Operations and Instrumentation, Electrical and Control teams. In addition,
shift logs attach directly to the relevant pump station
(Figure 6.15).
Figure 6.13: Performance webpage with shortcuts to the daily shift log information
Figure 6.14: Sharepoint daily shift log page
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Figure 6.15: Daily shift log information attached to individual pump stations (only available to
network controllers)
6.1.3 System maintenance
The maintenance of the Christchurch water supply is outsourced under contract to Citycare Water. The
responsibilities of both Council and the Contractor are detailed in the management contract and they are also
outlined in the Water Supply Asset Management Plan. The Council’s service contract lists the day to day
requirements for safe maintenance of the water supply. All relevant documents are stored in TRIM folder:
TRIM://CN4600000778.
A separate Contract Management Plan (CMP) has been prepared by Citycare Water to describe processes that
have been specifically developed for the Christchurch City Council Maintenance of City Water and Wastewater
Network Contract, as well as signposting Citycare Water’s normal business processes under which the
contract wil be delivered. The document is stored in TRIM:
19/458749. This plan covers the Christchurch City
Council Maintenance of City Water and Wastewater Network Contract which includes the urban Christchurch
and Lyttelton Harbour water supplies.
This plan has been prepared to address all contract requirement of the Council and to meet the management
needs of Citycare Water. The plan is reviewed annually to ensure it is kept up to date.
Key service requirements are:
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Be an outstanding service provider of quality Water and Wastewater Services and meet the
client’s expectations of quality, cost and service
Reduce the costs of the service to the Christchurch City Council
Achieve a quality and level of service higher than that which existed prior to the commencement
of this contract
Be (and be seen to be) innovative
Obtain measurable outcomes
Support Christchurch City Council’s operations and enable future growth.
Citycare, together with the Council, is also responsible for monitoring the water supply and for ensuring that
there is a rapid response to contamination identified within the network. The organisation chart for Citycare
Water operations team is shown i
n Figure 6.16.
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Figure 6.16: Citycare Water Supply Operations Structure n
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6.2 Banks Peninsula
6.2.1 System management
The operation of the Banks Peninsula Water Treatment Plants (including source management) is managed by
Council through a dedicated Water and Wastewater Banks Peninsula team under the leadership of the
Manager Operations. The operation and maintenance of the water distribution system and downstream
reservoirs is outsourced under contract to Citycare Water. The responsibilities of both the Council and the
Contractor are detailed in the maintenance contract and they are outlined in the Water Supply Asset
Management Plan. The Council’s service contract lists the day to day requirements for safe operation and
maintenance of the water supply. All relevant documents are stored in TRIM folder:
TRIM://CN4600000778.
A separate Contract Management Plan (CMP) has been prepared by Citycare to describe processes that have
been specifically developed for the Christchurch City Council Maintenance of City Water and Wastewater
Network Contract, as well as signposting Citycare’s normal business processes under which the contract will
be delivered. The document is stored in TRIM:
19/458749.
This plan was prepared to address all contract requirements of the Council and to meet the management
needs of Citycare. The plan is reviewed annually to ensure it is kept up to date.
Key service requirements to be met are:
Be an outstanding service provider of quality Water and Wastewater Services and meet the
client’s expectations of quality, cost and service
Reduce the costs of the service to the Christchurch City Council
Achieve a quality and level of service higher than that which existed prior to the commencement
of this contract
Be (and be seen to be) innovative
Obtain measurable outcomes
Support Christchurch City Council’s operations and enable future growth.
.
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6.3 Operational and maintenance staff training
Key Council staff and Citycare Water staff hold various qualifications that include but not limited to:
National Diploma in Drinking Water Level 5 – Water Treatment
National Certificate in Water Reticulation (Service Person) – Level 4
National Diploma in Water Treatment (Drinking Water Assessor)
National Certificate in Water Treatment or National Certificate in Reticulation (Planned and
Preventative Maintenance – Level 3 for Technicians)
Bachelor of Engineering degrees in Mechanical, Civil, Natural Resources and Environmental
Engineering
Chartered Professional Engineer accreditation.
In addition to the above specific qualifications, operational staff receive formal (via a training provider such
as WSP) and informal training (via product suppliers) on matters such as:
Maintenance of filters
UV system monitoring and maintenance
Calibration of equipment
Operational commissioning
Drinking water sampling
Use of SCADA
Laboratory systems and processes
Use of Drinking Water Online.
Training records for each employee are stored in Council and Citycare Water’s respective human resources
record system. Qualification certificates for the key Citycare staff are stored in TR
IM 20/1128593. The training
records for the Council’s Three Waters Operations teams are stored in TR
IM 12/282284.
Citycare Water’s normal process is for a competent person or trainer to provide formal training and then
undertake a competency check and sign off the person. This is repeated at a set time to ensure the person
remains competent. If deemed appropriate, a job shadowing process is used.
Council staff are also encouraged to develop a training plan, which outlines the wants and needs in respect
to training relevant to individual job responsibilities. For network controllers, their induction consists of 3 to
6 months training with an experienced network controller. The trainer then decides when the network
controller is ready to operate.
6.4 Operations and maintenance manual and contractor’s plan
Operations and maintenance manuals for each of the water supplies are included in the supply-specific water
safety plans.
For the Christchurch/Lyttelton water supply, the manuals help to:
Understand the operation and maintenance of the pump station as a whole and the various
components that make up the system
Specify how equipment should function as designed
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Specify how equipment should be operated and maintained
Provide guidance on the functional and process control software.
These plans include:
Scope of service
Notifiable events
Location of sites and quick reference guides
Standard operating procedures
Key contacts
Sample check sheets with notes for accurate completion of the check sheet.
In addition, some pump stations have site specific Contractor’s Plans. Rounds check sheets are used by
Citycare to ensure there is consistency in inspections across the water supply network. Copies of Citycare’s
check sheets are stored in TRIM
19/1039731.
For Banks Peninsula supplies, the Contractor’s Plans outlines the methodologies and resources that Citycare
Water use to operate and maintain the water treatment plants. The plan covers:
Resource consent information
Treatment process flow chart
Monitoring and reporting
Site management
Associated operational procedures.
Procedures aim to protect human health, assets, and the environment while minimising disruption of the
water supply to the community. Rounds checksheets are used by Citycare to ensure there is consistency in
inspections across the water supply network.
The Operations and Maintenance Manuals and the Contractor’s Plan interact with each other yet have a
slightly different focus. The Operations and Maintenance Manual is a comprehensive document that provides
all the details necessary about the pump station as well as individual pieces of equipment to help the
maintenance staff keep everything running smoothly. The Contractor’s Plan has been traditionally written by
Council’s nominated maintenance contractor Citycare Water and builds on the Maintenance Manuals, adding
much more detail on maintenance schedules and procedures that are unique to the supply and the
maintenance contract deliverables.
A new contract is planned to roll out from 1st July, this has been written jointly with Citycare Water and
Council staff both heavily involved. The new contract will have much greater clarity of the work required
along with greater visibility of work completed against Council assets through exception reporting (Power Bi
dashboards) and systemised scoring that is shared “live” with the Contractor. This will ensure an open and
transparent recording of performance against performance criteria.
The contractor’s plan is reviewed annual y. These reviews are focused on ensuring there is alignment with the
water safety plans and their implementation as wel as ensuring an assets maintenance lifecycle is optimised.
The Council holds a water supply network operations, planning and improvement coordination meeting
fortnightly. Water safety plans are a standing agenda item. Meeting minutes are in TRIM:
FOLDER09/2180.
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6.5 Standard operating procedures
Citycare Water has developed and maintains comprehensive standard operating procedures which apply to
all aspects of water supply operations and maintenance. These procedures are listed i
n Table 6.1 Where
there is a specific water supply stated this is due to instrumentation/processes specific to that water supply
rather than general application.
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Table 6.1: Citycare Water Standard Operating Procedures
Name
Issue Date
Document Owner
Access System Maintenance.docx
12/09/2019
Accessing Rounds in Mem-Tab.docx
20/07/2020
AC-ROV 100 Internal Tank Inspections.docx
4/10/2019
AC-ROV 100 Maintenance and On-site Checks.docx
4/10/2019
AC-ROV 100 Reviewing – Silt Levels and Internal
8/10/2019
Condition Inspection.docx
Air Valve Cleaning and Flushing.docx
12/09/2019
Alarm and Controls Testing.docx
12/09/2019
Anchor Point Certification.docx
12/09/2019
Application of Herbicides.docx
26/03/2021
As Built Survey Responsibilities.docx
1/08/2015
Asbestos Cement Pipe Handling.docx
15/10/2018
Asbestos in Soil.docx
30/04/2021
Asset Condition Grading.docx
12/09/2019
Asset Data Validation and New Asset Pickup.docx
12/09/2019
Backflow
Prevention
Device
and
RPZ
24/02/2020
Maintenance.docx
Backwash Tank Maintenance.docx
31/07/2019
Bolted Joints.docx
24/01/2018
Bore and Wellhead Inspection and Maintenance
12/09/2019
(Minor).docx
Bore and Wel head Maintenance (Major).docx
12/09/2019
Bulk Loading Assets to Rounds.docx
22/06/2020
Bullding Clean.docx
12/09/2019
CCTV As Built Survey.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Auditing RN Interrrogation.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Field Reviewing.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Health, Safety and Environmental Monthly
5/07/2018
Reporting.docx
CCTV Incident Reporting.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV KPI Status Definations.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Lateral Inspections.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Loading Assets.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Loading Job Request RNs.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Loading Jobs in CEM_CAM.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Loading Manhole Uncovers_Locates.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Management of ACM Packages.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Managing Media.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Managing Noise.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Managing Reports and Deliverables.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Pole Camera Review.docx
27/07/2020
CCTV Resident Consultation.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Resurvey_Reburn Process.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Review Scoping.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Reviewing.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Root Investigations.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Scoping of Works.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Survey In-House Reviewing.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Survey Inspection.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Work in Rail Corridors.docx
5/07/2018
CCTV Works - Incident Reporting.docx
1/08/2015
CCTV Works - Managing Residents at Night.docx
25/01/2018
CCTV Works - Plant Audits.docx
25/01/2018
CEM – Completing a Round.docx
25/01/2018
Check and Maintain Diesel Tank Levels.docx
5/02/2021
Chemwatch.docx
25/01/2018
Chlorinating Water Pipelines.docx
25/01/2018
Chlorinating Water Pipes.docx
4/07/2018
Chlorine Dosing Pump Maintenance.docx
31/07/2019
Chlorine Machine Maintenance.docx
12/09/2019
Clear Blocked Pump.docx
12/09/2019
Construct Inspection Chambers-Sumps.docx
29/01/2018
Contaminated Land Management.docx
30/04/2021
Contract Work Reactive.docx
29/01/2018
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Coronavirus – Residential Site Visits.docx
3/04/2020
COVID Omicron Phase 3 Case Management.docx
24/04/2018
COVID-19 Level 2 Field Staff SOP - Water.docx
8/09/2021
COVID-19 Level 3 Field Staff SOP - Water.docx
31/08/2021
COVID-19 Level 4 Field Staff SOP - Water.docx
24/08/2021
Crane Certification.docx
12/09/2019
Crane Maintenance.docx
12/09/2019
Creating and Loading Rounds.docx
27/07/2020
Creating DCAR Reports.docx
27/07/2020
Creating Water BCTI Invoices.docx
18/05/2020
Critical Risk - Energy Sources (Electricity and
31/10/2018
Overhead Lines).docx
Critical
Risk
-
Hazardous
Substances
28/10/2020
Management.docx
Critical Risk - Lifting Operations.docx
2/09/2019
Critical Risk - Live Traffic.docx
21/12/2017
Critical Risk - Mobile Plant.docx
2/09/2019
Critical Risk - Powered Plant and Equipment.docx
2/09/2019
Critical Risk - Working at Height.docx
13/10/2020
Critical Risk Standard - Powered Cutting
8/03/2022
Equipment - Angle Grinders.docx
Critical Risks - Confined Spaces.docx
24/08/2020
Critical Risks - Excavations and Trenches.docx
26/11/2018
Cutting Pipes.docx
1/08/2015
Dewatering Management.docx
1/08/2015
Dewatering.docx
1/08/2015
Disinfection of Water Repairs - Type A (Less than 26/08/2019
3m).docx
Disinfection of Water Repairs - Type B (Up to 24m).docx
26/08/2019
Door and Window Maintenance.docx
12/09/2019
Dosing of Chlorine in Reservoir and Suction Tanks.docx
4/07/2018
Download Software Settings.docx
12/09/2019
Drawing Water from City Council Fire Hydrant.docx
1/08/2015
Dunedin City Council Drinking Water Reservoir 20/07/2020
Cleaning.docx
Dust Management.docx
1/08/2015
Electrical Check (Minor).docx
12/09/2019
Electrical Check.docx
12/09/2019
Electro Fusion.docx
29/01/2018
EMS for Emergency Spil s.docx
30/08/2018
Environmental Management Practices - Daily Work 9/11/2017
Activities.docx
Fences, Walls and Retaining Walls Maintenance.docx
12/09/2019
Field Testing Backflow Devices.docx
20/05/2020
Fire Extinguisher Maintenance.docx
12/09/2019
Fire Hydrant and Sluice Valve Maintenance.docx
4/07/2018
Flow Meter Calibration for Compliance.docx
12/09/2019
Generator Maintenance (Minor).docx
12/09/2019
Gethomesafe Alert Response Protocol - Citycare 6/07/2020
Water.docx
Graffiti Removal.docx
12/09/2019
Ground, Mowing and Gardening.docx
12/09/2019
Hand-Held Concrete Saw Operation.docx
15/01/2020
Hazardous Substances Management - Managing 18/09/2017
Spil s.docx
Hazardous Substances Management.docx
1/08/2015
Health and Safety Risk Management Flowchart.docx
18/08/2020
Hydrants Attendance - Flow and Pressure Testing.docx
1/08/2015
Hydrants Attendance - Painting and Checking.docx
1/08/2015
Hydrants Attendance - Pressure Testing After Pipe 1/08/2015
Burst.docx
Hydrants Attendance - Water Quality Flush.docx
1/08/2015
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Inspection and Testing - QA Record Sheets.docx
1/08/2015
Inspection of Services.docx
1/08/2015
Inspections, Maintenance and Monitoring of Backwash 21/08/2019
Irrigation Systems - Birdlings Flat.docx
Instal ing A Dead End.docx
1/08/2015
Instal ing Backflow Devices.docx
20/05/2020
Instal ing Fire Hydrants.docx
1/08/2015
Instal ing Water Fittings on Existing Pipelines.docx
1/08/2015
Instrument Calibration.docx
12/09/2019
Iron Bacteria Management - Birdlings Flat.docx
21/08/2019
Isolation and Lockout.docm
2/09/2019
Jetting and Combo (Jetting and Sucker Truck) 17/02/2021
Operations.docx
Job Safety and Environmental Analysis (JSEA).docx
5/12/2017
Joint and Pipe Laying.docx
1/08/2015
Lifting Heavy Backflow Lids.docx
3/10/2019
Loading CCTV Jobs into CAM and CEM.docx
19/04/2018
Loading Manhole Uncovers, Locates.docx
19/04/2018
Location Services.docx
19/04/2018
Lock Maintenance.docx
12/09/2019
Logged Contract Events.docx
21/05/2020
M8 Testing.docx
4/07/2018
Maintaining Emergency Sawhorse.docx
12/09/2019
Management of ACM Packages.docx
19/04/2018
Management of Chlorine Solution.docx
4/07/2018
Manhole Fal Arrester Inspection and Maintenance.docx
19/04/2018
Manhole Locate, Expose, Raise.docx
19/04/2018
Manholes.docx
19/04/2018
Manifold Repair - Replace - Installation.docx
19/04/2018
Manual Col ection of Run Hours.docx
5/02/2021
Maritime Responsibilities.docx
30/08/2018
Mechanical Bolt Type Couplings for HDPE.docx
19/04/2018
Mobile Generator Operation.docx
25/09/2019
Noise Management.docx
21/04/2018
On Site Health and Safety Interactions.docx
9/07/2018
Operating a Hand Sickle.docx
14/05/2015
Operating a Weed Torch.docx
21/04/2018
Operating Mobile Plant Near Waters Edge.docx
14/07/2021
Operating Plant On or In Water.docx
26/04/2018
Operation of a High Pressure Cleaner.docx
26/04/2018
Operation of a Petrol Powered Line Trimmer.docx
26/04/2018
Operation of a Spider Remote Control ed Mower .pdf
16/08/2021
Operation of a Stihl MM 55 Edger.docx
26/04/2018
Operation of All-Terrain Vehicles (ATVs).docx
1/10/2022
Operation of an Outfront Mower.docx
27/04/2018
Operation of Trailers.docx
27/04/2018
Operation of Truck Mounted Cranes.docx
27/04/2018
Overflow Valve Clearing.docx
12/09/2019
Overhead Services - Working Near.docx
26/11/2018
Paint External.docx
12/09/2019
Paint Internal.docx
12/09/2019
Paving Operation.docx
27/04/2018
Permit To Work System.docx
6/09/2018
Pinhole Repairs (Service Lines).docx
27/04/2018
Pipe Bursting.docx
27/04/2018
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Pipe Capping.docx
27/04/2018
Pipe Laying - Water.docx
27/04/2018
Pipe Wrapping.docx
27/04/2018
Prepare Project Site Three Waters.docx
29/04/2018
Prevention of Contamination to Water Supply.docx
18/08/2020
Process of SWKCMP Through to Fbil on Contract 11/06/2020
Events.docx
Project Environmental Management.docx
29/04/2018
Pump Faults.docx
30/04/2018
Pump Performance Testing (Water Supply).docx
12/09/2019
Pump Performance Testing.docx
12/09/2019
Pump Station Inspection - 6 Monthly.docx
30/04/2018
Pump Station Inspection - Inspection leading to pump 30/04/2018
removal.docx
Pump Station Inspection - Monthly.docx
30/04/2018
Pump Station Inspection - Weekly.docx
30/04/2018
Quoted Work - Property.docx
13/02/2019
Raw Water Tank – Cleaning.docx
31/07/2019
Reactive Maintenance of Blocked Main.docx
30/04/2018
Removal and Replacement of a Valve or Hydrant.docx
30/04/2018
Repair - Replace Tapping Bands.docx
30/04/2018
Repair Hydrant or Valve.docx
30/04/2018
Repair Service Connection.docx
30/04/2018
Request for Bacteriological Testing.docx
4/07/2018
Reservoir Condition Assessment (Internal) and 12/09/2019
Clean.docx
Reservoir Sand Inspection.docx
12/09/2019
Reservoir Water Security Inspection.docx
12/09/2019
Safe Handling of Chemicals at CDC Water Treatment 20/07/2020
Plants.docx
Safe Handling of Chemicals at Treatment Plants.docx
4/07/2018
Sediment Control Management.docx
30/04/2018
Setting Up Levels for Pipework.docx
30/04/2018
Shoring - Timbering.docx
1/05/2018
Shutting off and Reinstating the Water Supply.docx
1/05/2018
Sign Maintenance.docx
12/09/2019
Smal Plant Workshop.docx
1/05/2018
Standard Methodology for Reactive and Drainage 1/05/2018
Maintenance.docx
Steam Cleaning - Water Blaster.docx
1/05/2018
Submersible Bore Pump Removal.docx
12/09/2019
Submersible
Pump
Inspection
and
Servicing 12/09/2019
(minor).docx
Surface Box Maintenance.docx
5/02/2021
Surface Pump Inspection.docx
12/09/2019
Temporary Chlorination Operations Manual - Pigeon 15/10/2019
Bay.docx
Testing Pipelines.docx
29/01/2018
Thermal Imaging.docx
12/09/2019
Toby Repairs.docx
1/05/2018
Toby Replacement.docx
1/05/2018
Treated Water Reservoir Inspection.docx
31/07/2019
Treated Water Reservoir Maintenance – Pigeon Bay.docx
21/08/2019
Trench Excavation.docx
2/05/2018
Trench Reinstatement.docx
2/05/2018
Tributary Maintenance.docx
30/08/2018
Under Pressure Tapping on Water Mains.docx
4/07/2018
Unplanned Emergency Water Shutoffs.docx
4/07/2018
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Utility Clashes and Tomo Detection.docx
2/05/2018
Valve or Hydrant Installation.docx
2/05/2018
Valve or Hydrant Replacement.docx
2/05/2018
Valve Shut Tagging and Recording.docx
21/03/2018
Water - Duplicate Events.docx
18/05/2020
Water Enhancements.docx
2/05/2018
Water Maintenance Workflow Management.docx
4/07/2018
Water Reservoir Lid Sealing.docx
4/07/2018
Water Sampling with 24 hours 3700 Portable
22/03/2021
Sampler (Lead).docx
Water Stops.docx
2/05/2018
Work Flow Management - Below Ground
9/12/2020
Wellheads.docx
Work Flow Management - Water Reservoir.docx
9/12/2020
Working in Hydro Excavated Trenches, Shafts,
2/05/2018
Pits.docx
Workplace Fatigue.docx
1/11/2018
6.6 Operational monitoring and inspection
The Citycare Contractor’s Plan (refer to section
6.4) outlines the operational monitoring and inspections for
the Council’s water supplies.
Citycare uses electronic check sheets to perform routine monitoring and inspections. The data is uploaded
into Citycare’s Event Manager and available to Council staff who have access to the system. Examples of
completed checksheets are available in the site specific water safety plans.
Event Manager is Citycare’s own management tool. Everyone in Citycare has access to Event Manager, it is
used to assign, manage all events and jobs. More information about Event Manager is available at
https://www.citycare.co.nz/capabilities/citycares-proprietary-technology-solution/. The Council has access
to certain parts of Citycare’s Event Manager. Standard operating procedures (SOPs) relating to Event Manager
are in TRIM
: 19/1074497.
DWSNZ and consent related sampling and monitoring data is stored in the WaterOutlook platform. All Water
Outlook data is accessible to Council staff, Citycare staff and contractors with responsibilities for drinking
water via password protected user accounts. User accounts can be limited to only the areas relevant to them.
Details of the sampling, monitoring and reporting required of Citycare are outlined in Contractors Plan. Water
take data, required by the Resource Management (Measurement and Reporting of Water Takes) Regulations
2010, is transferred automatically to Environment Canterbury and they receive an annual report.
Table 6.2 outlines the responsibilities of the respective organisations for water sampling and monitoring
sampling.
Table 6.2: Water sampling and monitoring responsibilities
Drinking Water DWSNZ CCC Laboratory staff sample plants per DWSNZ and resource
and Resource Consents
consents
Laboratory test and forward results to CCC and Citycare
Citycare prepare consent reports and notifications for CCC
CCC liaise with Environment Canterbury and Taumata Arowai
Process Monitoring
Citycare Water conduct additional sampling and monitoring as
required
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Maintenance Schedules
The Council has agreed levels of service with Citycare. To achieve these levels of service, Citycare have
developed rounds that address planned activities. The rounds are reviewed as required and performance
against the levels of service reviewed monthly as part of the performance appraisal for Citycare. Round
information is available in Citycare’s Event Manager. Schedules are generated in advance to enable them to
be reviewed if required. An example of rounds forward planning TRIM
: 19/1060232.
Operational set points
Information on operational set points is contained in the supply-specific water safety plans.
6.7 Operational reporting
Operational issues detected by network controllers through the network SCADA are addressed by
acknowledging the alarm fault and making changes to the network operations via SCADA or calling out the
maintenance contractor to investigate the fault, depending on the fault type.
Water quality reporting occurs between laboratory staff and staff in the Three Waters & Waste Unit. Reporting
of and response to contamination incidents is described in secti
on 2.5.1.
Water take consent related sampling, monitoring, and reporting is reported via the WaterOutlook platform
and transferred automatical y to Environment Canterbury.
6.8 Maintenance reporting
Reporting from Citycare Water to the Council occurs via multiple pathways. Formal reporting includes:
Monthly contract report
Monthly consent reporting
Sampling and testing reports from the Council laboratory
Incident reporting (health and safety and any transgression type issues)
Investigation reports (if required)
Monthly treatment operations meeting
Site specific alarms via SCADA
Joint audits by the Council Operational Delivery Leader Reticulation & Maintenance and the
Council, Team Leader Water and Wastewater Treatment
In addition, informal reporting is done via emails, phone conversations and joint site visits.
Maintenance activities are logged in Citycare Water’s Event Manager and the Council has access to certain
parts of this. Day to day activities are general y logged on the Treatment Plant Round electronic check sheets
(Banks Peninsula) or on the water supply rounds check sheets (Christchurch/Lyttelton). Operational issues
are generally reported by phone as soon as possible, followed by emails. If an incident occurs Citycare Water’s
Incident Reporting System is used, followed by investigations if required.
6.9 Critical control points
Control points whose functioning is essential for protecting the consumers from hazards are critical control
points (CCPs). Critical control points formalise control over water supply elements that provide important
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controls over hazards (contaminants). For a water supply element to be classifiable as a CCP, it needs to have
the following attributes:
a) at least one operational parameter that can be monitored to provide a check on the performance of the
supply element
b) at least one operational parameter that can be sampled, or read, frequently enough that suppliers can
make a timely response to prevent harm to consumers in the event of loss of control at that CCP
(monitoring should be continuous)
c) performance limits can be set to show when optimum control is lost and corrective action needed
d) corrective actions defined so that in the event of performance limits not being met the operator knows
how to respond to the situation
e) critical limits on the operational parameter(s) that if exceeded, because corrective actions have failed to
regain control and maintain safe water, signal the need to shut down the supply (and/or initiate
‘contingency plans’).
Figure 6.17 outlines a decision tree to help determine whether or not a water supply element can be classified
as a CCP.
Section 6.7 of the supply-specific water safety plans contain the critical control points for each supply.
Figure 6.17: Decision tree for identifying critical control points
6.10 Corrective actions
Corrective actions for parameters outside the normal operating ranges are outlined in the Critical Control
Point sections of the supply-specific water safety plans.
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7 Verification Monitoring Programme
The effectiveness of the water safety plan is determined by verification monitoring, which assesses the
drinking water quality at the point at which it is supplied to the consumer’s property. The assessment makes
use of water quality testing and consumer complaints. The latter provides an important source of information
about the aesthetic properties of the water.
Verification monitoring provides another check on the effectiveness of the preventive measures, although the
information it provides is retrospective.
7.1 Drinking water quality monitoring
The basis for assessing drinking-water quality in New Zealand is compliance with the Drinking-water
Standards for New Zealand (DWSNZ). The DWSNZ specify monitoring requirements which are dependent on
a water supply’s size and treatment characteristics.
The responsibility for drinking water compliance sits with the Council’s 3 Waters & Waste Quality &
Compliance Team. There is a Service Level Agreement in place between the Quality & Compliance Team and
the 3 Waters & Waste Laboratory Team which outlines roles and responsibilities with respect to drinking water
compliance sampling. The agreement details staff responsibilities for:
maintenance of the monitoring plan and the sampling schedule
sample collection
sample analysis
collation, recording, assessment and reporting of results
notification procedures for transgression events.
The agreement is updated at the beginning of each financial year. The FY 2020-21 version is stored in TRIM:
20/1046545.
Drinking water compliance sampling schedules are currently prepared using the Water Information New
Zealand system (WINZ). While it is acknowledged that WINZ has been replaced by Drinking Water Online for
the annual compliance survey process, Council staff felt that Drinking Water Online was not a reliable tool for
preparing comprehensive drinking water compliance sampling schedules. WINZ continues to be used. All
quarterly drinking water compliance sampling schedules are stored in TRIM folde
r: FOLDER09/2233.
The 3 Waters & Waste Laboratory uses the QLims software for sample reporting. Data is exported from QLims
and uploaded into Drinking Water Online for the annual drinking water compliance survey. With the change
in water supply regulator from the Ministry of Health to Taumata Arowai on 15th November 2021 Drinking-
Water On Line is no longer nationally used to assess drinking water compliance but will continue to be used
by CCC if on a month by month contract.
7.2 Drinking Water Compliance Monitoring
WaterOutlook is a cloud-based system for data management and reporting. WaterOutlook is operating within
approximately 60% of New Zealand local government and provides a high level of audit integrity. Council is
using WaterOutlook as a reporting tool aggregating together electronic (typical y SCADA) and manual data
streams for compliance reporting purposes. Detailed information on compliance monitoring is provided in
section 7 of the supply-specific water safety plans.
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7.3 Performance monitoring
Council sets levels of service to measure its performance through its annual and long-term plans.
Performance against these levels of service is reported in Council’s Annual Reports. These levels of service are
a component of Council’s short term evaluation of results, outlined in secti
on 7.5.
7.4 Consumer satisfaction
The Council has two methods of assessing consumer satisfaction: through the annual Residents General
Service Satisfaction survey and through customer service requests.
7.4.1 Customer satisfaction
The Residents General Service Satisfaction survey’s main focus is measurement of satisfaction with Council
services and facilities. This includes general services that most or all residents in the city use (e.g. water
supply, waste collection and roads). A representative sample of all residents aged 18 and over has been used
to obtain resident satisfaction levels and compare them with the corresponding Level of Service performance
measures and targets set out in the Long Term Plan. Residents are asked to rate their satisfaction with the
reliability, responsiveness and quality of Council’s water supply.
7.4.2 Customer Service Requests
Customer service requests deal with the more immediate and urgent consumer complaints relating to the
water supply. Consumers are able to notify the Council of water problems at any time via:
Council’s call centre. This is the Council’s main number and it is available in the White Pages or
on the Council’s website under ‘Contact Us’. There is also a free call number for the Banks
Peninsula area provided with the White Pages listing.
Online via the ‘report an issue’ form available on both the Council’s website homepage and
water supply webpage. On the homepage, customers can click the link report and are taken to
a page where they are asked what they want to report. ‘Water problem’ is the first option
available. This same page is also accessible from the ‘Water and Drainage’ menu webpage as
well as the ‘Water supply’ webpage as the first item available to customers.
Visiting one of the Council’s service centres during their open hours
The
Snap Send Solve smartphone app can be used by members of the public to report issues.
The app works by identifying the location the photo is taken using the phone's GPS data and
then sends an email to the Council from the user’s email address, including the incident type,
notes, address of incident, photo, and contact details. The reports are loaded into SAP Hybris
(Council’s customer service request platform) once received by the call centre and allocated to
the relevant Council department. This app is primarily used to report water leaks by consumers.
7.4.3 Complaints
The Council has established procedures for handling consumer complaints. Customer Services
representatives load the consumer enquiries and complaints into the Council’s SAP Hybris system. This
information is then received by the Team Leader Water Services to triage and action. As the Water Services
Team receives requests for service that are often time critical, the procedure for actioning and responding to
these requests has been outlined in the process document
Action Three Waters Customer Service Requests to
ensure consistency in the way complaints are dealt with.
In completing the form to send complaints or issues through to the Water Services Team, Customer Services
representatives are prompted to input information as comprehensive as the consumer can provide, including:
Name of caller
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Contact information (address and phone number)
Problem that is occurring and description
Priority - reviewed by staff in the 3 Waters and Waste unit once the job has come through Hybris
Follow-up action requested by customer making the complaint.
Customer complaints are recorded against the Council’s key performance indicators (KPIs) for water supply.
These are:
Pressure/low flow
Clarity
Odour
Taste.
7.5 Short-term evaluation of results
SAP Hybris reports have been developed make short-term evaluation of results available to a wider range of
3 Waters & Waste staff. While this information is currently only available to be viewed by staff with a Hybris
login, reports are available in TRIM
FOLDER09/2233 and accessible to all 3 Waters staff and updated monthly
for reporting. The information for the 2020-2021 financial year is in TRIM
20/1130306.
As described in section
1.1.5, the Council sets levels of service through its Long Term Plan and Annual Plan
process. For water supply this includes the mandatory non-financial performance measures required by the
Department of Internal Affairs for DWSNZ bacterial and protozoal compliance, leakage, fault response times
and customer complaints. In addition, there are levels of service for customer satisfaction, the volume of
water abstracted, compliance with resource consents and electricity consumption.
The Council’s levels of service for fault response time are reflective of the KPIs in the maintenance contract
with Citycare. For some jobs, this requires Citycare to respond to jobs within specified timeframes. For
example, water leaks in zone 1 have a 1 hour response time and a 2 hour response time in zone 2. Zone 1
covers Christchurch City and the Lyttelton Harbour Basin, zone 2 covers the Banks Peninsula area beyond the
Lyttelton Harbour Basin. Achievement against these KPIs is recorded in the job information and response
through the Hybris system.
Performance against the Council’s agreed levels of service in the Annual Plan are reported monthly via reports
provided through the Council’s PDP (Plan Develop Perform) system. This includes an explanation about any
levels of service that are at risk of not being met. This report is provided to the Council’s Finance and
Performance Committee. The agendas and minutes of these meetings are available on the Council’s
website16.
The Council’s Annual Report17 reports on performance against its levels of service, financial expenditure
against its budget, what work it has completed in the past year and what work it plans to undertake in the
next year.
This review of performance against levels of service is used to review those levels of service through the
Annual Plan and Long Term Plan process, including whether the budget required to meet those levels of
service is sufficient.
Water safety plan actions and associated issues and non-conformance are discussed at the bi-monthly Water
Supply Network Operations, Planning and Improvement Coordination meetings which are attended by staff
16 https://ccc.govt.nz/the-council/meetings-agendas-and-minutes
17 https://ccc.govt.nz/the-council/plans-strategies-policies-and-bylaws/plans/annualreport
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from Three Waters Network Operations, Asset Planning, Asset Management, Quality & Compliance and Water
& Wastewater Operations teams. These meetings scope is to:
identify issues with respect to potable water supply services – that needs to be resolved
through the planning and improvement processes,
obtain feedback on key planning and asset management activities which may impact the
delivery of a reliable and safe drinking water
provide a platform for joint decisions and recommendations in pursuit of faster and
improved resolutions
They also provide an opportunity to consider any incidents, operational procedures or risks that may need to
be addressed and updated in the water safety plans.
Bimonthly Three Waters & Waste reports provided to the Council’s Three Waters, Infrastructure and
Environment Committee include information on drinking water quality monitoring, DWSNZ compliance,
water safety plan compliance, information about ongoing capital works, and other operational matters. The
reports are prepared by Council staff and provide elected members the opportunity to evaluate and ask
questions regarding the performance of the water supply programme. The agendas and minutes of these
meetings are available on the Council’s website18.
18
https://ccc.govt.nz/the-council/meetings-agendas-and-minutes
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8 Management of Incidents and Emergencies
8.1 Previous incidents and emergencies
The review of previous incidents and emergencies assists with identifying the types of incidents and
emergencies that may occur, and the impact that they are likely to have on the water supply. Information on
previous incidents and emergencies is provided in section 8 of the supply-specific water safety plans.
8.2 Incident and emergency response plan
The Council has developed contingency plans to manage incidents and emergencies in relation to water
supply.
The Council’s standard procedures and contingency plans for water supply are in Promapp and are listed in
Table 8.1. They are stored in TRIM
: 20/1130688 an
d 19/456790 (index). These procedures are common across
all Council water supplies.
All procedures are currently being updated and transferred into Council’s process mapping system Promapp
(https://go.promapp.com/ccc). These processes and procedures are developed alongside and supplied to
contractors with responsibilities associated with the Council’s water supply network. The level of emergency
is determined for each event. Points are identified throughout the procedure mapping where escalation of
the event is considered taking into account the type of event, the magnitude, population affected and
estimated response time to remedy water supply issue. Relevant staff are automatically notified of updates
to procedures in Promapp.
Responses to incidents and emergencies are immediately triggered by notification of an event or service
disruption. Incident responses are primarily managed through the procedures contained in Promapp.
However, if the scale of the incident escalates, there are opportunities identified for increasing the level of
management and coordination required to respond.
Section
2.5.1 outlines the Promapp process for responding to a water quality incident (
Respond to Drinking
Water Contamination, Figure 2.7). This process includes a trigger process for assessment of an event to
determine whether it is ‘significant’ and needs to escalate to process
Respond to Significant (Unplanned) Event
(City Services). also includes an incident review with all parties involved in the response and a review of the
response process. Significant events are investigated as part of
. A Request a Boil Water Emergency Mobile Alert is incorporated into and
Inform Public about Water Contamination Event, outlining the requirements for using
the emergency mobile alert system.
For incidents and emergencies where there is significant impacts on water supply, treatment and distribution,
Business Continuity Plans have been developed to cover the staff roles and responsibilities to enable the
business to keep operating should key risks to the city’s water supply eventuate. The Business Continuity
Plans are designed to enable services to recover quickly post a disaster or major incident and enable the
restoration of essential services as quickly as possible. The decision making process for invoking Business
Continuity Plans is shown i
n Figure 8.1 and the business continuity procedures relevant to water supply are
listed i
n Table 8.1.
The Council’s Three Waters & Waste Unit uses these Business Continuity Plans as part of Civil Defence
exercises and have a training programme in place to regularly test elements of the units Business Continuity
Plan. A record of all exercises is taken with lessons learned and areas for improvement. These exercise reports
are stored in TRIM document management system (TRIM
: FOLDER09/2593 and
FOLDER13/205). Separate
folders are also created in TRIM for events. Recent examples of events the Council have been involved in
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include Flooding July 2017
(FOLDER16/2069), Tropical Cyclone Gita
(FOLDER17/5341), Port Hills Fire
(FOLDER16/120) and Coronavirus COVID-19
(FOLDER20/89).
The Council participates in regular Civil Defence exercises. Exercising procedures in the Three Waters & Waste
Business Continuity Plan are not be seen as replacing the need for Civil Defence and Emergency Management
exercises, rather they are complementary to such exercises. Some incidents covered in the Three Waters &
Waste Business Continuity Plan will not trigger a Civil Defence and Emergency Management response but
could have significant impact on the business. The emergency procedures relevant to this Water Safety Plan
are listed i
n Table 8.2 and the Business Continuity Plan is stored in TRIM
: 18/9624 an
d 18/67443 (index).
The Council has a training programme in place to test staff responses to incidents. The most recent training
on 9 and 16 July 2020 was focused on transgression training – responding to drinking water contamination.
Records relating to incident training are found in TRIM
: FOLDER20/894.
The communication of, and training in Business Continuity Procedures is an essential part of improving
business resilience and improving the recovery of an organisation post disaster or major incident. To this end
all key stakeholders in these procedures are regularly drilled in their operation and the procedures are
reviewed annually and tuned to recognise changes in:
Levels of service
Changes in assets and procedures in 3 Waters or other Council Units interrelated with 3 Waters
Personnel
Legislation
Lessons learned from exercises, actual incidents and disasters.
Potential incidents and emergencies and the existing preventative measures to address them are identified
in secti
on 3.4 (plausible combinations of hazards) of the supply-specific water safety plans.
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Receive notification of an
event / service disruption
Are
employees or
visitors in
YES
Follow emergency
procedures
immediate
danger?
Management Response Team
Assess:
·
Duration of disruption
·
Scale of impact
NO
·
Impact on Community, Staff,
Facilities, Infrastructure, ICT
Assets, & Suppliers
·
Safety, Wellbeing, &
Could
Practical implications for
event impact
Invoke
Staff (can work continue?)
on LoS
Coordinated
·
Extent of disruption to
delivery
YES
Management
essential LoS
And / Or
Response Plan
·
Regulatory Responsibilities
community?
·
Potential financial loss
·
Potential reputational
damage
Determine
·
Appropriate level of
response and recovery
coordination
Invoke
YES
NO
Corporate BCP
Corporate Recovery Team:
·
Monitor and support
recovery strategies
·
Initiate Communications
strategy
AND
·
Ensure corporate support
/
enablers (HR, IT,
Transactions, Facilities, etc)
OR
to support essential service
delivery.
·
Manage stakeholders
Monitor &
Monitor
Confirm:
Manage
Situation
·
Leadership
·
Appropriate level of
Situation
recovery coordination
·
Timeframe for transition to
business resumption /
business as usual.
YES
Local / Site Disruption:
·
Notify key stakeholders
Invoke
Ensure
Does
Response
Business Unit
·
staff safety, wellbeing and
event
Required?
BCPs
availability
Escalate?
·
essential service delivery
·
security of location &
information
·
Asset protection
Identify and manage
·
response and recovery
NO
priorities
Assess impact:
NO
·
people, facilities, systems,
information, suppliers
Compile Situation Report
Team Leader / Unit Manager
·
Recommend higher level of
coordination if event
escalates
Stand Down
Debrief
Figure 8.1: Decision-making process for invoking Business Continuity Plan(s)
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8.3 Index of procedural documents
Table 8.1: Procedural Documents and Reference Links
Procedure
Respond to Significant (unplanned) Event (City Services)
Review, Update and Notify Changes to Renal Dialysis List
Undertake Flow Test
Manage Major Loss of Water Supply
Emergency Response to Burst Pipes
Undertake Planned Backflow Assessments
Inform Public about Water Contamination
Implement Water Supply Restrictions for Christchurch City
Implement Water Supply Restrictions for Banks Peninsula
Manage Burst Water Main or Leak on Private Property
Create Repair Requests for Residential Water Meters
Create Vegetation/Foliage Letter for Residential Water Meters
Manage Planned Water Shut Off
Respond to Drinking Water Contamination
Process New Water Connection Application (Service Centre)
Manage Hydrant Standpipe Compliance, Restrictor & Water Meter Tampering
Undertake Unplanned Emergency Water Supply Shut Off
Process Significant Damage Claim
Generate Significant Damage Summary Report
Ensure Compliance of Drinking Water Sampling
Action a new standard water connection (non-consent)
Create Water Meter Equipment Number
Replace Water Meter in SAP
Decommission Water Meter in SAP
Process Ended Parcel of Land for Water Meters
Bring Below Ground Well Head Back Online - unplanned
Process Network Operations Permit To Work Request
Respond to Security Alarm at Potable Water Supply Site
Respond to Alarm indicating Potential Flooding of Station
Monitor Access to Council Water, Stormwater & Wastewater Stations
Raise Alert re: Test Showing Drinking Water Contamination
Assess Risk of Drinking water Contamination
Replacement of a Suspected Seized Water Meter
Manage water leaks on private property
Manage water supply leaks on multiple private properties
Alignment of water meters to properties
Requesting Invoice for Monthly Claim of Hydrant Standpipe Contract
Pump Station Power Outage
Fuel spill
Determine Enforcement Action Required
Plan acceptance prior to construction for 3 Waters
Request a Boil Water Emergency Mobile Alert#
Note: Not al processes have been reviewed and finalised; ongoing reviews and updates will take place at
scheduled 2 yearly intervals or after a major incident.
#
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Table 8.2: Three Waters and Waste business continuity procedures related to water supply
Section
Procedure
Storm
SCADA and/or Telemetry Failure (3 Waters)
Water and
Major Power Failure (3 Waters and >4 hours)
Land
Loss of Manpower (3 Waters Pandemic, Lack of Market Resource
Drainage
etc.)
Aquifer Contamination
Medium to Long Term Degradation of Aquifers
Water
Physical Terrorist Attack on Assets (3 Waters)
Supply and
Cyber Attack on 3 Waters PLC, SCADA and IT Systems
Treatment
Earthquake (3 Waters)
Activity
Water Demand exceeds Consent Water Take
Water Supply Treatment Plant Process Failure
Note: Not al processes have been finalised as part of the Council’s ongoing reviews and updates.
8.4 Levels of emergency
To ensure there is a consistent understanding of the hazard threat level, emergency level descriptors have
been developed to define and assign a level of emergency to each type of possible incident/emergency (see
Table 8.3: Consequence Rating Scale Applied to Hazardous Events, which integrates the levels of emergency
in with the risk level responses). The emergency level descriptors are incorporated into the Promapp
procedural documents to assist staff to determine the range of emergency levels that may apply, which will
depend on the specific event.
Internal training is being undertaken to ensure that all staff are immediately aware of the seriousness of an
incident /emergency situation and the response required.
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9 Documenting and Reporting
9.1 Management of documentation and records
As a local government organisation the Council is subject to the requirements of the Public Records Act 2005,
so adherence to this policy by all Council staff and functions is mandatory. The Council must maintain full and
accurate records of its affairs, and these records must be accessible for subsequent reference until their
disposal is authorised. External contractors, consultants and service providers creating and processing
information on behalf of the Council must adhere to the Council's records management policy and associated
procedures also. The Council’s Records Management Policy is found in TRIM
17/991692.
The Council uses the TRIM (Content Manager) system as its primary document management system. Each
water supply asset and facility has its own functional location where relevant documents and information is
stored in accordance with the Council’s records and document management policy. TRIM uses a three level
structure to manage and store documents
(Figure 9.1). Documents in TRIM are stored in classifications based
on Council functions rather than Council units, teams or locations
(Figure 9.2). Version control boxes are
included at the start of key documents, such as water safety plans.
Figure 9.1: TRIM Three level structure
Figure 9.2: TRIM classifications for water supply
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Physical asset information is kept in the asset register, which is stored in SAP. Asset management is
undertaken to ensure alignment with ISO55000:2014 Asset Management – Overview, Principles and
Terminology.
A register of key documents relating to Three Waters & Waste assets is found in TR
IM 19/1306436. The register
also includes information on responsibilities around the update of the documents.
Water supply related processes and procedures are stored in Promapp (refer to
Table 8.1 an
d Table 8.2). Each
water supply process is documented in Promapp with a process owner/author and a review date which
ensures that the processes are reviewed regularly and by a knowledgeable member of staff. Reviews of the
water supply related processes and procedures in Promapp can also be triggered by an incident requiring the
use of a Promapp procedure, changes in information or legislation, or a change of process owner/author.
Drinking water quality is stored in the 3 Waters & Waste Laboratory data management software QLims. The
laboratory is IANZ accredited and meets all requirements with respect to maintaining the chain of custody for
all drinking water samples.
Operational data is stored in SCADA and WaterOutlook. Various reports and dashboards have been created in
WaterOutlook and are shared across the organisation.
Citycare has its own document management system and information about this is available in TRIM
20/1128679.
Secti
on 1.4 describes the Quality Management System that Council intends to develop and implement for its
drinking water supply processes. This system will ensure that documentation pertinent to all aspects of
drinking-water management is developed, maintained and made available to all employees, and that
mechanisms are in place to ensure employees read, understand and adhere to documentation procedures.
9.2 Reporting
Reporting takes place at various frequencies and levels of detail both internally and externally.
Table 9.1
summarises both internal and external reporting requirements in relation to water safety and supply. In
addition to the reports outlined in the table, various dashboards and reports have been set up in
WaterOutlook that allow quick access to summarised and trend data. WaterOutlook provides functionality
that allows any entered data to be extracted into an ad-hoc report, presented in Excel format.
In addition to formal reporting, there is regular reporting between Citycare and the Council. For Banks
Peninsula, there are daily conversations between the Council’s Reticulation & Maintenance Operational
Delivery Leader and either Council’s Team Leader, Water and Wastewater Treatment or Pump and Storage
Supervisor to discuss the weather forecast and ensure that the appropriate preparations and preventative
measures are in place where heavy rain is forecast. There are also monthly meetings with Council’s
Reticulation & Maintenance Operational Delivery Leader and Council’s Team Leader, Water and Wastewater
Treatment and Pump and Storage Supervisor to discuss plant conditions/issues or any outstanding repairs,
and senior management meetings on the overarching aspects of the maintenance contract.
For Christchurch/Lyttelton, there is regular reporting between Citycare, and the Council with twice weekly
meetings with the Council’s Team Leader Water and Wastewater Operations and Citycare’s Maintenance
Manager to discuss plant conditions/alarms or any outstanding repairs. There are also monthly meetings the
Council’s Team Leader Water and Wastewater Operations and Citycare’s Maintenance Manager to discuss key
performance indicators and contract management.
Reports and associated documents are stored in TRIM and shared with relevant stakeholders and staff by the
report authors, team leaders, or management.
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Table 9.1: Internal and external reporting requirements
Internal reports
Report name Recipient
Purpose
Frequency
Responsibility
Three Waters & Three Waters
Provides information on drinking
Bimonthly
3 Waters staff,
Waste reports
Infrastructure
water quality monitoring and
presented by
and Environment compliance, ongoing capital works
Head of 3 Waters
Committee
and other operational matters.
& Waste
Levels of
Council
Monitors achievement against within
Monthly
3 Waters staff
Service and
Council’s PDP (Plan Develop Perform)
KPI’s
system
Water supply
Audit and Risk
Monitors performance and
Quarterly
Head of 3 Waters
programme
Management
compliance
& Waste
report
Committee
Council
Executive
Prepared by staff when issues arise
As required or
Various 3 Waters
Briefings/
Leadership Team that require council ors and/or ELT to requested
& Waste staff
Decision/
(ELT) and/or
be briefed or make a decision. Report
(issue
Information
Council ors
templates ensure Council are briefed
dependent)
Reports
on issues such as risk, legal
obligations, financial considerations,
other options.
External reports Report name Recipient
Purpose
Frequency
Responsibility
Annual Drinking Ministry of Health Council contributes information
Annual /
Water Supply
Water Survey
/ Taumata Arowai annual y for these reports on
monthly (draft
Security
(in Drinking
focussed on bacteriological,
ruel)
Specialist
Water Online)1
protozoal and chemical compliance
with DWSNZ, the status of water
safety plans, and meeting legislative
requirements.
Resource
Environment
Compliance with resource consents
Annual
Resource
consent
Canterbury
and to comply with the National
Consent
compliance
Environmental Standard - Resource
Compliance
reports
Management (Measurement and
Coordinator
Reporting of Water Takes) Regulation
2010
National
Water NZ
Performance comparison of drinking
Annual
Resource
Performance
water, wastewater and stormwater
Consent
Review
service provision in New Zealand.
Compliance
Council provides information on
Coordinator
drinking water, wastewater and
stormwater services.
Annual Plan,
Consumers
Plans and reports on strategic
As produced
Council
Long Term
planning and budgets to assist public
Secretaries
Plan, Council
understanding of where ratepayer
meeting
money is being spent and what the
reports and
critical projects are for the district.
minutes
Transgression
Taumata Arowai
Provides record of investigation into
Fol owing water 3 Waters & Waste
Incident /
transgression cause, corrective action quality failure
staff involved in
reports
and recommendations to prevent
the response
reoccurrence.
This will be updated once reporting requirements to Taumata Arowai are clarified
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10 Investigations
10.1 Investigative studies
Through the Promapp incident and emergency procedures, situations that may result in the need for an
investigation are identified. The procedures for activating, planning and carrying out investigations of
instances of unsatisfactory performance of the drinking-water supply are also recorded in these incident
response processes.
Bimonthly reports to the Council’s Three Waters, Infrastructure and Environment Committee inform the
Committee of the results of any investigations that may have occurred.
In addition to problem-targeted investigations, the Councils is constantly investigating opportunities to
improve drinking water supply and distribution. The purpose of these strategic investigations is primarily to
improve safety and reliability of supply and to provide reliable information to assist with long-term planning,
such as new technologies or modelling of water availability and demand.
Planned investigations for each water supply are identified in the supply-specific water safety plans.
Investigations can also be initiated by customer complaints. Customer complaints are loaded into the
Council’s Hybris system by Customer Services representatives to be triaged and actioned by the Team Leader
Water Services. All complaints are investigated with the outcome and actions taken recorded once a job is
resolved. As these complaints have address identifiers, if there is a geographical cluster of complaints, a wider
investigation is undertaken. The outcomes of these investigations are reported on in the bimonthly 3 Waters
& Waste report to the Council’s Three Waters, Infrastructure and Environment Committee.
10.2 Validation of equipment, processes and practice
Validation collects evidence to establish that preventive measures are capable of performing at the expected
level. The regular re-validation of procedures, treatment processes and associated controls (e.g. shutdown
mechanisms or return to service after cleaning etc) ensures their effective operation and adequate control,
especially if a process or component has been physically changed or an operational setting changed.
Validation processes are summarised in the supply specific water safety plans.
Validation of equipment is being undertaken by Citycare Water under the maintenance contract. The
contractor’s plan includes standard operating procedures (SOPs) where required. For the Banks Peninsula
Water treatment plants validation of equipment is undertaken by Council.
The Council has a general methodology agreement with Environment Canterbury for the Council’s water
takes (TRIM
14/664240). This agreement covers compliance with Water Takes Regulations and includes
guidance on meters to be used, where they are to be fitted and verification methodology requirements. While
there is a five yearly re-verification process, there is an expectation that the Council will use its real-time
continuous monitoring to identify conditions that will affect flow meter measurement accuracies and address
them at the time. An annual water take summary report is also required to be produced with supporting
compliance data for each bore owned and operated for public water supply. These reports are found in TRIM
FOLDER10/38.
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11 Oversight, Review and Continual Improvement
11.1 Long-term evaluation of results
The Council’s long-term evaluation of results is focused on water quality monitoring and system performance.
The long-term evaluation of results is the responsibility of the Three Waters & Waste Quality & Compliance
team and is undertaken annually through a number of different reports.
The conditions of the Council’s water take consents for drinking water supplies requires the Council to report
annually on water usage.
The Council monitors and reviews its performance against its levels of service. The levels of service have
remained reasonably consistent for water supply and reports are available for the 2006/2007 financial year
onwards as the Banks Peninsula District Council and Christchurch City Council amalgamated in March 2006.
Annual reports identify areas needing immediate attention with a full review every three years as part of the
Long Term Plan process contributes to the funding and development of the water supply network over a ten
year period.
The Council records information relating to DWSNZ compliance and transgression information and has
provided it annually for the Ministry of Health’s annual report on drinking water quality. Information on the
Christchurch water supply network can be evaluated from the Annual Review of Drinking water Quality in New
Zealand 2006/2007 onwards.
The Council uses the Water New Zealand National Performance Review as a benchmark to evaluate its
performance against other similarly sized councils in New Zealand. The Council has been involved in this
annual national performance review since the 2007/2008 report.
The Council also has long-term monitoring of leakage rates across the distribution network. As wel as
providing an ongoing indication of the condition of the distribution network. Monitoring leakage is also used
to identify if there is water that cannot be accounted for, indicating an illegal take or connection that can be
investigated.
The long-term evaluation of results may necessitate changes to the water safety plan if emerging issues
constitute previously unidentified risks. This is undertaken as part of the annual internal water safety plan
review process. The water safety plan is resubmitted to Taumata Arowai when any significant changes have
occurred. Where any uncertainty exists regarding the significance of changes, Taumata Arowai wil be
consulted to determine whether the water safety plan needs to be re-submitted.
Section 17A of the Local Government Act 2002 requires the Council carry out service delivery reviews. These
reviews are a method of determining whether the existing means for delivering a service remain the most
efficient, effective and appropriate means for delivering that service. The first review for three waters was
carried out in 2017 and another was completed in 2020. Reviews are required to be carried out no later than
six years following the last review.
11.2 Audit of drinking water quality management
The water safety plan is reviewed annually to make certain that it is effectively encouraging improvements to
the water supply operations and management. Responsibility for driving the review process lies with the
Three Waters & Waste Quality & Compliance Team.
The Water Safety Plan programme control group will meet monthly to discuss or follow up any water safety
plan actions or resolve issues of non-conformance. This group is also responsible for undertaking the annual
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and five year reviews and updates of the water safety plan. Both the annual and five yearly review process
involve:
1) Checking that reporting lines, roles and responsibilities are still up to date and in place.
2) Reviewing the day to day operation of the water supply by:
a) reviewing the incident record or log book for each water supply and learning lessons from the incident
b) checking whether any problems have been found during the regular checks and maintenance
schedules.
3) Determining if satisfactory progress has been made against the improvement plan.
4) Addressing any new or reduced risks arising from modification, additions or changes made to the supply
since the last water safety plan was completed.
5) Compliance with DWSNZ.
In order to facilitate an efficient internal audit process a checklist has been developed (se
e Appendix A).
As part of the Council’s operational and risk management process, there are regular reviews of our processes,
performance and priorities throughout the year, which form an element of continual management auditing
over our key risks. These reviews include:
A six-monthly review of the processes and procedures (captured in ProMapp). The Reticulation &
Maintenance Operational Delivery Leader (Banks Peninsula),the Team Leader Water and Wastewater
treatment and Reticulation & Maintenance contract supervisors (Christchurch/Lyttelton) review the
processes and procedures related to water contamination response procedure, testing water supply
catchments and wells and ensuring reporting systems are in place to report any results over set limits
for response to confirm the water safety plans are being used and kept up to date covering specific
risks to the water supply zones. The Water & Wastewater Operations team reviews the processes and
procedures relating to monitoring of chlorine levels and chlorine dosing procedures, the response by
contractors to alarms, lab water sampling and reporting and evidence of contractor competency
training.
Assessment of the data from SCADA is undertaken on a daily basis and WaterOutlook is reviewed
regularly by the BP Operations Team members If issues are identified, further assessment is
undertaken to determine the options to resolve the issue.
The Manager Service Excellence 3 Waters & Waste and the Banks Peninsulaa Water and Waste water
Ops Team Leader, Team leader Water and Wastewater Treatment and Reticulation & Maintenance
contract supervisors (Christchurch/Lyttelton) undertake monthly reviews to ensure Contractors and
staff in the field are actively managing and monitoring operations of the network assets with required
response plans in place for potential events. The review audits the monthly report provided in
WaterOutlook against designated work schedules and against monitoring and maintenance
checklists. Work undertaken, such as recalibration of equipment is recorded in the reports with dates
and feedback on the work done by individual staff.
The Team Leader Water & Wastewater Operations proactively monitors any failure in core services so
that the Council can identify at risk assets and notify the Asset Management team for potential
inclusion in the reactive or proactive renewal programme. Citycare provides pipe samples and
failure/condition codes from failures to assist with this. Pipe samples are analysed by the WSP
Material Testing and Analysis laboratory and the results are used to inform the renewals programme.
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There are six monthly reviews to confirm that the Council rules regarding the "chain of cleanliness" in
Construction Standard Specification and Approved Water Supply installer specifications are being
adhered to by all contractors and authorised water supply installers. The report also includes auditing
of chain of cleanliness by the contracts engineers in the Technical Services & Design team and Water
& Wastewater Operations team are up to date and that only approved water supply installers are
working on the Council’s water supply.
Manager Operations undertakes a six monthly review of water treatment plants to ensure they are
operating in accordance with DWSNZ requirements. The report also covers maintaining and auditing
existing Water Safety Plans and undertaking drinking water quality monitoring in line with DWSNZ.
Asset Management Plans are reviewed every three years to ensure they are up to date and renewal
programmes are based on the best available data and information so that work is prioritised to the
most critical assets.
The Business Continuity Plan for Three Waters & Waste is reviewed annually.
The outcome of these reviews are provided to the Head of Three Waters & Waste, the General Manager – City
Services and/or the Chief Executive as appropriate. Information is also provided in the bimonthly report to
the Three Waters, Infrastructure and Environment Committee.
11.3 External audit of drinking water quality management
Water safety plans
The Drinking Water Assessor, until late 2021, had carried out three yearly implementation audits to ensure
that water suppliers operate their water supplies in accordance with the water safety plans. Where non-
conformances were identified by the Drinking Water Assessor, the water supplier was required to put in place
an action plan to mitigate the non-conformances. The findings of the most recent audit undertaken on 10
December 2018 is stored in TRIM
19/63869. All non-conformances have been addressed. Details of
implementation audits, non-conformances and recommendations are captured in TR
IM 14/629039.
The Council has a register in place for non-conformances and their associated corrective actions and actively
works through the issues. Staff work through the action plan to address each of the non-conformances in
accordance with the timeframes agreed with the Drinking Water Assessor. Staff also report on the water safety
plans to the Audit and Risk Management Committee annually, and on the status and detailed progress against
the action plans, to address any non-conformances, to the Three Waters, Infrastructure and Environment
Committee as part of the bimonthly report on the Three Waters & Waste services.
Water testing accreditation
Water testing to ensure compliance with the DWSNZ is undertaken by the Council’s laboratory staff. The staff
training, processes and equipment for water sampling and analysis undertaken by the Council’s Laboratory
undertakes regular external audits as it is IANZ accredited. To maintain its accreditation, there are ongoing
scheduled reassessment visits. These visits ensure that the technical and quality systems continue to meet
the criteria for accreditation and continue to work effectively.
Full technical (routine) reassessments are usual y carried out at three yearly intervals. These reassessments
are similar to initial assessments for accreditation and ensure organisations are properly equipped and able
to demonstrate their competence on an ongoing basis. Surveillance visits, to confirm that the management
systems are continuing to operate effectively and meeting accreditation criteria, are carried out annually
between the full technical reassessments.
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Contractor audit
For Banks Peninsula, the Reticulation & Maintenance Operational Delivery Leader undertakes an audit of
Citycare’s maintenance of network reservoirs, pump stations and reticulation work approximately every six
months. These audits are undertaken with Citycare’s Pump and Storage Manager.
For Christchurch/Lyttelton, an audit of Citycare’s maintenance of reservoirs, pump stations and water
treatment plants is undertaken by the Work Maintenance Supervisor/Auditor approximately every six months.
This audits are undertaken with the Maintenance Manager from Citycare.
As part of these audits, the treatment plants are inspected and an audit check sheet is completed. The audits
include checking both Council’s and Citycare's Rounds records, Health and Safety and HSNO records and
grounds maintenance. Water Outlook reports for Water Treatment Plants can be downloaded to check for
compliance. As part of the audit process the site condition and accuracy of records is assessed. Follow up
audits are undertaken if there are issues identified in the initial assessment
Quarterly drinking-water compliance meetings
Until late 2021 quarterly compliance meetings took place between the Council and the Drinking Water
Assessor. The purpose of these meetings was to assess progress against the DWSNZ compliance requirements
for all plants and zones and compliance with the Health Act. Feedback from the meetings was used to
implement improvements, which, depending on the nature of the improvements, may also be documented
in the water safety plan.
Internal quarterly compliance meetings have continued to be ran by the Quality and Compliance team. These
involve a review of the monitoring data, Wateroutlook reports, compliance supporting activities and any
events that have occurred during the quarter. Internal compliance reports are prepared and submitted to
senior Three Waters management and a memo prepared to inform senior leadership at CCC. These document
are stored in TRIM
Folder09/2282.
11.4 Review by senior leadership
The water supply system performance is continually reviewed.
The Water Supply Security Programme Steering Group meets fortnightly. Representation on this programme
steering group includes the Head of Three Waters & Waste, Programme Manager – Water Reform, Manager
Planning and Delivery, as well as staff from Three Waters & Waste, Legal Services, Office of Chief Executive,
Communications and Finance.
The purpose of these meetings is to review progress on water safety improvements and water safety plans.
Agendas are prepared for these meetings and actions noted. Minutes of these meetings are recorded and filed
in TRIM
FOLDER19/1022 (Water Supply Security – Programme Management).
In addition to the programme steering group, reports on the water safety plan status are provided to the Audit
and Risk Management Committee and there are bimonthly Three Waters & Waste reports provided to the
Three Waters, Infrastructure and Environment Committee. These reports are prepared by Council staff and
provide elected members on committees the opportunity to evaluate and ask questions regarding the
performance of the water supply programme.
Amendments to the Water Safety Plan
Full reviews of the Water Safety Plan are reviewed and signed off by the Head of Three Waters, the General
Manager – Infrastructure Planning and Regulatory Services and the Chief Executive. Where there are minor
amendments made to the Water Safety Plan, these amendments wil be signed off by the Head of Three
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Waters. All revisions and sign offs are recorded in the Version Control and Approvals section of the Water
Safety Plan.
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Appendix A
Internal Water Safety Plan Review
Checklist
Area
Check
Action required
Action By
Date
• Have roles or responsibilities changed in
the last 12 months?
Management
• Have personnel changed in the last 12
months?
• Are al new staff aware of the water safety
plan?
Training
• Are al new staff adequately trained for
their job role and aware of public health
risks?
• Have key water supply documents been
WSP Document
updated in the last 12 months?
Maintenance
• Do all staff and operators have the latest
version of the water safety plan?
• Have there been any incidents affecting the
water supply in the last 12 months?
• What actions were taken to remedy the
Tracking Incidents and
incident?
Improvements
• Was the action taken effective?
• Have the improvements/ preventive
measures identified in the water safety plan
been actioned?
• Have the ‘what to check’ and ‘corrective
Tracking Operational
actions’ (Operational Procedures) identified
Procedures
in the water safety plan been added to the
appropriate manual or operational contract?
• Has the risk register been updated in line
Assessing
with completed improvements (upgraded
and new assets) and operational changes?
• Has the water supply been assessed for
new risks?
Risks
• Have these risks been recorded in the
water safety plan risk register?
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Appendix B
SCADA System Screenshots
SCADA Network Control – Potable Water Supply (Primary) Stations
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SCADA Network Control – Potable Water operations primary window zones
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SCADA Network Control – Potable Water Supply Secondary (Lift) Stations and Reservoirs
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SCADA Network Control – Potable Water Supply Secondary (Lift) Stations and Reservoirs
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SCADA Network Control – Banks Peninsula operations window includes pumps supplying to the Lyttelton Harbour Basin
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Example of SCADA Network Control Data Visibility – Secondary supply zone reservoirs
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Example of SCADA Network Control Data Visibility – Gardiners Primary Pump Station with 2 Wells and suction tank (Northwest Zone)
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Example of SCADA Network Control Data Visibility – Tara Primary Pump Station with 1 Well (Riccarton Zone)
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Example of SCADA Network Control Data Visibility – Huntsbury 3 Reservoir and Lift Station
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SCADA Network Control – Potable Water Supply Banks Peninsula Stations
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