From:
Susan Shaw
To:
Donaldson, Matt
Cc:
Juriss, Chris ; Rob Deakin
Subject:
RE: Key datasets for resilience and climate change
Date:
Tuesday, 1 October 2019 3:57:00 PM
Attachments:
image001.png
Metadata Content Guidance.docx
Hi Matt
Thanks for sending the licence so quickly, and I’ll follow up with NZ Open Government Data team
next.
Thanks also for being open to updating the metadata.  Attached is the draft metadata content
guidance prepared by Rob Deakin (cced).  This reference document may help give your
committee members some assurance about why we are asking for the metadata to be updated.
ACT
I double checked the geographic extent, and note that the example provided in the guidelines is
for NZ Property Titles which does included the Chathams, but what I had not realised is that it
doesn’t cover all of Fiordland as there is no property title for this area.
Here’s a revised geographic extent, which covers mainland New Zealand, Stewart Island and the
Chathams.
166.426401, -176.128804, -47.289604, -34.129705
Thanks,  Susan
INFORMATION
From: Donaldson, Matt <[email address]>
Sent: Tuesday, 1 October 2019 11:30 AM
To: Susan Shaw <[email address]>
Cc: Juriss, Chris <[email address]>
RELEASED UNDER
Subject: RE: Key datasets for resilience and climate change
Hi Susan
Attached is the latest DLA we use for licensing NZL.
Also attached is the metadata file we include in our quarterly deliveries. Agree we should add the
extent and purpose as you suggest. Assume that extent includes Chatham Islands?
THE OFFICIAL
I can add this as a proposal to the committee members. We are due to meet later this month.
Cheers
Matt
From: Susan Shaw <[email address]>
Sent: Tuesday, 1 October 2019 9:58 AM

To: Donaldson, Matt <[email address]>
Cc: Juriss, Chris <[email address]>
Subject: Key datasets for resilience and climate change

Hi Matt

Just checking in with you about receiving a copy of your existing licence for the suburbs data.

Also I meant to mention this yesterday, as I noted we have the potential to achieve a quick win if
we were to add a geographic extent and purpose to your metadata for suburbs.

The geographic extent is the four coordinates of a bounding box
An example of geographic extent for a LINZ national dataset which you could reuse is :

166.688755883, -175.833301833,
ACT
-47.2899925167, -34.12963565

For purpose we could reuse the text agreed for the OIA response
“Fire and Emergency New Zealand maintains the New Zealand Localities Dataset (NZ
Localities) principally for its own operational purposes, to mitigate the risk that emergency
responses are despatched to inaccurate locations (and the consequent delay in that response
arriving at the location that it is required).
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The development and maintenance of NZ Localities is consistent with Fire and Emergency
New Zealand’s principal objectives and main functions.  These are set out in sections 10
and 11 of the Fire and Emergency New Zealand Act 2017, and include the following
to provide fire response and fire suppression services;
INFORMATION
to rescue persons who are trapped as a result of incidents;
to protect and preserve life;
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to prevent or limit injury; and
to prevent or limit damage to property and land.”

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Do you think this might be achievable?

Thanks,  Susan

THE
Susan Shaw
Senior Resilience Advisor
E  [email address]  | Mobile 027 7776222

Wellington Office, Level 7, Radio New Zealand House, 155 The Terrace
PO Box 5501, Wellington 6145, New Zealand | T 04 460 0110
W  www.linz.govt.nz | data.linz.govt.nz

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ACT
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INFORMATION
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Metadata Content Guidance
For key resilience and climate change datasets ACT

Objective ID: A3614757

Location Information
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7 May, 2019

INFORMATION
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www.linz.govt.nz

Note: delete this page if you do not require these tables

Acceptance
Role
Name
Signed
Date

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Revision History
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Date
Version Revision Author
Description
15/5/2019
0.1

R Deakin
1st draft
INFORMATION

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THE

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link to page 7 link to page 7 link to page 9 link to page 9 link to page 9 link to page 10 link to page 10 link to page 11 link to page 28

Introduction
Metadata is “data that describes data”. It is most commonly used to help
make data discoverable, usable and understandable. It can also be used
as a tool to help manage datasets throughout their lifecycle: from design,
through ongoing management and maintenance, to retirement and
archiving.
This document provides guidance on to dataset managers for put in place the minimum
amount of metadata to enable potential users to:
•  discover key datasets,
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•  assess their fitness-for-purpose, and
•  have confidence that the data is being used or analyzed appropriately.
It is aimed specifically at lead agencies that have data improvement plans in place for
key resilience and climate change datasets identified by LINZ, as part of LINZ’s Resilience
and Climate Change work programme.
It provides guidance specifically on what items of metadata (metadata elements) should
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be recorded as a minimum requirement to allow potential users to assess the fitness-for-
purpose for their particular uses. Achievement of this minimum requirement is used as
assessment measure and target in creating the improvement plan.
For fuller introductions to, and explanations of, metadata and its use there are already
numerous resources available on-line that provide this. Some of these are listed in the
final section of this document, and we recommend reviewing these, particularly those
that relate to the ISO 19115 suite of metadata standards for geographic information.
INFORMATION
What is metadata?
Within the context of data and information management, metadata is often used to
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document and describe resources that contain or provide access to data, such as dataset
or web-services.
Different domains, such as medicine, education, publishing and statistics have developed
specific formats for the ways in which they describe data and information resources.
Perhaps the most widely known systems are library catalogue systems, where each
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resource is tagged with information that tells the would-be user about its:
•  title
•  subject
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•  author
•  publisher
•  publication date
•  edition number

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•  ISBN number (unique ID)
•  where it can be found
All of this information is provided as a summary, a metadata record, to anyone who may
be interested in tracking down a particular publication, or books on a particular topic, or
works by a specific author published between set dates.
For geographic datasets, we have an interest in knowing similar things. If we wanted to
discover whether there was building outline dataset available for Christchurch, it would
be useful if we could search a single data catalogue to find it.
Approaches could be to search by:
•  title
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•  subject
•  the source organisation
•  the spatial extent (area of interest)
If were identified one or more datasets of interest, we would want to find out whether
they were fit-for-purpose for our particular use. To do this we may want to know:
•  Why the data was originally captured?
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•  What organisation created the data?
•  How was the data captured?
•  When was it captured?
•  When was it published?
INFORMATION
•  How often is updated?
•  Is it a complete record covering the whole of Christchurch?
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•  How accurate is the data?
•  Does the dataset include particular fields we are interested in? (e.g. building use,
value, age, construction type, ownership.)
•  Are their licensing restrictions on how the data can be used?
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•  Is there a cost to using the data?
•  What formats is it available in?
If we want to analyse the data with confidence, can we determine:
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•  What units of measure are used for key attributes? (e.g. is “value” given as NZ$,
or NZ$ ‘000?; is area in m2, ft2 or ha?)
•  If an ID field is present, is it unique for each record, and is it persistent?
•  If code lists are used to describe building material, what do the codes mean?

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•  If a value is given to five decimal points, is that degree of precision reliable?
As you can see, different levels of metadata detail are required to support:
•  Discovery (requiring relatively high-level metadata only)
•  Assessing fitness-for-purpose (detail relating to content, accuracy and quality is
needed)
•  Appropriate use (unambiguous definition of the data and what it represents is
needed)
Metadata standards for geographic information
The use of common ways to record metadata, using a standard structure with common
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fields used to record metadata “elements”, is something that is seen in different
disciplines and domains.
Geographic information is distinct from other forms of information; it inherently has some
unique characteristics e.g. its spatial extent, the geographic / map projection system
used to define location, positional accuracy and precision of coordinates.
To accommodate these, specific metadata standards for geographic information have
developed over the years.
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In 1994 the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) first published a “Content
Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata”. This gained wide use, particularly within the
USA, but others also developed with the growth in use of digital geospatial data.
The International Standards Organisation (ISO) Technical Committee 211 – Geographic
information / Geomatics (TC211) undertook work to harmonise a number of these “de
facto” standards, and in 2003 released the ISO 19115 standard for “Geographic
INFORMATION
Information – Metadata”.
This ISO standard has since been actively managed and revised by TC211, and is widely
recognised in many countries as the national standard to be used for recording metadata
for geographic information:
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•  ISO 19115 is the official standard adopted by Standards New Zealand and
Standards Australia (AS/NZS ISO 19115.1:2015 is the current joint standard);
•  the FGDC has retired its content standard in favour of ISO 19115;
•  the International Hydrographic Organization’s S-100 metadata standard for
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hydrographic, marine and related geographic data is based on the ISO 19000
series.
Current state
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ISO metadata
The latest AS/NZS ISO 19115 standard was published in 2015 (superseded the previous
2005 standard AS/NZS ISO standard and 2007 regional profile a.k.a. the “ANZLIC
Metadata Standard” (named after the Australia New Zealand Spatial Information Council
which adapted an ANZ regional profile from the core ISO standard)).

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Creating metadata records can be a complex and time-consuming business, and
generally requires supporting software tools to be in place.
While tools were put in place to support the use of the 2007 ANZLIC profile of the
standard, tools and best practices have yet to emerge to support the use of the 2015
version (there is currently an ANZLIC Metadata Working Group looking at this).
The result is that there is a lag in the adoption and use of the new standard. This means
that in addition to the legacy metadata already created to the 2007 standard, metadata
for new dataset is still being created to the 2007 profile.
This is not a significant practical problem; the 2007 standard is forwardly compatible,
and generally still fit-for-purpose.
This situation (lack of tools and best practice guidance) makes it difficult to recommend
use of the current standard. For that reason, until such a time when tools are in place to
ACT
support the newer standard, we recommend that users work with the tools to hand and
create metadata using the previous version.
General metadata
We want to make the key datasets for resilience and climate change easy to find, and
freely and openly available. The place to publish details of public data is data.govt.nz, the
New Zealand Government’s open data catalogue. UNDER
Any data published through data.govt.nz has to be described by an accompanying
metadata record. The scope of the content for these metadata is much less extensive
than the full scope of the ISO standard allows. However, it still covers much of the most
critical information.
Additionally, the data.govt.nz team provides tools and support to make the process of
publishing data easy (https://data.govt.nz/manage-data/).
INFORMATION
Because the data.govt.nz metadata format does not explicitly allow for the provision of
information on data attributes, and is limited in how other critical elements of information
specific to geospatial data can be represented, we recommend that metadata is created
using the ISO standard. A version of this can then easily be brought in, in a cut down
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form, to the data.govt.nz catalogue.
Minimum requirements
Table 1 shows the minimum set of metadata elements for key resilience geospatial
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datasets that we consider necessary to enable users to assess a dataset’s fitness-for-
purpose. It lists the metadata element required, a brief definition and guidance as to
what is expected to be recorded. It also references the name and description of the
corresponding metadata element used by the ANZMet Lite tool.
This software tool was developed by ANZLIC to enable users to easily record the most
THE
essential metadata elements using to the 2007 ISO metadata profile. The tool is available
to download, and though it is no longer supported, its guidance documentation provides
a very good, easy to understand and more expansive explanation of what each metadata
element should contain.
We highly recommend that you refer to this resource:

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https://www.anzlic.gov.au/sites/default/files/files/03d_anzlic_metadata_prof_shortuserg
uide_anzmetlite.pdf (last visited 6/5/2019).
ESRI Australia also provide a Metadata Editing Tool that supports the use of the 2007
profile for ArcGIS / ArcCatalog users. It can be downloaded from their website:
https://esriaustralia.com.au/products-metadata-editing-tool
Table 2 provides an example of how the minimum metadata elements can be
represented using the ISO:19115:2007 (ANZLIC) standard.
Table 3 compares the ability of each of the three metadata standards (ISO 19115:2007
(ANZLIC), ISO 19115:2015 and Data.govt.nz schema) to represent these metadata
elements.
It is important to note that this document only considers representation of the elements
that we have deemed necessary to allow users to assess fitness-for-purpose. These are
ACT
really are the bare bones of what is required
The ISO 19115 standard itself has a number of metadata elements it considers
mandatory that are not included amongst these (e.g. Topic Category). It also has a
number of elements the requirement for which is “conditional”.
We recommend that in addition to fitness-for–purpose elements, the mandatory ISO
19115 elements are completed, along with the conditional elements where necessary.
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Also there are other very useful metadata elements that may be appropriate to your
data, such as “Scale” or “Resolution” or explicit “Use Limitations” based on know fitness-
for-purpose for particular purposes. If these are known and easy to record then it is good
practice to do so. The ANZMet Lite Short User Guide provides a very good summary and
explanation of these elements and we recommend that it is used as a reference to assist
you in preparing your metadata records.
INFORMATION
Mandatory ISO requirements
In addition to the minimum requirements that we have identified to enable users to
assess fitness-for-purpose, the ISO standard has a subset of mandatory metadata
elements for each record. There is significant overlap between these and those we have
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deemed a minimum requirement to assess fitness-for-purpose.
Table 1 in the ANZMet Lite Tool, Short User Guide (last visited 7/5/2019) identifies the
mandatory elements for the ANZLIC metadata profile v1.1. Although these relate to the
2007 standard we recommend that they completed for each metadata record.
OFFICIAL
New and additional mandatory fields are present in the 2015 version of the ISO standard.
However, as best practice guidance and supporting tools have yet to emerge for that
version we recommend, for practical and pragmatic reasons, that the 2007 mandatory
fields are used.
THE



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Table 1 – Minimum elements of metadata necessary to allow users to assess a dataset’s fitness-for-purpose. Examples of the
metatdata elements are taken from the metadata record for the “NZ Property Titles” dataset, published through the LINZ Data
Service. https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/50804-nz-property-titles/metadata/ (last visited 6/5/19)
Metadata element required
Definition
Guidance
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Dataset name
Name by which the cited resource is
Use a meaningful, plain language phrase for that resource
(Often referred to as "Title")
known.
(note: do not use the file name). To facilitate discovery,
ANZMet Lite name: “Resource Title”
consistent title naming conventions should be used for
related resources. To discriminate between duplicate titles,
a reference to the version should be included in the title.
For identification purposes, it is important to carefully
complete this element.
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Example: NZ Property Titles

Unique identifier
Unique reference ID specific to the
This is a unique ID fro the metadata record. It is often
(Often referred to as "File Identifier" or "Identifier")
metadata record.
automatically assigned by the tool used to create to
ANZMet Lite name: “Metadata File Identifier”
metadata record or catalogue within which it is stored.

INFORMATION
Example: 2d28e0af-c177-628b-d667-
22b15b648d55

Source
Name of party (organisation) responsible  This is typically the name of the organisation responsible
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(Often referred to as "Responsible Party" or "Creator")
for the metadata information. The
for publishing the data.
ANZMet Lite name: “Metadata Contact Organisation”
metadata point of contact provides the
details to enable communication with
Example: LINZ - Land Information New Zealand
persons and organisations associated with
the metadata regarding the resource.
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Metadata element required
Definition
Guidance
Source contact information
Contact details for enquiries relating to  Provide a named contact point, telephone number or email
(Often referred to as "Contact Info")
the dataset.
address (ideally both) for queries about the dataset, both at
ANZMet Lite name: “Metadata Point of Contact”
source.
ACT

The ISO 19115 standard al ows a number of contact
methods to be recorded e.g. telephone, email etc.

Example: [email address]
Date created - dataset
Date at which the dataset was first
Within the ISO 19115 standard “Date Stamps” can be
ANZMet Lite name: “Reference Date” + “Reference Date  created.
assigned to a number of different metadata elements. The
Type”
basic ones we are concerned with are: the original date the
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Date created – metadata record
Date at which the metadata record was  dataset was created and the date it was last updated.
ANZMet Lite name: “Metadata Date Stamp”
created / last updated.

Also it’s very useful for users to know the date the
Last updated - dataset
Date the resource was last updated.
metadata record was created / last updated, and the
(Often referred to as "Updated")
update frequency for the dataset
ANZMet Lite name: “Reference Date” + “Reference Date

Type”
INFORMATION
Example: 2018-11-20

Description
The abstract is a free text entry that
The abstract should provide sufficient information, such as
(Often referred to as "abstract")
provides additional information about the key words, to adequately describe the content of the
ANZMet Lite name: “Abstract”
content of the resource.
resource. Careful consideration should be given when
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preparing an abstract as it is an important element used

when assessing the usefulness of a resource.

Example: This dataset provides title information (excluding
ownership) where there is a relationship to one or more
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primary parcels.

A Record of Title is a record of a property's owners, legal

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Metadata element required
Definition
Guidance
description and the rights and responsibilities registered
against the title.

ACT
This dataset does not contain any ownership information so
that it can be freely distributed. If ownership information is
required, see the [NZ Property Title Including
Owners](https:/ data.linz.govt.nz/layer/50805) and [NZ
Property Title Owners](https:/ data.linz.govt.nz/layer/50806)
datasets. Note: these are restricted access datasets and
require you to agree to the [LINZ Licence for Personal
Data](https://www.linz.govt.nz/data/licensing-and-using-
data/linz-licence-for-personal-data).

There can be multiple parcels associated with a title, and a
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title may only have a part share in a parcel. This means the
shape representing the title wil  be an aggregation of all
parcels that the title is associated with. The ‘spatial extents
shared’ attribute when equal to ‘false’ will indicate that title
has exclusive interest over al  of the shape (this wil  be case
for the vast majority).

The originating data for parcel/title associations includes
some non-official sources where the official data does not
INFORMATION
support a link. For more information see the [LINZ
website](http://www.linz.govt.nz/about-linz/linz-data-
service/dataset-information/cadastral-titles-data)

Extent
The geographic location that the data
This can often be defined by the coordinates of the 4
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ANZMet Lite name: “Geographic Bounding Box” + “West  applies to.
corners of the bounding box that covers the geographic
Bounding Longitude” + “East Bounding Longitude” +
extent on the dataset.
“South Bounding Latitude” + “North Bounding Latitude”

Example: 166.688755883-175.833301833-
47.2899925167-34.12963565
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Coordinate (reference) system
Name or identification code for the
Geospatial data is generally defined within a geographic
(Often referred to as "reference system Info")
coordinate reference system to which the  (e.g. lat : long based) or projected (e.g. easting : northing

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Metadata element required
Definition
Guidance
ANZMet Lite name: “Reference System Identified”
data is associated.
based) coordinate system.

It is important that users know which system is being used
ACT
so that the data can be corrected portrayed, analysed,
transformed and correlated to other geospatial datasets.

ANZLIC recommends the use of “EPSG” codes (maintained
by the European Petroleum Survey Group). These identify
particular coordinate reference systems. The registry of
these codes is can be found at: http://www.epsg.org/

UNDER
E.g. The code for New Zealand Geodetic Datum (NZGD)
2000 coordinate reference system is: 4167

Example: 4167
Spatial representation type
The method used to spatial y represent Use only for spatial datasets. Typical values include: point,
ANZMet Lite name: “Spatial Representation Type”
geographic information e.g. vector.
line, polygon, polyline, raster, vector, TIN (Triangulated
INFORMATION
Irregular Network).

Example: vector
Method of collection
Description of the sources and production General explanation of the data producer’s knowledge
(Often referred to as "lineage")
processes used in producing the resource. about the lineage (or history) of the resource.
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ANZMet Lite name: “Lineage”

Example: The function of the Registrar-General of Land is to
provide a system, whereby the ownership of land can be
legal y evidenced, under which dealings with it can be effected
and recorded.

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From the earliest days of colonisation, offices have existed in
New Zealand for the registration of instruments affecting land.
To enable a record of ownership of land to be kept the Land

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Metadata element required
Definition
Guidance
Registration Ordinance was passed by the Legislative Council
of New Zealand on 28th December 1841. This provided for the
setting up of Deeds Registry Offices and prescribed the
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method of registering Crown Grants and other Private Deeds
relating to Land. The system is generally known as Deeds
Registration System or Deeds System for short.

The Deeds System with modifications continued until the
Land Registry Act 1860 was promulgated. After a number of
amendments it was replaced by the Land Transfer System (LT
Act 1870 and subsequent acts). This is sometimes called the
Torrens System, after its originator in South Australia. Since
the 1870 all registration takes place under the Land Transfer
System. The Land Transfer System provides a simple method
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of registration and in addition, titles issued under it are
guaranteed by the State. The first digital data was created by
the Land Titles Office (a division of the Justice Department) in
the late 1980s - early 90s. This data formed the electronic land
transfer journal and a titles index (Land Title Link). The LTO
was amalgamated with DOSLI and finally LINZ. As Landonline
was rol ed out, the paper titles were converted into digital
computer registers. The titles conversion project converted
1.8 mil ion "live" titles and imaged 2 mil ion instruments.
INFORMATION
Certificate of Titles were replaced by Computer Registers.
Both have since been replaced by Record of Title, with the
commencement of the Land Transfer Act 2017.
Purpose
Summary of the intended use(s) for which General explanation of the data producer’s reason for
Not included in ANZMet Lite name, could be captured in the resource was created.
generating the data and the uses it has been designed for.
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its “Statement” field

This should help inform other users in making their own
assessment of whether it will be suitable for use for their
own purposes.

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Example: This layer provides title information (excluding
ownership) where there is a data link to one or more primary

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Metadata element required
Definition
Guidance
parcels.
Dataset attribution
Description of dataset attributes,
A full description of each attribute within the dataset
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Not included in ANZMet Lite
described by the measurement value
should be given.
(where appropriate)

This should enable users to match the attribute (table
column) name to a clear description of what the values
within it represent, and where appropriate: what units of
measure are uses, what category code lists / vocabularies
and classifications are used and what the given values
represent.
UNDER

Example: This information is provided in the
accompanying document: property-and-ownership-
simplified-tables-data-dictionary.pdf
License
Access and use constraints applied to the  Users need to know if data access and use is governed by
(Often referred to as “Legal restrictions”)
data e.g. to protect privacy or intellectual  license conditions, and if so, what these are.
ANZMet Lite name: “Legal Restrictions – Use”
property.

INFORMATION
Often a reference can be provided to the particular license
used e.g. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0).

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Example: Released under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International with:

Following Disclaimers:
1. This data is made available through the LINZ Data Service
and is based on information contained with Landonline (New
Zealand's Official Title and Cadastral System)
OFFICIAL

2. Not to be used for defining legal parcel boundaries or

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Metadata element required
Definition
Guidance
transacting land

Fol owing Attribution:
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If you publish, distribute or otherwise disseminate this work to
the public without adapting it, the fol owing attribution to Land
Information New Zealand should be used:
'CC BY 4.0 Land Information New Zealand’

If you adapt this work in any way or include it in a col ection,
and publish, distribute or otherwise disseminate that
adaptation or col ection to the public, the fol owing attribution
to Land Information New Zealand should be used:
‘Contains data sourced from the LINZ Data Service and
licensed for reuse under CC BY 4.0.'
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If "attribution stacking" problems exist then the requirement
to display the above attribution statements is waived and in
lieu the attribution statement is to be made in any terms or
conditions associated with the work/ product/ application/ etc.

INFORMATION
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OFFICIAL

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Table 2 – Example of an ISO:19115:2007 (ANZLIC) format metadata record, showing just the required minimum elements. The
table shows the hierarchy of the metadata elements within the ISO schema and values recorded against these for the record that
describes the “NZ Property Titles” dataset, published through the LINZ Data Service.
https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/50804-nz-property-titles/metadata/ (last visited 6/5/19)
ACT
Metadata element required
Example: NZ Property Titles (recorded value in bold text)
Dataset name
Identification Info
(Often referred to as "Title")

Data Identification
Citation
Citation
Title
UNDER
NZ Property Titles

Unique identifier
Metadata
(Often referred to as "File Identifier" or "Identifier")
File Identifier
2d28e0af-c177-628b-d667-22b15b648d55

Source
Contact
(Often referred to as "Responsible Party" or "Creator")
Responsible Party
INFORMATION
Organisation Name
LINZ - Land Information New Zealand
Source contact information
Contact Info
(Often referred to as "Contact Info")
Contact
Phone
RELEASED
Telephone
Voice
04 4600110
Address
Address
OFFICIAL
Delivery Point
155 The Terrace
City

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Land Information New Zealand © Crown Copyright

Metadata element required
Example: NZ Property Titles (recorded value in bold text)
Wellington
Postal Code
6011
ACT
Country
New Zealand
Electronic Mail Address
[email address]

D ate created - dataset
Identification Info
Data Identification
Citation
Citation
UNDER
Date

Not given (not specified in record, but detailed history of the development of the
dataset is given in the “Lineage” statement)
Date created – metadata record
Metadata

Date Stamp
Date
INFORMATION
2018-11-20

Last updated - dataset
Resource Maintenance
(Often referred to as "Updated")
Maintenance Information
Maintenance And Update Frequency
RELEASED
Maintenance Frequency Code
weekly

Description
Identification Info
(Often referred to as "abstract")
Data Identification
OFFICIAL
Citation
Abstract

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Land Information New Zealand © Crown Copyright

Metadata element required
Example: NZ Property Titles (recorded value in bold text)
This dataset provides title information (excluding ownership) where there is
a relationship to one or more primary parcels.
ACT

A Record of Title is a record of a property's owners, legal description and the
rights and responsibilities registered against the title.

This dataset does not contain any ownership information so that it can be
freely distributed. If ownership information is required, see the [NZ Property
Title Including Owners](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/50805) and [NZ
Property Title Owners](https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/50806) datasets.
Note: these are restricted access datasets and require you to agree to the
UNDER
[LINZ Licence for Personal Data](https://www.linz.govt.nz/data/licensing-
and-using-data/linz-licence-for-personal-data).

There can be multiple parcels associated with a title, and a title may only
have a part share in a parcel. This means the shape representing the title will
be an aggregation of all parcels that the title is associated with. The ‘spatial
extents shared’ attribute when equal to ‘false’ will indicate that title has
INFORMATION
exclusive interest over all of the shape (this will be case for the vast
majority).

The originating data for parcel/title associations includes some non-official
sources where the official data does not support a link. For more information
see the [LINZ website](http://www.linz.govt.nz/about-linz/linz-data-
RELEASED
service/dataset-information/cadastral-titles-data)
Extent
Identification Info
Extent
EX _ Extent
OFFICIAL
Geographic Element
EX _ Geographic Bounding Box

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Land Information New Zealand © Crown Copyright

Metadata element required
Example: NZ Property Titles (recorded value in bold text)
166.688755883-175.833301833-47.2899925167-34.12963565

Coordinate (reference) system
Reference System Info
ACT
(Often referred to as "reference system Info")
Reference System
Reference System Identifier
Identifier
Code
4167
Spatial representation type
Identification Info
Data Identification
Spatial Representation Type Code
vector
UNDER

Method of collection
Data Quality Info
(Often referred to as "lineage")
DQ _ Data Quality
Scope
Lineage
LI _ Lineage
Statement
INFORMATION
The function of the Registrar-General of Land is to provide a system, whereby
the ownership of land can be legally evidenced, under which dealings with it
can be effected and recorded.

From the earliest days of colonisation, offices have existed in New Zealand
RELEASED
for the registration of instruments affecting land. To enable a record of
ownership of land to be kept the Land Registration Ordinance was passed by
the Legislative Council of New Zealand on 28th December 1841. This
provided for the setting up of Deeds Registry Offices and prescribed the
method of registering Crown Grants and other Private Deeds relating to Land.
The system is generally known as Deeds Registration System or Deeds
OFFICIAL
System for short.

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Land Information New Zealand © Crown Copyright

Metadata element required
Example: NZ Property Titles (recorded value in bold text)
The Deeds System with modifications continued until the Land Registry Act
1860 was promulgated. After a number of amendments it was replaced by
the Land Transfer System (LT Act 1870 and subsequent acts). This is
ACT
sometimes called the Torrens System, after its originator in South Australia.
Since the 1870 all registration takes place under the Land Transfer System.
The Land Transfer System provides a simple method of registration and in
addition, titles issued under it are guaranteed by the State. The first digital
data was created by the Land Titles Office (a division of the Justice
Department) in the late 1980s - early 90s. This data formed the electronic
land transfer journal and a titles index (Land Title Link). The LTO was
amalgamated with DOSLI and finally LINZ. As Landonline was rolled out, the
paper titles were converted into digital computer registers. The titles
UNDER
conversion project converted 1.8 million "live" titles and imaged 2 million
instruments. Certificate of Titles were replaced by Computer Registers. Both
have since been replaced by Record of Title, with the commencement of the
Land Transfer Act 2017.
Purpose
Identification Info
Data Identification
INFORMATION
Citation
Purpose
This layer provides title information (excluding ownership) where there is a
data link to one or more primary parcels
RELEASED
Dataset attribution
Provided in separate document linked to the metadata record:
property-and-ownership-simplified-tables-data-dictionary.pdf
OFFICIAL

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Land Information New Zealand © Crown Copyright

Metadata element required
Example: NZ Property Titles (recorded value in bold text)
License
Identification Info
(Often referred to as “Legal restrictions”)
Data Identification
Resource Constraints
ACT
Legal Constraints
Use Limitation
Released under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International with:

Following Disclaimers:
1. This data is made available through the LINZ Data Service and is based on
information contained with Landonline (New Zealand's Official Title and
Cadastral System)
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2. Not to be used for defining legal parcel boundaries or transacting land

Following Attribution:
If you publish, distribute or otherwise disseminate this work to the public
without adapting it, the following attribution to Land Information New
Zealand should be used:
INFORMATION
'CC BY 4.0 Land Information New Zealand’

If you adapt this work in any way or include it in a collection, and publish,
distribute or otherwise disseminate that adaptation or collection to the
public, the following attribution to Land Information New Zealand should be
RELEASED
used:
‘Contains data sourced from the LINZ Data Service and licensed for reuse
under CC BY 4.0.'

If "attribution stacking" problems exist then the requirement to display the
above attribution statements is waived and in lieu the attribution statement
OFFICIAL
is to be made in any terms or conditions associated with the work/ product/

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Land Information New Zealand © Crown Copyright

Metadata element required
Example: NZ Property Titles (recorded value in bold text)
application/ etc.
ACT

UNDER
INFORMATION
RELEASED
OFFICIAL

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Land Information New Zealand © Crown Copyright

Table 3 – Comparison of baseline metadata elements necessary to enable assessment of whether data is fit-for-purpose, and these
are represented in the 3 existing metadata schema
Metadata elements required
ISO 19115:2007
ACT
ANZLIC Profile
ISO19115:2015
Data.govt.nz schema
Comments
Dataset name
Yes
Yes
Yes
(Often referred to as "Title")

Unique identifier
Yes
Yes
Yes
(Often referred to as "File Identifier" or "Identifier")

Date created - dataset
Yes
Yes
Yes
Metadata is often recorded for a
UNDER
(Often referred to as "Date Stamp")
number of key dates e.g. creation and
last update of the dataset, publication
of the metadata.
Date created – metadata record
Yes
Yes
Yes
(Often referred to as "Date Stamp")

Source
Yes
Yes
Yes
INFORMATION
(Often referred to as "Responsible Party" or "Creator")

Source contact info
Yes
Yes
Yes
(Often referred to as "Contact Info")

RELEASED
Last updated
Yes
Yes
Yes
(Often referred to as "Updated")

Description
Yes
Yes
Yes
(Often referred to as "abstract")
OFFICIAL

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Metadata elements required
ISO 19115:2007
ANZLIC Profile
ISO19115:2015
Data.govt.nz schema
Comments
Extent
Yes
Yes
Yes
ACT
Coordinate (reference) system
Yes
Yes
Maybe
Could be detailed as part of
(Often referred to as "reference system Info")
“description” but does not make
specific use of the opportunity to
reference standard reference
definitions
Spatial representation type code (e.g. point, line,
Yes
Yes
Maybe
Could be detailed as part of
polygon, polyline, raster, vector)
“description”
UNDER
Method of collection
Yes
Yes
Maybe
Could be detailed as part of
(Often referred to as "lineage")
“description”
Purpose
Yes
Yes
Yes

Dataset attribution
ISO 19115 can accommodate data
INFORMATION
Yes
Yes
No
attribution details; for data.govt.nz this
has to be provided as a separate
resource
License
Yes
Yes
Yes
RELEASED

OFFICIAL

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Useful references and resources
The following on-line resources provide useful information on using the ISO 19115
metadata standard and general background information.
Reference is also given to the data.govt.nz metadata guidelines and technical
specification.
ISO 19115 references
ANZMet Lite Tool, Short User Guide
https://www.anzlic.gov.au/sites/default/files/files/03d_anzlic_metadata_prof_shortuserg
uide_anzmetlite.pdf (last visited 7/5/2019)
ACT

ANZMet Lite Tool
https://www.anzlic.gov.au/resources/metadata#ProdYourMetadata (last visited
7/5/2019)

ANZLIC metadata documentation and guidance for the superseded ANZLIC metadata
UNDER
standard:
https://www.anzlic.gov.au/resources/asnzs-iso-1911512015-metadata (last visited
7/5/2019)

ESRI Australia Metadata Editing Tool for ArcGIS / ArcCatalog users:
INFORMATION
https://esriaustralia.com.au/products-metadata-editing-tool (last visited 7/5/2019)

Data Documentation Initiative (DDI) – summary of current ISO:19115 fundamentals:
RELEASED
https://ddi-
alliance.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/DDI4/pages/548405259/ISO+19115+Geographic+Info
rmation+--+Metadata#ISO19115GeographicInformation--Metadata-Temporalaspects
(last visited 7/5/2019)
OFFICIAL

NOAA metadata resources (introduction and training resources:
https://www.ncddc.noaa.gov/metadata-standards/ (last visited 7/5/2019)
THE

The Association for Geographic Information introduction to metadata (plus information on
the UK ISO 19115 profile “GEMINI”):
https://www.agi.org.uk/agi-groups/standards-committee/uk-gemini/40-gemini/1052-
metadata-guidelines-for-geospatial-data-resources-part-1 (last visited 7/5/2019)

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Data.govt.nz references
Data.govt.nz metadata guidance:
https://www.data.govt.nz/manage-data/releasing-data-on-data-govt-nz/what-metadata-
should-i-include-with-my-dataset/ (last visited 7/5/2019)

Data.govt.nz metadata schema documentation:
https://github.com/data-govt-nz/schema (last visited 7/5/2019)
ACT
UNDER
INFORMATION
RELEASED
OFFICIAL
THE

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